tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-25552440290029222902024-03-13T13:17:32.601-07:00Conanlovers2013Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17377134775596586890noreply@blogger.comBlogger5125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2555244029002922290.post-41947800074184168792013-01-02T09:17:00.001-08:002013-01-02T09:17:11.374-08:00Validitas Asesmen<br />
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Pada
sebagian orang, isu kesahihan (validitas) dan keandalan (reliabilitas) adalah
inti dari diskusi-diskusi tentang penilaian. Isu-isu teknis adalah hal penting
dalam mempertimbangkan semua bentuk penilaian termasuk yang terjadi setiap hari
di dalam kelas (AERA, APA, dan NCNM, 1999). Meskipun prinsip-prinsip yang
dianut sama namun secara operasional tampak ada perbedaan berdasarkan pada
tujuan penilaian sumatif dan formatif.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Isu
tentang validitas mengarah pada apakah penilaian mengukur atau mengungkapkan
apa yang hendak diukur. Atkin, Black, & coffey (2001) mengatakan bahwa
kesahihan memiliki dimensi termasuk tiga yang akan dibahas yakni kesahihan isi
(content validity), kesahihan konstruk ( construct validity) dan kesahihan
intruksional (intrutional validity). Kesahihan isi mengacu pada tingkatan
dimana suatu penilaian mampu mengukur area isi yang diharapkan. Kesahihan
konstruk mengacu pada tingkatan dimana penilaian mengukur konstruk teori atau
kemampuan yang diharapkan. Suatu penilaian menggambarkan kesahihan
instruksional, apabila materi atau isi sepadan dengan apa yang benar-benar
diajarkan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Penilaian
memerlukan tujuan yang sepadan dan jelas ketika mengumpulkan data, para guru
dan para siswa perlu mempertimbangkan jika informasi menunjukkan dengan teliti
apa yang mereka inginkan untuk diringkas, sesuai dengan mata pelajaran yang
diajarkan dan mencerminkan setiap konsekuensi social yang sengaja sebagai hasil
dari penilaian. Penilaian formatif yang tidak valid dapat menuju kepada
tindakan koreksi atau salah, atau tindakan yang lalai dimana hal tersebut
justru diperlukan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">A.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ciri
Umum dan Interpretasi Validitas<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Para ahli psikometri telah menetapkan kriteria bagi
suatu alat ukur psikologis untuk dapat dinyatakan sebagai alat ukur yang baik
dan mampu memberikan informasi yang sesuai dengan tujuan diadakannya suatu
pengukuran, kriterianya valid dan reliabel. Sifat reliabel dan vilid
diperhatikan oleh tingginya reabilitas dan validitas hasil ukur suatu tes.
Suatu alat ukur yang tidak realibel atau tidak vilid akan memberikan informasi
yang keliru mengenai keadaan subjek atau individu yang dikenai tes itu. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Validitas didefinisikan sebagai ukuran seberapa
cermat suatu tes melakukan fungsi ukuran. Tes hanya dapat melakukan fungsinya
dengan cermat kalau ada sesuatu yang diukurnya, untuk dikatakan vilid tes harus
mengukur sesuatu dan melakukan nya dengan cermat (Mardapi, 2004) Penekanan
definisi tersebut terletak pada seberapa cermat suatu alat ukur melakukan
fungsi ukurnya sehingga memberikan hasil ukur sesuai dengan yang hendak diukur.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Sifat vilid memberikan pengertian bahwa alat ukur
yang digunakan mampu memberikan nilai yang sungguhnya dari apa yang kita
inginkan, jika pada suatu kesempatan kita ingin memperoleh tinggi suatu meja,
penggaris merupakan alat ukur yang vilid karena dengan alat ini kita akan dapat
hasilnya.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Menggunakan alat ukur yang memang berfungsi mengukur
sesuatu aspek tetapi tidak dapat menghasilkan hasil ukur teliti akan
menimbulkan varians kesalahan. Suatu alat ukur yang validitasnya kecil sehingga
kita dapat percaya bahwa angka yang dihasilkan merupakan angka yang sebenarnya.
Inilah yang dalam <i>classical true socre
theory</i> yang artinya validitas instrinsik yaitu akar kuadrat rasio varians
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Perlu
dipahami sebetulnya melakukan validitas terhadap interpretasi data yang
diperoleh oleh prosedur tertentu (Cronbach,1971) dalam kaitan dengan itu.
Messick (Atkin, Black & coffey, 2001) menawarkan perspektif lain mengenai
validitas definisinya dengan suatu pengujian tentang penggunaan data penilaian
dan dari sana diperoleh persyaratan teknis. Validitas digambarkan sebagai
“suatu” penetapan evaluasi terintegrasi tentang derajat bukti empiris dan dasar
teoritis yang mendukung ketercakupan dan kesesuaian tindakan dan kesimpulan
yang berdasarkan pada skor tes atau model-model lainnya.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Jadi, validitas didalam pandangannya adalah suatu <i>property</i> yang sangat penting dan berguna
dibandingkan penilaian nyata. Messick (Atkin, Black & Coffey , 2001)
menekankan pada penggunaan dari validitas pada pentingnya mempertimbangkan
konsekuensi social: “ Validitas tes dan nilai social terjalin dan bahwa
konsekuensi dari evaluasi yang sengaja dan yang tidak disengaja pada beberapa
ujian terintegrasi dengan pengesahan-pengesahan tes, penafsiran dan
penggunaan”.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">B.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Jenis
Validitas<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Validitas
isi (<i>Content Validity</i>)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Content Validity </span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">(validitas
isi) suatu tes harus menjawab pertanyaan “sejauh mana butir-butir tes itu
mencakup keseluruhan kawasan yang ingin diukur oleh tes tersebut”.Prosedur
validasinya tidak melibatkan perhitungan statistik apapun. Terdapat dua macam
tipe content validity, yaitu f<i>ace
validity </i>dan<i> logical validity.<o:p></o:p></i></span></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Face Validity</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">
tercapai apabila pemeriksaan terhadap item-item tes memberi kesimpulan bahwa
tes tersebut mengukur aspek yang relavan. Dasar penyimpulannya lebih banyak
diletakkan pada <i>common sense</i> atau
akal sehat. Validitas tipe ini tentu tidak menjadi hal yang perlu dirisaukan
apabila suatu tes telah terbukti valid lewat pengujian validitas tipe lain yang
lebih dapat diandalkan. Dapatlah dikatakan bahwa <i>face validity</i> adalah tipe validitas yang paling rendah
signifikansinya.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Logical validity </span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">disebut
juga <i>sampling validity. </i>Tipe
validitas ini menuntut batasan yang seksama terhadap kawasan (domain) perilaku
yang di ukur dan suatu desain logis yang dapat mencakup bagian-bagian kawasan
perilaku tersebut. Sejauh mana tipe validitas ini telah terpenuhi dapat dilihat
dari cakupan butir-butir yang ada dalam tes. <i>Logical Validity </i>sangat penting artinya, salah satu cara agar
tuntutan validitas ini dapat terpenuhi adalah dengan menyusun suatu perencanaan
isi tes menurut <i>blue print </i>yang
disandarkan pada rencana pelaksanaan pelajaran atau program latihan yang akan
diujikan. <i>Blue print </i>tes dapat
membantu agar penulisan butir tidak meninggalkan hal penting yang harus ada
dalam tes dan sekaligus menjaganya agar tetap berada dalam batas cakupan isi
yang relavan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Validitas
Konstruksi (<i>Construct Validity</i>)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Construct Validity </span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">(validitas
konstruk) menunjukkan sejauh mana suatu tes mengukur konstruk teori yang menjadi
dasar penyusunan tes itu. Pengukuran validitas konstruk merupakan proses yang
terus berlanjut sejalan dengan perkembangan konsep mengenai trait (sifat) yang di ukur.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Prosedur
pengujian validitas konstruk berangkat dari hasil komputasi interkorelasi
diantara berbagai hasil tes dan kemudian diikuti oleh analisis lebih lanjut
terhadap matriks korelasi yang diperoleh, melalui berbagai metode. Diantara
metode yang sering digunakan adalah metode <i>multitrait-multimethod
</i>dan <i>analisis factor.<o:p></o:p></i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Campbell dan Fiske (1959) mengembangkan satu pendekatan untuk
menguji validitas konstruk yang disebut <i>multitrait-multimethod</i>.
Validasi dengan <i>multitrait-multimethod </i>digunakan
dengan menggunakan lebih dari satu macam metode untuk mengukur lebih dari satu
macam trait. Suatu contoh perhitungan validitas dengan pendekatan ini
dikemukakan oleh Alen dan Yen (Azwar, 2005) dengan mengandaikan adanya dua
trait, yaitu sifat Introversi dan Neurotisme, yang masing-masing diungkap oleh
dua macam metode, yaitu pertama metode jawaban ya-tidak (YT) dan kedua metode
pilihan ganda (PG). Dalam contoh ini, terdapat empat macam tes. Hasil
pelaksanaan keempat macam tes tersebut pada sekelompok siswa kemudian
dikorelasikan satu sama lain dan koefisien-koefisien korelasinya dimasukkan
dalam suatu matriks validasi (perhatikan Tabel 1.1)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Tabel 1.1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Matriks validasi dengan
pendekatan <i>multitrait-multimethod</i><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 30.2pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 72.75pt;" valign="top" width="97">
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Intoversi<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">YT<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 30.2pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 78.15pt;" valign="top" width="104">
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Neurotisme<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">YT<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 30.2pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 74.35pt;" valign="top" width="99">
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Introversi<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">PG<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 30.2pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 78.2pt;" valign="top" width="104">
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Neurotisme<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">PG<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 20.6pt; mso-yfti-irow: 1;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 20.6pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 78.1pt;" valign="top" width="104">
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Intoversi<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">YT<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 20.6pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 72.75pt;" valign="top" width="97">
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">(0.80)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 20.6pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 78.15pt;" valign="top" width="104">
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">0.25<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 20.6pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 74.35pt;" valign="top" width="99">
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">0.78<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 20.6pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 78.2pt;" valign="top" width="104">
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">0.19<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 23.05pt; mso-yfti-irow: 2;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 23.05pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 78.1pt;" valign="top" width="104">
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Introversi<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">PG
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 23.05pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 72.75pt;" valign="top" width="97">
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 23.05pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 78.15pt;" valign="top" width="104">
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">(0.85)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 23.05pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 74.35pt;" valign="top" width="99">
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">0.16<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 23.05pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 78.2pt;" valign="top" width="104">
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">0.72<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 19.1pt; mso-yfti-irow: 3;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 19.1pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 78.1pt;" valign="top" width="104">
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Neurotisme<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">YT<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 19.1pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 72.75pt;" valign="top" width="97">
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 19.1pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 78.15pt;" valign="top" width="104">
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 19.1pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 74.35pt;" valign="top" width="99">
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">(0.87)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 19.1pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 78.2pt;" valign="top" width="104">
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">0.24<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 24.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 4; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 24.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 78.1pt;" valign="top" width="104">
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Neurotisme<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">PG<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 24.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 72.75pt;" valign="top" width="97">
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 24.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 78.15pt;" valign="top" width="104">
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 24.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 74.35pt;" valign="top" width="99">
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 24.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 78.2pt;" valign="top" width="104">
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">(0.92)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Pada
matriks validasi table di atas, koefisien korelasi antara skor tes dengan
dirinya sendiri tidak dicantumkan sebagai r = 1, tetapi digantikan oleh
koefisien reliabilitasnya. Sebagai contoh, koefisien reliabilitas atas skala
introversi yang menggunakan metode YT adalah 0.8 dan dalam matriks diletakkan
dalam tanda kurung. Dasar pemikiran dalam validasi dengan pendekatan ini adalah
adanya validitas yang baik diperlihatkan oleh korelasi yang tinggi antara dua
pengukuran terhadap trait yang sama oleh dua metode yang berbeda, atau korelasi
yang rendah antara dua pengukuran terhadap trait yang berbeda walaupun
menggunakan metode yang serupa. Pada table 1.1, dapat dijelaskan bahwa
skala-skala tersebut menunjukkan hasil ukur yang memiliki validitas konstruk
yang baik. Perhatikan bahwa skala introversi YT dan skala introversi PG
berkorelasi 0.78; skala neurotisme YT dan neurotisme PG berkorelasi sebesar
0.72.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Tampak
juga pada tabel bahwa korelasi masing-masing skala yang mengukur trait yang
berbeda, kesemuanya rendah. Dalam istilah validitas, skala-skala tersebut
konvergen ditunjukkan oleh tingginya korelasi antara skor skala-skala yang
mengukur antara skor skala-skala yang mengukur trait berbeda. Pada contoh
tersebut, validitas konvergen dan daya beda <i>(diskriminant
validity)</i> termasuk dalam kategori baik. Maka dapat diilustrasikan suatu
matriks validasi multitrait-multimethod yang ideal seperti tabel dibawah
berikut.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Tabel 1.2<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 58.5pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Matriks validasi dengan
pendekatan multitrait-multimethod<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 478.8pt;" valign="top" width="638">
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">A1 B1 A2 B2<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 120.55pt; mso-yfti-irow: 1; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 120.55pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 478.8pt;" valign="top" width="638">
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">A1 </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>r</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>A</m:r></span></i><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>1</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>A</m:r></span></i><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>1</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75"
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style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>r</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>A</m:r></span></i><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>1</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>B</m:r></span></i><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>1</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75"
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style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>r</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>A</m:r></span></i><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>1</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>A</m:r></span></i><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75"
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style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>r</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>A</m:r></span></i><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>1</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>B</m:r></span></i><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75"
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 79.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> (T)
(R)
(T)
(R)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 79.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">B1 </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>r</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>B</m:r></span></i><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>1</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>B</m:r></span></i><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>1</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75"
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style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>r</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>B</m:r></span></i><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>1</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>A</m:r></span></i><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75"
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style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
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mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>r</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>B</m:r></span></i><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>1</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>A</m:r></span></i><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75"
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</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="22" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image014.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="35" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 79.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">
(T)
(R)
(T)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 79.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">A2
</span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>r</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>A</m:r></span></i><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>A</m:r></span></i><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75"
style='width:25.5pt;height:16.5pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image015.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="22" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image016.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="34" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>r</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>A</m:r></span></i><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>B</m:r></span></i><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75"
style='width:25.5pt;height:16.5pt'>
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o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="22" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image018.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="34" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 79.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> (T) (T)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 79.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">B2
</span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>r</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>B</m:r></span></i><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>B</m:r></span></i><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75"
style='width:26.25pt;height:16.5pt'>
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o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 79.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> (T)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 79.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 58.5pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Keterangan:<br />
T = Tinggi R = Rendah <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 58.5pt; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Pada
tabel diatas huruf melambangkan trait dan angka melambangkan metode. Jadi, A1
dan A2 adalah dua skala yang mengukur trait yang sama, yaitu trait A diukur
oleh dua metode berbeda, metode 1 dan 2. A1 dan B1 adalah satu macam trait
berbeda yang diukur oleh satu metode yang sama, yaitu metode 1.A2 dan B2
melambangkan dua trait yang berbeda tetapi di ukur oleh metode yang sama, yaitu
metode 2. Korelasi antara setiap variabel dengan dirinya sendiri, yaitu </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>r</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>A</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>1</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>A</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>1</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:25.5pt;height:16.5pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image003.png"
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</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="22" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image004.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="34" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">, </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>r</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>B</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>1</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>B</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>1</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:26.25pt;height:16.5pt'>
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</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="22" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image012.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="35" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">, </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>r</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>A</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>A</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2 ,<span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span></m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -6.0pt; position: relative; top: 6.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:29.25pt;height:17.25pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image021.png"
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</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="23" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image022.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="39" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> dan </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>r</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>B</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>B</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:26.25pt;height:16.5pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image019.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="22" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image020.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="35" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> masing-masing dinyatakan oleh koefisien
reliabilitas setiap variabel (dalam diagonal). <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 58.5pt; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Pembuktian
validitas konstruk dilakukan dengan menggunakan analisis faktor eksploratori.
Sehubungan dengan itu, analisis faktor eksploratori digunakan untuk mengungkap
trait (sifat) atau konstruk teoritis yang hendak diukur. Dalam arti, untuk
mengetahui apakah butir-butir yang telah disusun mengukur faktor-faktor yang
membangun instrument tersebut. Field (2000), memberikan beberapa prosedur
analisis faktor eksploratori khususnya dengan program aplikasi SPSS, yaitu:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Metode
yang digunakan untuk melakukan analisis faktor eksploratori adalah <i>maximum likelihood.</i><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Metode
rotasi yang digunakan adalah <i>varimax.</i><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Mengukur
kesesuaian sampling dengan melihat KMO (Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin). Jika nilai KMO
> 0,5, maka sampling yang digunakan dalam uji coba instrumen sesuai.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">4)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Bartlett’s tes of sphericity, </span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">untuk
mengukur apakah setiap butir berkorelasi rendah (menuju nol) dengan butir yang
lainnya, dalam artian bahwa butir-butir yang disusun saling independen. Untuk
keperluan ini, digunakan signifikasi a=0.05 dan membandingkan dengan signifikan
hasil perhitungan (sig.). Jika nilai signifikansi a=0.05 lebih besar dari nilai
signifikansi hasil perhitungan, maka setiap butir memiliki korelasi yang
rendah.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">5)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Melihat
multikolinieritas. Jika determinan > 0,00001, maka butir-butir berkorelasi
rendah (<0,8). Itu berarti bahwa, butir-butir tersebut memiliki
multikolinieritas yang rendah. Dalam arti butir-butir tersebut mengukur faktor
yang berbeda.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">6)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Muatan
faktor setelah <i>extraction </i>yang
digunakan >0,3. Jika nilai muatan faktor >0,3, maka butir tersebut dapat
digunakan untuk mengukur faktornya. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Validitas
Ada sekarang <i>(Concurrent validity)</i><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36pt; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Validitas “ada sekarang” lebih dikenal
dengan validitas empiris. Sebuah tes dikatakan memiliki validitas empiris jika
hasilnya sesuai dengan pengalaman. Dalam hal ini tes dipasangkan dengan hasil
pengalaman. Pengalaman selalu mengenai hal yang telah lampau sehingga data
pengalaman tersebut sekarang sudah ada (ada sekarang,concurrent). Dalam
membandingkan hasil sebuah tes maka diperlukan suatu kriterium atau alat
pembanding. Maka hasil tes merupakan sesuatu yang dibandingkan. Misalnya
seorang guru ingin mengetahui apakah tes sumatif yang disusun sudah valid atau
belum. Untuk ini diperlukan sebuah kriterium masa lalu yang sekarang datanya
dimiliki (misalnya ulangan harian atau nilai ulangan sumatif yang lalu).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">4.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Validitas
Ramalan <i>(predictive validity)</i><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Sebuah
tes dikatakan memiliki validitas prediksi atau validitas ramalan apabila mempunyai
kemampuan untuk meramalkan apa yang kan terjadi pada masa yang akan datang.
Contohnya: tes perguruan tinggi adalah sebuah tes yang diperkirakan mampu
meramalkan keberhasilan peserta tes dalam mengikuti kuliah di masa yang akan
datang. Calon yang tersaring berdasarkan hasil tes diharapkan mencerminkan
tinggi-rendahnya kemampuan mengikuti kuliah. Jika nilai tesnya tinggi tentu
manjamin keberhasilannya kelak. Sebaliknya seorang calon dikatakan tidak lulus
karena memiliki nilai tes yang rendah jadi diperkirakan akan tidak mampu
mengikuti perkuliahan yang akan datang. Sebagai alat pembanding validitas
prediksi adalah nilai-nilai yang diperoleh setelah peserta tes mengikuti
pelajaran di Perguruan Tinggi. Jika ternyata siapa yang memiliki nilai tes
lebih tinggi gagal dalam ujian semester I dibandingkan dengan yang dulu nilai
tesnya lebih rendah maka tes masuk yang dimaksud tidak memiliki validitas
prediksi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">C.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Cara
menghitung Validitas<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Dalam
suatu tes dikatakan valid apabila adanya suatu kesejajaran antara hasil tes
dengan kriterium. Teknik yang digunakan untuk mengetahui kesejajaran tersebut
adalah teknik korelasi produk moment<i> </i>yang dikemukakan Pearson, terdapat dua
macam korelasi yaitu korelasi produk moment<i>
</i>dengan simpangan dan korelasi produk moment dengan angka besar. Rumus
keduanya adalah sebagai berikut.<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Rumus korelasi produk moment<i> </i>dengan simpangan<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-text-raise: -21.0pt; position: relative; top: 21.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75"
style='width:111pt;height:39.75pt' o:ole="">
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image023.wmz"
o:title=""/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="53" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image024.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="148" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.3" ShapeID="_x0000_i1025"
DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1418677308">
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</xml><![endif]--></span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Rumus
korelasi produk moment<i> </i>dengan angka
besar<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-text-raise: -18.0pt; position: relative; top: 18.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1026" type="#_x0000_t75"
style='width:264pt;height:44.25pt' o:ole="">
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image025.wmz"
o:title=""/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="59" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image026.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1026" width="352" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.3" ShapeID="_x0000_i1026"
DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1418677309">
</o:OLEObject>
</xml><![endif]--></span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Keterangan<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">r<sub>xy</sub> = Koefisien korelasi antara variable x
dan y. (x=X-<span style="mso-text-raise: -2.0pt; position: relative; top: 2.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1027" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:13.5pt;height:15pt' o:ole="">
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image027.wmz"
o:title=""/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="20" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image028.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1027" width="18" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.3" ShapeID="_x0000_i1027"
DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1418677310">
</o:OLEObject>
</xml><![endif]--></span>dan y=Y-<span style="mso-text-raise: -2.0pt; position: relative; top: 2.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1028" type="#_x0000_t75"
style='width:12pt;height:15pt' o:ole="">
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image029.wmz"
o:title=""/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="20" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image030.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1028" width="16" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.3" ShapeID="_x0000_i1028"
DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1418677312">
</o:OLEObject>
</xml><![endif]--><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-text-raise: -7.0pt; position: relative; top: 7.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1029" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:20.25pt;height:18.75pt'
o:ole="">
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image031.wmz"
o:title=""/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="25" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image032.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1029" width="27" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.3" ShapeID="_x0000_i1029"
DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1418677313">
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</xml><![endif]--></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> =
Jumlah perkalian x dan y<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">x<sup>2</sup>
= Kuadrat dari x<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">y<sup>2 </sup>= kuadrat dari y<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">N = Jumlah data<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Reliabilitas Asesmen<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 18pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">A.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ciri
Umum Reliabilitas<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Sifat
reliabel (keterandalan) dari sebuah alat ukur berkenaan dengan kemampuan alat
ukur tersebut memeberikan hasil yang konsisten dan stabil. Jika kita mengukur
panjang sebuah meja kayu dengan menggunakan sebuah meteran berulang-ulang, baik
dalam tenggang waktu yang singkat maupun tenggang waktu yang lama, maka hasil
ukur kita dapat dipastikan selalu menunjukkan angka yang sama selama panjang
meja tersebut belum berubah. Kita katakan meteran tersebut reliabel, atau
konsisten, atau dapat diandalkan, atau stabil.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Hal
yang berbeda akan kita jumpai jika kita ingin melakukan pengukuran aspek
psikologis dan sosial. Misalnya dalam pengukuran terhadap motivasi, minat,
intelegensi,sikap masyarakat mengenai suatu hal, kecendrungan mendapat
kecelakaan, sifat kepemimpinan, dan lai sebagainya. Aspek sosial psikologis
demikian tidak dapat diukur dengan kepastian dan konsistensi yang tinggi karena
hasil ukurnya tidak dapat lepas dari pengaruh hal-hal yang tidak relavan di
luar maksud pengukuran.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Reliabilitas
alat ukur dan reliabilitas hasil ukur biasanya dianggap sama. Namun
penggunaannya masing-masing perlu diperhatikan (Azwar, 2004). Konsep
reliabilitas dalam arti reliabilitas alat ukur berkaitan erat dengan kesalahan
pengukuran <i>(error of measurement). </i>Kesalahan
pengukuran merujuk pada sejauhmana inkonsistensi hasil pengukuran terjadi
apabila pengukuran dilakukan beberapa kali pada kelompok subjek yang sama.
Sedangkan konsep reliabilitas dalam arti hasil pengukuran berkaitan erat dengan
kesalahan dalam pengambilan sampel <i>(sampling
error)</i> yang merujuk pada inkonsistensi hasil pengukuran apabila pengukuran
dilakukan pada kelompok subjek yang berbeda.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Oleh
karena itu, reliabilitas alat ukur atau hasil pengukuran sering disamakan
dengan <i>consistency, stability </i>atau <i>dependability, </i>yang pada prinsipnya
menunjukkan sejauhmana pengukuran itu dapat memberikan hasil yang relatif sama
bila dilakukan pengukuran kembali terhadap subjek yang sama pada waktu yang
berbeda.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 18pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 18pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">B.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Asumsi
dan Interprestasi<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Skor
adalah nilai yang diberikan dari hasil jawaban peserta tes terhadap pertanyaan
dalam dalam tes tersebut, dan merupakan representasi dari suatu atribut laten.
Skor Kuantitatif yang langsung diperoleh dari hadil pengukuran dan belum diolah
merupakan skor amatan (observed scores) yang selanjutnya kita sebut dengan X.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Disamping
skor amatan, bagi setiap individu yang mendapat skor amatan X, terdapat pula
skor lain yang disebut dengan skor murni atau skor sesungguhnya, yaitu nilai kinerja
yang benar dan merupakan representasi murni dari atribut laten, yang tidak
pernah dapat diketahui besar nilainya. Skor murni (true-scores) ini selanjutnya
kita lambangkan dengan symbol T. Selanjutnya komponen kesalahan pengukuran
kitan nyatakan dengan symbol E. Hubungan antara ketiga macam komponen tersebut,
dibahas dan diuraikan oleh Allen dan Yen (1979), seperti yang di uraikan
seperti berikut:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Asumsi – 1 : X = T + E<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Asumsi
ini memberi gambaran bahwa skor amatan adalah hasil penjumlahan skor murni
dengan kesalahan pengukuran . Artinya, skor amatan ditentukan oleh besarnya
skor murni dengan kesalahan pengukuran yang dilakukan. Jika kesalahan
pengukuran yang dilakukan menuju kesuatu bilangan yang kecil (menuju nol), maka
skor amatan sama dengan skor murni.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Asumsi – 2 : </span></b><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">e</span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">(X) = T<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Asumsi
ini mengatakan bahwa skor murni, T, merupakan ekspektasi (nilai harapan) dari
skor amatan, X. Secara konsep statitiska, T merupakan nilai rata-rata dari skor
amatan seseorang, jika dilakukan tes berulang-ulang, dengan asumsi pengulangan
tes tersebut saling bebas (independen) dan tak terbatas.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Asumsi – 3 : </span></b><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-weight:bold;mso-bidi-font-weight:normal;font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><span style='font-size:
12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:Symbol;mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family:Symbol'><span style='mso-char-type:
symbol;mso-symbol-font-family:Symbol'>r</span></span></m:e><m:sub><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty
m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>ET</m:r></span></i></b></m:sub></m:sSub></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -7.0pt; position: relative; top: 7.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:18pt;height:18pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image033.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="24" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image034.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="24" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> = 0<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Asumsi
ini mengatakan bahwa tidak ada korelasi antara skor murni dengan kesalahan
pengukuran yang dilakukan. Dalam hal ini, dapat juga dikatakan bahwa variasi skor
murni tidak bergantung pada variasi kesalahan pengukuran yang dilakukan. Jadi,
skor murni yang tinggi tidak serta memberikan skor kesalahan pengukuran yang
positif atau negative. Begitu juga dengan skor murni yang rendah bukan
diakibatkan oleh kesalahan pengukuran yang rendah.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Asumsi – 4 </span></b><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-weight:bold;mso-bidi-font-weight:normal;font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><span style='font-size:
12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:Symbol;mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family:Symbol'><span style='mso-char-type:
symbol;mso-symbol-font-family:Symbol'>r</span></span></m:e><m:sub><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-weight:bold;mso-bidi-font-weight:normal;font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:
normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>E</m:r></span></i></b></m:e><m:sub><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty
m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>1</m:r></span></i></b></m:sub></m:sSub><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-weight:bold;mso-bidi-font-weight:normal;font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:
normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>E</m:r></span></i></b></m:e><m:sub><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty
m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>2</m:r></span></i></b></m:sub></m:sSub></m:sub></m:sSub></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -9.0pt; position: relative; top: 9.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:27pt;height:19.5pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image035.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="26" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image036.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="36" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">=
0<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 18pt;">
<!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shapetype id="_x0000_t32" coordsize="21600,21600"
o:spt="32" o:oned="t" path="m,l21600,21600e" filled="f">
<v:path arrowok="t" fillok="f" o:connecttype="none"/>
<o:lock v:ext="edit" shapetype="t"/>
</v:shapetype><v:shape id="_x0000_s1030" type="#_x0000_t32" style='position:absolute;
left:0;text-align:left;margin-left:173.25pt;margin-top:110.2pt;width:0;
height:35.7pt;z-index:251667456' o:connectortype="straight">
<v:stroke endarrow="block"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><span style="height: 51px; left: 0px; margin-left: 225px; margin-top: 146px; mso-ignore: vglayout; position: absolute; width: 12px; z-index: 251667456;"><img height="51" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image037.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_s1030" width="12" /></span><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_s1031"
type="#_x0000_t32" style='position:absolute;left:0;text-align:left;
margin-left:239.5pt;margin-top:110.2pt;width:0;height:35.7pt;z-index:251668480'
o:connectortype="straight">
<v:stroke endarrow="block"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><span style="height: 51px; left: 0px; margin-left: 313px; margin-top: 146px; mso-ignore: vglayout; position: absolute; width: 12px; z-index: 251668480;"><img height="51" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image038.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_s1031" width="12" /></span><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:rect id="_x0000_s1029"
style='position:absolute;left:0;text-align:left;margin-left:142.65pt;
margin-top:80.35pt;width:133.05pt;height:107.75pt;text-indent:0;z-index:251666432'/><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><span style="height: 150px; left: 0px; margin-left: 189px; margin-top: 106px; mso-ignore: vglayout; position: absolute; width: 184px; z-index: 251666432;">
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td bgcolor="white" height="150" style="background: white; border: .75pt solid black; vertical-align: top;" width="184"><!--[endif]--><!--[if !mso]--><span style="left: 0pt; mso-ignore: vglayout; position: absolute; z-index: 251666432;">
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%px;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><!--[endif]-->
<div class="shape" style="padding: 4.35pt 7.95pt 4.35pt 7.95pt;" v:shape="_x0000_s1029">
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; text-effect: outline;">
T T</span></div>
</div>
<!--[if !mso]--></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</span><!--[endif]--><!--[if !mso & !vml]--> <!--[endif]--><!--[if !vml]--></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Asumsi ini memberi gambaran bahwa jika pengukuran dilakukan dua
kali, pengukuran pertama memberikan kesalahan pengukuran </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>E</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>1</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:12pt;height:16.5pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image039.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="22" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image040.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="16" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> dan pengukuran kedua memberikan kesalahan
pengukuran </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>E</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:12pt;height:16.5pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image041.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="22" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image042.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="16" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">, maka tidak ada
korelasi antara kedua kesalahan pengukuran tersebut. Dengan kata lain,
kesalahan pengukuran pertama tidak mempengaruhi pengukuran kedua atau
sebaliknya.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 18pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Ilustrasi dua pengukuran memberikan dua kesalahan
pengukuran dan tidak korelasi antar kesalahan dua pengukuran<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Asumsi – 4 :</span></b><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-weight:bold;mso-bidi-font-weight:normal;font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:
normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>ρ</m:r></span></i></b></m:e><m:sub><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-weight:bold;mso-bidi-font-weight:normal;font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:
normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>E</m:r></span></i></b></m:e><m:sub><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty
m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>1</m:r></span></i></b></m:sub></m:sSub><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-weight:bold;mso-bidi-font-weight:normal;font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:
normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>T</m:r></span></i></b></m:e><m:sub><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty
m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>2</m:r></span></i></b></m:sub></m:sSub></m:sub></m:sSub></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -7.0pt; position: relative; top: 7.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:27.75pt;height:18pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image043.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="24" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image044.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="37" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> = 0<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> </span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Asumsi ini menyatakan bahwa kesalahan pada suatu
pengukuran pertama tidak berkorelasi dengan skor murni pada pengukuran kedua
yang menggunakan tes lain. De</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">n</span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">gan
kata lain, kesalahan pada suatu tes tidak tergantung pada skor murni yang
diperoleh seseorang pada pengukuran dengan tes lain.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">B</span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">e</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">r</span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">hubungan
dengan asumsi-asumsi yang telah dikemukakan di atas, ada beberapa konsep yang
perlu diperhatikan berdasarkan teori skor murni klasikal, diantaranya adalah <i>tes yang parallel</i>. Dua tes dinyatakan
paralel apabila skor murni dari setiap subjek adalah sama pada kedua tes
tersebut, yaitu T = T’, dan sebagian setiap populasi subjek yang dikenai
tes-tes tersebut, memiliki varians kesalahan yang sama besar, yaitu </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">б</span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:f><m:fPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span lang=SV style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:
SV'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:num><m:den><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>E</m:r></span></i></m:den></m:f></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -9.0pt; position: relative; top: 9.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:6pt;height:22.5pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image045.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="30" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image046.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="8" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> = </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">б</span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:f><m:fPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span lang=SV style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:
SV'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:num><m:den><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>E</m:r></span></i></m:den></m:f></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -9.0pt; position: relative; top: 9.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:6pt;height:22.5pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image045.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="30" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image046.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="8" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">. Pernyataan tersebut member gambaran bahwa dua tes
paralel akan memiliki rata-rata dan skor amatan yang setara dan memiliki
korelasi dengan skor amatan tes lain yang setara pula.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Dalam</span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">k</span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">onsep lain berkaitan dengan dua tes yang memiliki sifat <i>essentially t-equivalent.</i> Dua tes
dikatakan memiliki sifat ini, apabila besarnya perbedaan skor murni setiap
individu pada kedua tes tersebut selalu tetap. Dalam konsep matematika, sifat
ini dapat dijelaskan sebagai T<sub>1</sub> = T<sub>2</sub> + C, dimana T<sub>1</sub>
skor murni yang diperoleh seseorang pada tes pertama dan T<sub>2</sub>
merupakan besarnya skor murni yang diperoleh seseorang pada tes kedua, serta C
merupakan suatu bilangan konstanta. Jika dua tes paralel, maka sifat ini pasti
berlaku, tetapi sebaliknya dua tes memiliki sifat <i>essentially t-equivalent </i>belum tentu memiliki varians kesalahan
yang sama. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Selanjutnya</span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> memberikan batasan tentang asumsi-asumsi yang mendasari
tentang proses perhitungan reliabilitas seperti yang dikemukakan di atas, Allen
& Yen (1979) juga memberikan batasan tentang enam cara dalam melakukan
interpretasi terhadap koefisien reliabilitas suatu tes, r<sub>xx’</sub> (dibaca
rho xx’). </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Keenam cara tersebut diuraikan berikut.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">r<sub>xx’ </sub>= korelasi antara <i>observed-scores</i> (skor amatan) dari dua
tes yang paralel.<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 14.2pt;">
<span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Dalam
interpretasi ini, apabila setiap subjek mendapat skor yang sama pada tes X dan
tes X’ yang paralel, dan terdapat varians pada masing-masing distribusi skor
amatan itu, maka kedua tes tersebut mempunyai reliabilitas sempurna (r<sub>xx’ </sub>=
1.0). Apabila tidak semua subjek mendapatkan skor yang sama pada tes X dan tes
X’, maka korelasi antara kedua tes tersebut tidak sempurna dank arena itu
reliabilitasnya pun tidak sempurna (r<sub>xx’</sub>< 1.0). <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">r<sub>xx’</sub>
= besarnya proporsi varians X yang dijelaskan oleh hubungan linearnya dengan
X’. <b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 18pt; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Azwar (2004)
mengatakan bahwa interpretasi berasal dari penafsiran koefisien determinasi
seperti yang biasa dilakukan pada penafsiran koefisien korelasi dari <i>Pearson</i>. Dalam kaitan dengan ini,
besarnya kuadrat koefisien reliabilitas dapat diartikan sebagai besarnya
proporsi varians suatu tes yang dapat dijelaskan oleh variasi skor pada tes
lain yang paralel dengannya.<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">r<sub>xx’</sub> = </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:f><m:fPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><m:sSubSup><m:sSubSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubSupPr><m:e><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr
m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>б</m:r></span></i></b></m:e><m:sub><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty
m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>T</m:r></span></i></b></m:sub><m:sup><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr
m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>2</m:r></span></i></b></m:sup></m:sSubSup></m:num><m:den><m:sSubSup><m:sSubSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubSupPr><m:e><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr
m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>б</m:r></span></i></b></m:e><m:sub><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty
m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>X</m:r></span></i></b></m:sub><m:sup><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr
m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>2</m:r></span></i></b></m:sup></m:sSubSup></m:den></m:f></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -11.5pt; position: relative; top: 11.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75"
style='width:9.75pt;height:27.75pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image047.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="37" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image048.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="13" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 18pt; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Koefisien
reliabilitas merupakan perbandingan antara varians <i>true-scores</i> (skor murni) dengan varians skor amatan. Dengan kata
lain, koefisien reliabilitas adalah proporsi varians skor amatan yang merupakan
varians skor murni. Jika semua perbedaan yang terjadi pada skor amatan
merefleksikan perbedaan skor murni subjek, yaitu berlaku </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSubSup><m:sSubSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubSupPr><m:e><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty
m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>s</m:r></span></i></b></m:e><m:sub><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty
m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>T</m:r></span></i></b></m:sub><m:sup><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
lang=SV style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-ansi-language:SV'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>2</m:r></span></i></b></m:sup></m:sSubSup><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
lang=SV style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-ansi-language:SV'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>=</m:r></span></i></b><m:sSubSup><m:sSubSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubSupPr><m:e><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty
m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>s</m:r></span></i></b></m:e><m:sub><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty
m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>X</m:r></span></i></b></m:sub><m:sup><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
lang=SV style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-ansi-language:SV'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>2</m:r></span></i></b></m:sup></m:sSubSup></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:39.75pt;height:17.25pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image049.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="23" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image050.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="53" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">, maka reliabilita tes tersebut adaah sempurna, yaitu r<sub>xx’</sub>
= 1. Dengan kata lain,pada reliabilitas yang sempurna, pengukuran terjadi tanpa
kesalahan. Adanya kesalahan pengukuran akan menyebabkan harga komponen </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSubSup><m:sSubSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubSupPr><m:e><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty
m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>s</m:r></span></i></b></m:e><m:sub><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty
m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>T</m:r></span></i></b></m:sub><m:sup><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
lang=SV style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-ansi-language:SV'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>2</m:r></span></i></b></m:sup></m:sSubSup><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
lang=SV style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-ansi-language:SV'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>/</m:r></span></i></b><m:sSubSup><m:sSubSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubSupPr><m:e><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty
m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>s</m:r></span></i></b></m:e><m:sub><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty
m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>X</m:r></span></i></b></m:sub><m:sup><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
lang=SV style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-ansi-language:SV'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>2</m:r></span></i></b></m:sup></m:sSubSup></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:30pt;height:17.25pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image051.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="23" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image052.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="40" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> lebih kecil daripada
1.0 dan semakin kecilah proporsi varians skor amatan yang merupakan varians
skor murni dan tes tersebut semakin kurang reliabel.<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">4)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">r<sub>xx’</sub> = r<sup>2</sup><sub>XT</sub><b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 18pt; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Interpretasi ini
menyatakan bahwa koefisien reliabilitas adalah sama dengan kuadrat korelasi
antara skor amatan dan skor murni. Jadi, misalnya koefisien reliabilitas r<sub>xx’</sub>
= .70, maka korelasi antara amatan skor murni adalah r<sub>xx’</sub> = .49 <b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">5)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">r<sub>xx’</sub> = 1 – ρ<sup>2</sup><sub>XE</sub><b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 18pt; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Pernyataan ini
member gambaran bahwa koefisien reliabilitas merupakan selisih dari satu dengan
kuadrat korelasi antara skor amatan dengan skor kesalahan pengukuran. Semakin
besar koefisien korelasi antara skor amatan dengan skor kesalahan pengukuran,
maka semakin kecil koefisien reliabilitas suatu tes.<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">6)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">r<sub>xx’</sub> = 1 - </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:f><m:fPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><m:sSubSup><m:sSubSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubSupPr><m:e><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr
m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>б</m:r></span></i></b></m:e><m:sub><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty
m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>E</m:r></span></i></b></m:sub><m:sup><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr
m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>2</m:r></span></i></b></m:sup></m:sSubSup></m:num><m:den><m:sSubSup><m:sSubSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubSupPr><m:e><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr
m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>б</m:r></span></i></b></m:e><m:sub><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty
m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>X</m:r></span></i></b></m:sub><m:sup><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr
m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>2</m:r></span></i></b></m:sup></m:sSubSup></m:den></m:f></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -11.5pt; position: relative; top: 11.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75"
style='width:9.75pt;height:27.75pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image053.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="37" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image054.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="13" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 18pt; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV;">Interpretasi
ini menghubungkan reliabilitas dengan varians kesalahan dan varians skor
amatan. Apabila suatu pengukuran hanya berisi kesalahan random semata-mata,
maka varians skor-amatan merupakan varians kesalahan seluruhnya, </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSubSup><m:sSubSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubSupPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>s</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>T</m:r></span></i></m:sub><m:sup><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span lang=SV style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:
SV'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sup></m:sSubSup><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span lang=SV style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:
"Cambria Math","serif";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:SV'><m:r>=</m:r></span></i><m:sSubSup><m:sSubSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubSupPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>s</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>X</m:r></span></i></m:sub><m:sup><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span lang=SV style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:
SV'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sup></m:sSubSup></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:39pt;height:16.5pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image055.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="22" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image056.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="52" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV;">. Dalam hal ini maka harga r<sub>xx’</sub> = 1 – 1 = 0,
artinya tes tersebut sama sekali tidak reliabel. Kalau pengukuran tidak
mengandung kesalahan sama sekali, maka </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSubSup><m:sSubSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubSupPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>s</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>E</m:r></span></i></m:sub><m:sup><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span lang=SV style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:
SV'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sup></m:sSubSup></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:11.25pt;height:16.5pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image057.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="22" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image058.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="15" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV;"> = 0 dan harga
komponen </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:f><m:fPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><m:sSubSup><m:sSubSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubSupPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>б</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>E</m:r></span></i></m:sub><m:sup><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span lang=SV style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:
SV'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sup></m:sSubSup></m:num><m:den><m:sSubSup><m:sSubSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubSupPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>б</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>X</m:r></span></i></m:sub><m:sup><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span lang=SV style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:
SV'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sup></m:sSubSup></m:den></m:f></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -11.5pt; position: relative; top: 11.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75"
style='width:10.5pt;height:27pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image059.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="36" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image060.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="14" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV;"> = 0, dan r<sub>xx’</sub>
= 1 – 1 = 0. Dengan kata lain, reliabilitas tes tersebut sempurna karena
pengukuran yang dilakukan tanpa kesalahan. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 18pt; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Varians (derajat
heterogenitas) skor amatan, </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSubSup><m:sSubSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubSupPr><m:e><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty
m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>s</m:r></span></i></b></m:e><m:sub><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty
m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>T</m:r></span></i></b></m:sub><m:sup><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
lang=SV style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-ansi-language:SV'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>2</m:r></span></i></b></m:sup></m:sSubSup></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:12pt;height:17.25pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image061.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="23" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image062.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="16" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">, mempunyai pengaruh penting terhadap reliabilitas. Bila
diasumsikan bahwa varians skor-tampak sangat menentukan harga </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:f><m:fPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><m:sSubSup><m:sSubSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubSupPr><m:e><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty
m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>б</m:r></span></i></b></m:e><m:sub><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty
m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>E</m:r></span></i></b></m:sub><m:sup><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
lang=SV style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-ansi-language:SV'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>2</m:r></span></i></b></m:sup></m:sSubSup></m:num><m:den><m:sSubSup><m:sSubSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubSupPr><m:e><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty
m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>б</m:r></span></i></b></m:e><m:sub><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty
m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>X</m:r></span></i></b></m:sub><m:sup><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
lang=SV style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-ansi-language:SV'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>2</m:r></span></i></b></m:sup></m:sSubSup></m:den></m:f></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -11.5pt; position: relative; top: 11.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75"
style='width:9.75pt;height:27.75pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image063.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="37" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image064.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="13" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">. Jika sampel heterogen, maka nilai </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:f><m:fPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><m:sSubSup><m:sSubSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubSupPr><m:e><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty
m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>б</m:r></span></i></b></m:e><m:sub><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty
m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>E</m:r></span></i></b></m:sub><m:sup><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
lang=SV style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-ansi-language:SV'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>2</m:r></span></i></b></m:sup></m:sSubSup></m:num><m:den><m:sSubSup><m:sSubSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubSupPr><m:e><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty
m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>б</m:r></span></i></b></m:e><m:sub><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty
m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>X</m:r></span></i></b></m:sub><m:sup><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
lang=SV style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-ansi-language:SV'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>2</m:r></span></i></b></m:sup></m:sSubSup></m:den></m:f></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -11.5pt; position: relative; top: 11.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75"
style='width:9.75pt;height:27.75pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image063.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="37" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image064.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="13" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> akan kecil dan r<sub>xx’</sub>
= 1 - </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:f><m:fPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><m:sSubSup><m:sSubSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubSupPr><m:e><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty
m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>б</m:r></span></i></b></m:e><m:sub><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty
m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>E</m:r></span></i></b></m:sub><m:sup><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
lang=SV style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-ansi-language:SV'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>2</m:r></span></i></b></m:sup></m:sSubSup></m:num><m:den><m:sSubSup><m:sSubSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubSupPr><m:e><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty
m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>б</m:r></span></i></b></m:e><m:sub><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty
m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>X</m:r></span></i></b></m:sub><m:sup><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
lang=SV style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-ansi-language:SV'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>2</m:r></span></i></b></m:sup></m:sSubSup></m:den></m:f></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -11.5pt; position: relative; top: 11.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75"
style='width:9.75pt;height:27.75pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image063.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="37" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image064.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="13" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> akan besar. Dengan
kata lain, estimasi yang didasarkan data dari sampel yang heterogen cenderung
menghasilkan koefisien reliabilitas yang tinggi daripada kalau didasarkan pada
data dari sampel yang homogen.</span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 18pt; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Keenam interpretasi
yang diperlukan dalam upaya lebih memahami tafsiran koefisien reliabilitas
berdasarkan konsep teori skor murni klasikal. Untuk mempermantap pemahaman
tentang keenam interpretasi tersebut, uraian berikut ditunjukkan pada bagaimana
metode yang dapat digunakan untuk melakukan estimasi koefisien reliabilitas.</span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 36pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 18pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">C.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Faktor
yang berpengaruh terhadap Reliabilitas<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Menurut
Agung (2010), ada 3 faktor yang dapat
mempengaruhi realibilitas suatu tes, yaitu panjang tes, karakteristik peserta
tes, dan proses penyelenggaraan tes. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Panjang tes (banyak sedikitnya butir
tes)<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Semakin
panjang tes, maka reliabilitasnya juga akan semakin tinggi. Salah satu cara
untuk meningkatkan reliabilitas dengan penambahan butir tes adalah dengan
penambahan butir tes, yaitu sebagai berikut.<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-text-raise: -15.0pt; position: relative; top: 15.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1030"
type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:84.75pt;height:33.75pt' o:ole="">
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image065.wmz"
o:title=""/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="45" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image066.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1030" width="113" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.3" ShapeID="_x0000_i1030"
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</xml><![endif]--><b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Dengan
keterangan :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">r
= koefisien realibilitas<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-text-raise: -6.0pt; position: relative; top: 6.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1031" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:15pt;height:18pt' o:ole="">
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image067.wmz"
o:title=""/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="24" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image068.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1031" width="20" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.3" ShapeID="_x0000_i1031"
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</xml><![endif]--></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> = koefisien reliabilitas setelah butir tes
ditambahkan<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">n = ratio penambahan butir (jumlah butir
akhir dibagi jumlah butir awal) <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 14.2pt; text-indent: 21.8pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">misalnya
koefisien realibilitas awal = 0,70<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 14.2pt; text-indent: 21.8pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">jumlah butir
awal = 40<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 14.2pt; text-indent: 21.8pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">jumlah butir
akhir = 60<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 35.45pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">n
= 60 : 40 = 1,5 kemudian masukkan harga r dan n ke dalam rumus.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 35.45pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-text-raise: -15.0pt; position: relative; top: 15.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1032" type="#_x0000_t75"
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<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 35.45pt; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Berdasarkan
hasil perhitungan di atas, maka dengan menambah 20 butir tes dari jumlah butir
tes semula yaitu 40, ternyata mampu meningkatkan koefisien reliabilitas dari
0,70 menjadi 0,78 atau naik sebesar 0,08.<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Karakteristik
peserta tes<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Tes
yang diujicobakan kepada kelompok yang diambil secara acak (<i>random</i>), akan menunjukkan reliabilitas
yang lebih besar daripada yang di uji cobakan pada kelompok yang tidak diacak.<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Proses
penyelenggaraan<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Reliabilitas suatu tes juga dapat dipengaruhi oleh
faktor proses penyelenggaraan yaitu dapat dilihat dari kejelasan petunjuk
pengerjaan tes, ketertiban pengawas tes, dan suasana lingkungan dan tempat tes.<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: 36pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: 36pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: 36pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: 36pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 18pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">D.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Jenis
Koefisien Reliabilitas<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Metode
<i>test-retest</i><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Metode
test-retest dilakukan dengan menggunakan tes yang sama pada kelompok subjek
yang sama dua kali dengan member tenggang waktu yang cukup diantara kedua
penyajian tersebut. Koefisien korelasi sempurna hanya akan diperoleh bila
setiap subjek mendapat skor yang sama pada kedua penyajian dan bila distribusi
skor kelompok tersebut variansnya tidak sama dengan nol.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Untuk menghitung koefisien reliabilitas, rumus yang dapat
digunakan adalah korelasi product moment dari Pearson, dengan rumusan, <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt;">
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<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Dimana :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
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mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
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</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="23" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image074.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="20" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> = Korelasi antara skor amatan tes X dan skor amatan tes Y<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> SX = Jumlah
skor amatan pada tes X<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> SY =
Jumlah skor amatan pada tes Y<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> S</span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSup><m:sSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSupPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>X</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sup><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sup></m:sSup></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:13.5pt;height:16.5pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image075.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="22" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image076.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="18" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> =
Jumlah kuadrat skor amatan pada tes X<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> S</span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSup><m:sSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSupPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>Y</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sup><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sup></m:sSup></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:13.5pt;height:16.5pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image077.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="22" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image078.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="18" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> =
Jumlah kuadrat skor amatan pada tes Y<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt; text-indent: -67.5pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> SXY = Jumlah hasil hasil kali skor amatan pada
tes X dengan skor amatan pada tes Y<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> N =
Banyaknya subjek<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Mardapi
(2004) mengatakan bahwa perubahan sikap subjek juga dapat mempengaruhi estimasi
reliabilitas, kalau pada pelaksanaan yang kedua subjek bersikap negatif,
menolak bekerja dengan bersungguh-sungguh, atau dengan sengaja member jawaban
seenaknya, akan mengakibatkan pula korelasi yang rendah. Masalah lain dalam
prosedur test-retest adalah masalah menentukan lamanya waktu yang harus
disediakan diantara dua pelaksanaan tes. Kalau tenggang waktu terlalu singkat,
sangat mungkin terjadi <i>carry-over effect </i>akibat
<i>memori, practice, </i>atau suasana hati
subjek, atau bertambahnya informasi yang diperoleh subjek dalam hal aspek yang
diukur oleh tes yang bersangkutan. Karena itu, metode <i>test-retest</i> lebih cocok untuk digunakan dalam mengestimasi
reliabilitas tes yang mengukur <i>traits</i>
yang stabil selama tenggang waktu pelaksanaan dan tak mudah dipengaruhi <i>carry-over effect.</i><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Metode
<i>parallel form</i><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV;">Estimasi reliabilitas dengan menggunakan metode <i>Parallel-Form </i>dilakukan dengan menghitung
korelasi skor amatan antara dua tes amatan yang paralel yang disajikan pada
kelompok subjek yang sama. Dikarenakan hampir tidak mungkin untuk memperoleh
dua tes yang paralel, maka biasanya digunakan <i>alternate forms </i>sebagai pengganti. <i>Alternate-forms </i>adalah dua tes yang mengukur satu trait yang sama
dan disusun sedemikian rupa sehingga menjadi separalel mungkin sehingga
keduannya dapat mempunyai distribusi skor amatan dengan rata-rata, varians dan
korelasi dengan tes lain, yang sama besar.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt;">
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style='position:absolute;left:0;text-align:left;margin-left:184.75pt;
margin-top:34.05pt;width:112.5pt;height:48.75pt;z-index:251670528' arcsize="10923f">
<v:textbox style='mso-next-textbox:#_x0000_s1032'>
<![if !mso]>
<table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 width="100%">
<tr>
<td><![endif]>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'>
Form A</p>
</div>
<![if !mso]></td>
</tr>
</table>
<![endif]></v:textbox>
</v:roundrect><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><span style="height: 71px; left: 0px; margin-left: 245px; margin-top: 44px; mso-ignore: vglayout; position: absolute; width: 156px; z-index: 251670528;"><img alt="Rounded Rectangle: Form A" height="71" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image079.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_s1032" width="156" /></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV;">Sebagai ilustrasi metode estimasi dengan metode ini dapat
dilihat pada gambar berikut.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt;">
<span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV;"> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<v:textbox style='mso-next-textbox:#_x0000_s1033'>
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<table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 width="100%">
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<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'>
Form B</p>
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z-index:251673600' o:connectortype="straight" strokeweight="2pt"/><v:shape
id="_x0000_s1036" type="#_x0000_t32" style='position:absolute;left:0;
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<v:stroke endarrow="block"/>
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height:35.65pt;z-index:251678720'>
<v:textbox style='mso-next-textbox:#_x0000_s1040'/>
</v:shape><v:shape id="_x0000_s1039" type="#_x0000_t202" style='position:absolute;
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height:32.9pt;z-index:251677696'>
<v:textbox style='mso-next-textbox:#_x0000_s1039'/>
</v:shape><v:shape id="_x0000_s1037" type="#_x0000_t32" style='position:absolute;
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<table align="left" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tbody>
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<td height="5" width="156"></td>
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<td></td>
<td align="left" colspan="7" valign="top"><img height="78" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image080.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_s1033 _x0000_s1034 _x0000_s1035 _x0000_s1036" width="249" /></td>
</tr>
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<td height="16"></td>
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<td align="left" valign="top"><img height="16" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image081.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_s1038" width="4" /></td>
<td colspan="3"></td>
<td align="left" valign="top"><img height="16" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image081.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_s1037" width="4" /></td>
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<td colspan="5"></td>
<td bgcolor="white" colspan="4" height="53" rowspan="2" style="background: white; border: .75pt solid black; vertical-align: top;" width="160"><!--[endif]--><!--[if !mso]--><span style="left: 0pt; mso-ignore: vglayout; position: absolute; z-index: 251678720;">
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%px;">
<tbody>
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<td><!--[endif]-->
<div class="shape" style="padding: 4.35pt 7.95pt 4.35pt 7.95pt;" v:shape="_x0000_s1040">
<div class="MsoNormal">
Time 2</div>
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<br /></div>
</div>
<!--[if !mso]--></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</span><!--[endif]--><!--[if !mso & !vml]--> <!--[endif]--><!--[if !vml]--></td>
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<td height="49"></td>
<td bgcolor="white" colspan="4" height="49" style="background: white; border: .75pt solid black; vertical-align: top;" width="164"><!--[endif]--><!--[if !mso]--><span style="left: 0pt; mso-ignore: vglayout; position: absolute; z-index: 251677696;">
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%px;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><!--[endif]-->
<div class="shape" style="padding: 4.35pt 7.95pt 4.35pt 7.95pt;" v:shape="_x0000_s1039">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
Time 1</div>
</div>
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</tr>
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</span><!--[endif]--><!--[if !mso & !vml]--> <!--[endif]--><!--[if !vml]--></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<!--[endif]--><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt;">
<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
<br clear="ALL" />
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Metode
Ekuivalen<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span lang="ES-VE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: ES-VE; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Reliabilitas
ini tidak ditentukan menggunakan korelasi tetapi menggunakan estimasi
konsistensi internal. Reliabilitas ini diukur menggunakan Kuder-Richardson,
biasanya Formula-20 (KR-20) atau Formula-21 (KR-21). Kedua rumus ini hanya
dapat dipakai untuk tes yang aitem-aitemnya diskor dikotomi, yaitu benar atau
salah, 0 atau 1. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Menerapkan
banyak indikator yang dapat dioperasionalisasikan ke semua </span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Konsepsi&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Konsepsi (halaman belum tersedia)"><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">konsepsi</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> pengukuran. Kesetaraan </span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keandalan" title="Keandalan"><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">keandalan</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> akan menggunakan dua instrumen untuk mengukur konsep yang
sama pada tingkat </span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kesulitan&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Kesulitan (halaman belum tersedia)"><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">kesulitan</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> yang sama. Reliabilitas atau
tidaknya pengujian akan ditentukan dari hubungan dua skor </span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Instrumen&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Instrumen (halaman belum tersedia)"><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">instrumen</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, atau lebih dikenal dengan hubungan
antara </span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Variabel_bebas&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Variabel bebas (halaman belum tersedia)"><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">variabel
bebas</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> (<i>independen
variable</i>) dengan </span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Variabel_terikat&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Variabel terikat (halaman belum tersedia)"><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">variabel
terikat</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> (<i>dependen
variable</i>). <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt;">
<span lang="ES-VE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: ES-VE; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Untuk mencari reliabilitas
equivalen, digunakan rumus korelasi Product Moment, yaitu mengkorelasi skor
butir pertama (X) dengan skor tes ke dua (Y). Rumus korelasi Product Moment
yang digunakan adalah sebagai berikut.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 72pt;">
<span lang="ES-VE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: ES-VE; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-text-raise: -22.0pt; position: relative; top: 22.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1033" type="#_x0000_t75"
style='width:228.75pt;height:44.25pt' o:ole="">
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image082.wmz"
o:title=""/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img border="0" height="59" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image083.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1033" width="305" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.3" ShapeID="_x0000_i1033"
DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1418677320">
</o:OLEObject>
</xml><![endif]--></span><span lang="ES-VE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: ES-VE; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 72pt;">
<span lang="ES-VE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: ES-VE; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Keterangan:<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt;">
<span lang="ES-VE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: ES-VE; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-text-raise: -7.0pt; position: relative; top: 7.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1034" type="#_x0000_t75"
style='width:26.25pt;height:18.75pt' o:ole="">
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image084.wmz"
o:title=""/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img border="0" height="25" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image085.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1034" width="35" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.3" ShapeID="_x0000_i1034"
DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1418677322">
</o:OLEObject>
</xml><![endif]--></span><span lang="ES-VE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: ES-VE; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">korelasi antara skor tes pertama dengan skor tes ke
dua.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">4)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Metode
Belah Dua</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> <b>(<i>split half methods)</i><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Metode belah dua adalah pengetes
(tester) hanya menggunakan satu set tes dicobakan satu kali. Cara
mengkorelasikan antara lain:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">(a)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Skor
butir tes bernomor ganjil dengan butir tes bernomor genap. Untuk itu dianjurkan
menggunakan rumus formula Flanagan sebagai berikut.<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-text-raise: -16.0pt; position: relative; top: 16.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1035" type="#_x0000_t75"
style='width:114pt;height:38.25pt' o:ole="">
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image086.wmz"
o:title=""/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img border="0" height="51" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image087.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1035" width="152" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.3" ShapeID="_x0000_i1035"
DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1418677323">
</o:OLEObject>
</xml><![endif]--><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Keterangan:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> <span style="mso-text-raise: -5.0pt; position: relative; top: 5.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1036" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:23.25pt;height:18pt' o:ole="">
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image088.wmz"
o:title=""/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img border="0" height="24" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image089.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1036" width="31" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.3" ShapeID="_x0000_i1036"
DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1418677324">
</o:OLEObject>
</xml><![endif]--></span> = Varian skor
butir tes ganjil<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> <span style="mso-text-raise: -5.0pt; position: relative; top: 5.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1037" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:23.25pt;height:18pt' o:ole="">
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image090.wmz"
o:title=""/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img border="0" height="24" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image091.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1037" width="31" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.3" ShapeID="_x0000_i1037"
DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1418677325">
</o:OLEObject>
</xml><![endif]--></span> = Varian skor
butir tes genap<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> <span style="mso-text-raise: -6.0pt; position: relative; top: 6.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1038" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:25.5pt;height:18.75pt'
o:ole="">
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image092.wmz"
o:title=""/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img border="0" height="25" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image093.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1038" width="34" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.3" ShapeID="_x0000_i1038"
DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1418677326">
</o:OLEObject>
</xml><![endif]--></span> = Varian skor
butir tes ganjil dan genap<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 72pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">(b)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Antara
skor butir tes belahan awal dan belahan akhir. Untuk ini dianjurkan menggunakan
rumus formula Rufon sebagai berikut.<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-text-raise: -15.0pt; position: relative; top: 15.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1039" type="#_x0000_t75"
style='width:68.25pt;height:36pt' o:ole="">
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image094.wmz"
o:title=""/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img border="0" height="48" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image095.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1039" width="91" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.3" ShapeID="_x0000_i1039"
DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1418677327">
</o:OLEObject>
</xml><![endif]--><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Keterangan:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> d=
perbedaan (selisih) antara skor belahan awal dan belahan akhir<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> <span style="mso-text-raise: -6.0pt; position: relative; top: 6.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1040" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:23.25pt;height:18.75pt'
o:ole="">
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image096.wmz"
o:title=""/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img border="0" height="25" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image097.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1040" width="31" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.3" ShapeID="_x0000_i1040"
DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1418677328">
</o:OLEObject>
</xml><![endif]--></span> = varian beda<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> <span style="mso-text-raise: -6.0pt; position: relative; top: 6.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1041" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:25.5pt;height:18.75pt'
o:ole="">
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image098.wmz"
o:title=""/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img border="0" height="25" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image099.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1041" width="34" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.3" ShapeID="_x0000_i1041"
DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1418677329">
</o:OLEObject>
</xml><![endif]--></span> = varian
total<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Hasil korelasi
tersebut baru merupakan reliabilitas separo tes. Oleh karenanya, untuk
koefesien reliabilitas seluruh tes digunakan rumus sebagai berikut.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-text-raise: -27.0pt; position: relative; top: 27.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1042" type="#_x0000_t75"
style='width:72.75pt;height:60pt' o:ole="">
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image100.wmz"
o:title=""/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img border="0" height="80" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image101.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1042" width="97" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.3" ShapeID="_x0000_i1042"
DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1418677330">
</o:OLEObject>
</xml><![endif]--></span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Keterangan:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> <i>r</i><sub>1.1</sub> = koefesien reliabilitas seluruh butir tes<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> <span style="mso-text-raise: -12.0pt; position: relative; top: 12.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1043" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:32.25pt;height:31.5pt'
o:ole="">
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image102.wmz"
o:title=""/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img border="0" height="42" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image103.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1043" width="43" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.3" ShapeID="_x0000_i1043"
DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1418677332">
</o:OLEObject>
</xml><![endif]--></span> = koefesien
korelasi antara skor setiap belahan<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Cara Membelah dengan Teknik
Ganjil-Genap dan Awal-Akhir<!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1044"
type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:396.75pt;height:146.25pt' o:ole="">
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image104.emz"
o:title=""/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img border="0" height="195" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image105.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1044" width="529" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Excel.Sheet.12" ShapeID="_x0000_i1044"
DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1418677333">
</o:OLEObject>
</xml><![endif]--><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Keterangan:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Belahan ganjil meliputi butir tes
nomor : 1,3,5,7 dan 9<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Belahan genap meliputi butir tes
nomor : 2,4,6,8 dan 10<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Belahan awal meliputi butir tes
nomor : 1,2,3,4 dan 5<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Belahan akhir meliputi butir tes nomor : 6,7,8,9 dan 10<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">5)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Metode
<i>internal consistency</i><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Metode
internal consistency hanya memerlukan satu kali penyajian test saja (dikenal
dengan nama single-trial administration) dank arena itu masalah-masalah yang
timbul akibat penyajian yang berulang dapat dihindari. Salah satu prosedur
dalam metode internal consistency yang sangat popular adalah yang menghasilkan
estimasi reliabilitas split-half (belah dua). Tes yang akan diestimasi
reliabilitasnya dibelah menjadi dua bagian yang diusahakan parallel. Pembelahan
ini dilakukan setelah keseluruhan test sebagai kesatuan dikenakan pada para
subjek. Kemudian dapat diperoleh distribusi skor amatan subjek untuk belahan
pertama dan belahan kedua. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">a.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Spearman Brown Formula<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Apabila
terdapat alasan kuat untuk menganggap belahan 1 dan 2 adalah parallel, maka
estimasi reliabilitas keseluruhan test X, yaitu </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>r</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>xx</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:14.25pt;height:16.5pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image106.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="22" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image107.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="19" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> , dapat dilakukan dengan formula
Sprearman-Brown pada koefisien korelasi antara skor pada belahan 1 dan 2,
dengan rumusan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt; text-indent: 36pt;">
<!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>r</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>xx</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><m:r>'</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:16.5pt;height:16.5pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image108.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="22" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image109.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="22" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> = </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>r</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>XX</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><m:r>'</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:18pt;height:16.5pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image110.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="22" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image111.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="24" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">=</span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:f><m:fPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>r</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>12</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:num><m:den><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>1+</m:r></span></i><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>r</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>12</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:den></m:f></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -10.5pt; position: relative; top: 10.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75"
style='width:23.25pt;height:24pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image112.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="32" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image113.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="31" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Dimana
:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>r</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>XX</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:16.5pt;height:16.5pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image114.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="22" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image115.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="22" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> = Koefisien reliabilitas keseluruhan test X<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>r</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>12</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:14.25pt;height:16.5pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image116.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="22" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image117.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="19" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> = Koefisien korelasi antara kedua belahan<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">b.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Formula Rulon<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Rulon (1939) mengetengahkan suatu teknik
estimasi reliabilitas belah dua tanpa perlu berasumsi bahwa kedua belahan
mempunyai varians yang sama. Varians yang perlu diperhitungkan dalam teknik ini
adalah varians kesalahan. Menurut Rulon, varians distribusi perbedaan skor pada
belahan-belahan tes seluruhnya ditentukan oleh varians kesalahan masing-masing
belahan ini bersama-sama membentuk varians kesalahan tes keseluruhan, karena
itu varians distribusi perbedaan dapat dipakai guna mengestimasi reliabilitas
tes. Estimasi reliabilitas dapat dilakukan dengan menggunakan formula berikut:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:Symbol;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Cambria Math";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family:Symbol'><span
style='mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family:Symbol'>r</span></span></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>xx</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><m:r>'</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -7.5pt; position: relative; top: 7.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:18.75pt;height:18pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image118.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="24" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image119.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="25" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">= 1-</span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r> </m:r></span></i><m:f><m:fPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><m:sSubSup><m:sSubSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubSupPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>S</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>d</m:r></span></i></m:sub><m:sup><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sup></m:sSubSup></m:num><m:den><m:sSubSup><m:sSubSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubSupPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>S</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>x</m:r></span></i></m:sub><m:sup><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sup></m:sSubSup></m:den></m:f></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -10.5pt; position: relative; top: 10.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75"
style='width:12pt;height:27pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image120.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="36" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image121.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="16" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Dimana:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:Symbol;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Cambria Math";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family:Symbol'><span
style='mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family:Symbol'>r</span></span></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>xx</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><m:r>'</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr
m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>= </m:r></span></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -7.5pt; position: relative; top: 7.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:33.75pt;height:18pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image122.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="24" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image123.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="45" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">koefisien reliabilitas
tes X<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSubSup><m:sSubSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubSupPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>S</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>d</m:r></span></i></m:sub><m:sup><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sup></m:sSubSup></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:12.75pt;height:16.5pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image124.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="22" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image125.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="17" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> = Varians distribusi perbedaan skor kedua
belahan<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSubSup><m:sSubSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubSupPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>S</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>x</m:r></span></i></m:sub><m:sup><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sup></m:sSubSup></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:12.75pt;height:16.5pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image126.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="22" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image127.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="17" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> = Varians distribusi skor total</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">c.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Koefisien Alpha<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Apabila
distribusi skor pada belahan 1 dan 2 tidak memiliki varians yang sama atau
tidak cukup alasan untuk menganggap kedua belahan tersebut parallel, maka
estimasi keseluruhan tes dapat diperoleh dengan menggunakan koefisien alpha (Cronbach,
1951). Rumus untuk menghitung koefisien alpha, yaitu :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>α</m:r></span></i><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr
m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>=</m:r></span><m:f><m:fPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr
m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>2</m:r></span><m:d><m:dPr><m:begChr
m:val="["/><m:endChr m:val="]"/><span style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:
12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:dPr><m:e><m:sSubSup><m:sSubSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubSupPr><m:e><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr
m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>S</m:r></span></m:e><m:sub><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr
m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>x </m:r></span></m:sub><m:sup><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr
m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>2</m:r></span></m:sup></m:sSubSup><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr
m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>-</m:r></span><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr
m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr> (</m:r></span><m:sSubSup><m:sSubSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubSupPr><m:e><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr
m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>S</m:r></span></m:e><m:sub><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr
m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>1</m:r></span></m:sub><m:sup><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr
m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>2</m:r></span></m:sup></m:sSubSup><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr
m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>+</m:r></span><m:sSubSup><m:sSubSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubSupPr><m:e><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr
m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>S</m:r></span></m:e><m:sub><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr
m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>2</m:r></span></m:sub><m:sup><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr
m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>2</m:r></span></m:sup></m:sSubSup><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr
m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>)</m:r></span></m:e></m:d></m:num><m:den><m:sSubSup><m:sSubSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubSupPr><m:e><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr
m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>S</m:r></span></m:e><m:sub><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr
m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>x</m:r></span></m:sub><m:sup><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr
m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>2</m:r></span></m:sup></m:sSubSup></m:den></m:f></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -10.5pt; position: relative; top: 10.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75"
style='width:84.75pt;height:27pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image128.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="36" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image129.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="113" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Keterangan :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt;">
<!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSubSup><m:sSubSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubSupPr><m:e><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr
m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>S</m:r></span></m:e><m:sub><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr
m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>1</m:r></span></m:sub><m:sup><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr
m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>2</m:r></span></m:sup></m:sSubSup></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:12pt;height:16.5pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image130.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="22" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image131.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="16" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> = varians skor subjek pada belahan j;j = 1,2<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt;">
<!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSubSup><m:sSubSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubSupPr><m:e><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr
m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>S</m:r></span></m:e><m:sub><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr
m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>x</m:r></span></m:sub><m:sup><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr
m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>2</m:r></span></m:sup></m:sSubSup></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:12pt;height:16.5pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image132.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="22" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image133.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="16" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> = varians skor pada keseluruhan test X<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt;">
<!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>α</m:r></span></i></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:7.5pt;height:16.5pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image134.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="22" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image135.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="10" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> = Koefisien reliabilitas alpha<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Koefisien
alpha akan memberikan nilai yang lebih kecil atau sama besar dengan nilai
reliabilitas yang sebenarnya (</span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>r</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>xx</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast'><m:r>'</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:16.5pt;height:16.5pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image108.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="22" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image109.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="22" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">). Jadi akan slalu ada
kemungkinan bahwa reliabilitas tes yang sebenarnya adalah lebih tinggi daripada
koefisien alpha.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> Nilai </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>r</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>xx</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast'><m:r>'</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:16.5pt;height:16.5pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image108.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="22" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image109.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="22" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> yang dihitung dengan formula Spearman-Brown
dan nilai yang diperoleh dengan koefisien alpha akan tinggi apabila korelasi
antara kedua belahan tes juga tinggi, sebaliknya apabila kedua belahan tes
berkorelasi rendah maka </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>r</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>xx</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast'><m:r>'</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:16.5pt;height:16.5pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image108.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="22" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image109.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="22" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> dan koefisien alpha juga akan rendah. Jadi,
reliabilitas <i>Spearman-Brown</i> dan
koefisien alpha dapat dianggap sebagai indeks <i>internal-consistency </i>atau indeks homogenitas tes.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> Pembelahan tes tidak terbatas pada membelah tes menjadi
dua belahan saja. Adalah mungkin untuk untuk membelah tes menjadi lebih dari
dua komponen atau dua belahan. Formula koefisien alpha dapat digunakan untuk
estimasi tes yang dibelah menjadi J komponen dengan menghitung varians skor
tiap-tiap belahan serta varians skor
total. Formula dimaksud akan menghasilkan estimasi reliabilitas yang baik hanya
bila isi tes yang bersangkutan homogeny, yaitu mengukur trait tunggal. Formula
umum koefisien alpha untuk belahan yang lebih besar dari, yaitu:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">a</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> = </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:f><m:fPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>J</m:r></span></i></m:num><m:den><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>J</m:r></span></i></m:den></m:f><m:d><m:dPr><m:begChr
m:val="["/><m:endChr m:val="]"/><span style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:
12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:dPr><m:e><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>1</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast'><m:r>-</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r> </m:r></span></i><m:f><m:fPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:Symbol;mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family:Symbol'><span
style='mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family:Symbol'>S</span></span></i><m:sSubSup><m:sSubSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubSupPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>S</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>i</m:r></span></i></m:sub><m:sup><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sup></m:sSubSup></m:num><m:den><m:sSubSup><m:sSubSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubSupPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>S</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>x</m:r></span></i></m:sub><m:sup><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sup></m:sSubSup></m:den></m:f></m:e></m:d></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -10.5pt; position: relative; top: 10.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75"
style='width:53.25pt;height:27pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image136.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="36" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image137.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="71" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Dimana :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt;">
<!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSubSup><m:sSubSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubSupPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>S</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>x</m:r></span></i></m:sub><m:sup><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sup></m:sSubSup></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:12.75pt;height:16.5pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image126.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="22" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image127.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="17" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> = Varians skor subjek pada keseluruhan tes X
yang terbagi atas J belahan <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt;">
<!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSubSup><m:sSubSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubSupPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>S</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>i</m:r></span></i></m:sub><m:sup><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sup></m:sSubSup></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:12.75pt;height:17.25pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image138.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="23" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image139.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="17" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> = Varians skor subjek pada belahan ke j;j =
1,2,3,…J.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">J = Banyaknya belahan<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">d.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Formula Kuder-Richardson</span></i></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> (KR 20 dan KR 21)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Jika setiap komponen atau belahan tes merupakan butir yang
diberi skor dikotomi (dichotomous), yaitu terdiri atas angka 0 dan 1, maka
formula alpha akan mengambil bentuk khusus sebagai formula Kuder-Richardson-20
(KR-20, 1973) yang disebut juga koefisien a – 20 (Cronbach, 1951) (Harun dan
Mansur).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">KR
– 20 = </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:f><m:fPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>J</m:r></span></i></m:num><m:den><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>J</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>-</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>1</m:r></span></i></m:den></m:f><m:d><m:dPr><m:begChr
m:val="["/><m:endChr m:val="]"/><span style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:
12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:dPr><m:e><m:f><m:fPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>1</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>-</m:r></span></i><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>⅀</m:r></span></i><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>P</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>1</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>(1</m:r></span></i><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>-</m:r></span></i><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>P</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>1</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>)</m:r></span></i></m:num><m:den><m:sSup><m:sSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSupPr><m:e><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>S</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sup><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sup></m:sSup><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>x</m:r></span></i></m:den></m:f></m:e></m:d></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -10.5pt; position: relative; top: 10.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75"
style='width:79.5pt;height:24.75pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image140.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="33" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image141.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="106" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Dimana:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>P</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>1</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:11.25pt;height:16.5pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image142.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="22" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image143.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="15" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> = proporsi subjek yang mendapat skor 1
pada butir i, yaitu banyaknya subjek mendapat skor 1 dibagi dengan banyaknya
seluruh subjek.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSup><m:sSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSupPr><m:e><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>S</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sup><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sup></m:sSup><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>x</m:r></span></i></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:19.5pt;height:16.5pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image144.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="22" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image145.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="26" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> = varians skor tes X<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">J = banyaknya
butir tes, dalam hal ini adalah banyaknya butir tes.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Selanjutnya Kuder dan Richardson merumuskan pula formulanya
guna menghitung reliabilitas tes yang terdiri dari item dikotomi, dengan
menggunakan rata-rata proporsi subjek yang mendapat skor 1. Rumus ini dikenal
dengan nama formula Kuder-Richardson-21.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_s1027" type="#_x0000_t32" style='position:absolute;left:0;
text-align:left;margin-left:157.35pt;margin-top:1.45pt;width:6pt;height:0;
z-index:251661312' o:connectortype="straight"/><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><span style="height: 2px; left: 0px; margin-left: 209px; margin-top: 1px; mso-ignore: vglayout; position: absolute; width: 10px; z-index: 251661312;"><img height="2" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image146.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_s1027" width="10" /></span><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_s1026"
type="#_x0000_t32" style='position:absolute;left:0;text-align:left;
margin-left:131.1pt;margin-top:1.45pt;width:6pt;height:0;z-index:251660288'
o:connectortype="straight"/><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><span style="height: 2px; left: 0px; margin-left: 174px; margin-top: 1px; mso-ignore: vglayout; position: absolute; width: 10px; z-index: 251660288;"><img height="2" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image146.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_s1026" width="10" /></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">KR – 21 = </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:f><m:fPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>J</m:r></span></i></m:num><m:den><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>J</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>-</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>1</m:r></span></i></m:den></m:f><m:d><m:dPr><m:begChr
m:val="["/><m:endChr m:val="]"/><span style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:
12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:dPr><m:e><m:f><m:fPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>1</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>-</m:r></span></i><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>JP</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>(1</m:r></span></i><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>-</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>P</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>)</m:r></span></i></m:num><m:den><m:sSup><m:sSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSupPr><m:e><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>S</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sup><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sup></m:sSup><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>x</m:r></span></i></m:den></m:f></m:e></m:d></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -10.5pt; position: relative; top: 10.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75"
style='width:71.25pt;height:24.75pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image147.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="33" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image148.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="95" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_s1028" type="#_x0000_t32" style='position:absolute;left:0;
text-align:left;margin-left:-1.65pt;margin-top:20.1pt;width:9pt;height:0;
z-index:251662336' o:connectortype="straight"/><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><span style="height: 2px; left: 0px; margin-left: -3px; margin-top: 26px; mso-ignore: vglayout; position: absolute; width: 14px; z-index: 251662336;"><img height="2" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image149.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_s1028" width="14" /></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Dimana:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">P = rata-rata
proporsi subjek yang mendapat skor 1 pada butir I, atau jumlah seluruh nilai </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>P</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>1</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:11.25pt;height:16.5pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image142.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="22" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image143.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="15" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> dibagi dengan banyaknya
butir.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSup><m:sSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSupPr><m:e><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>S</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sup><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sup></m:sSup><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>x</m:r></span></i></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:19.5pt;height:16.5pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image144.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="22" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image145.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="26" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> = varians skor tes
X<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">J = banyaknya
belahan tes, dalam hal ini adalah banyaknya item tes.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Tampak hasil koefisien reliabilitas yang diperoleh dengan
menggunakan formula KR-20 dan KR-21. Kelihatannya bahwa menggunakan formula
KR-20 memberikan koefisien reliabilitas yang lebih tinggi jika dibandingkan
dengan menggunakan formula KR-21.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Jika taraf kesukaran butir-butir (</span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>P</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>1</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:11.25pt;height:16.5pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image142.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="22" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image143.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="15" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">) dalam tes adalah sama, maka formula KR-20 dan KR-21 akan
menghasilkan estimasi reliabilitas yang identik. Perbedaan taraf kesukaran
butir menyebabkan koefisien KR-21 lebih rendah daripada KR-20 dan merupakan
underestimasi terhadap reliabilitas tes yang sesungguhnya.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">e.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Formula Krisoff</span></i></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> untuk tes belah tiga<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Kadang-kadang prosedur single trial administration sering
ditemui kasus dimana jumlah item tes tidak memungkinkan untuk dibagi dua atau
ganjil. Agar tes tersebut dapat dihitung reliabilitasnya, kadang-kadang
diperlukan untuk membagi menjadi tiga bagian. Tentunya setiap bagian tes
diasumsikan memiliki isi yang homogeny (congeneric). Untuk dapat menghitung
koefisien reliabilitas, Kristoff (1974) (Harun dan Mansur) merumuskan formula
dengan melakukan estimasi terhadap varians skor murni terlebih dahulu, kemudian
menghitung reliabilitasnya. Estimasi varians dapat dilakukan dengan menggunakan
rumus,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSup><m:sSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSupPr><m:e><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>S</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>t</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:e><m:sup><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sup></m:sSup></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:15.75pt;height:17.25pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image150.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="23" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image151.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="21" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> = </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:f><m:fPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>S</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>12</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>+
</m:r></span></i><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>S</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>13</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:num><m:den><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>S</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>23</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:den></m:f><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>+</m:r></span></i><m:f><m:fPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>S</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>12</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>+
</m:r></span></i><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>S</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>23</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:num><m:den><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>S</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>13</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:den></m:f><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>+</m:r></span></i><m:f><m:fPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>S</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>13</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>+
</m:r></span></i><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>S</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>23</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:num><m:den><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>S</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>12</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:den></m:f></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -10.5pt; position: relative; top: 10.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75"
style='width:130.5pt;height:24pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image152.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="32" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image153.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="174" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Keterangan:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSup><m:sSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSupPr><m:e><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>S</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>t</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:e><m:sup><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sup></m:sSup></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:15.75pt;height:17.25pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image150.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="23" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image151.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="21" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> = varians skor murni<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>S</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>JK</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -7.0pt; position: relative; top: 7.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:16.5pt;height:17.25pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image154.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="23" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image155.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="22" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> = kovarians belahan j dan belahan k<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Kemudian estimasi koefisien reliabilitas digunakan rumus
berikut. </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>ρ</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>xx</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>'</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:18.75pt;height:16.5pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image156.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="22" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image157.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="25" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">= </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:f><m:fPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><m:sSup><m:sSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSupPr><m:e><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>S</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>t</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:e><m:sup><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sup></m:sSup></m:num><m:den><m:sSup><m:sSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSupPr><m:e><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>S</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>x</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:e><m:sup><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sup></m:sSup></m:den></m:f></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -10.5pt; position: relative; top: 10.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75"
style='width:13.5pt;height:26.25pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image158.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="35" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image159.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="18" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">f.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Pendekatan
<i>analisis Varians</i><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Di samping menggunakan teknik-teknik korelasi, reliabilitas
tes dapat diestimasi melalui pendekatan analisis varians yang antara lain
diusulkan oleh Hoyt (1941) (Harun dan Mansur). Konsep dalam analisis Hyot
adalah dengan memperhatikan distribusi butir keseluruhan subjek sebagai data
yang diperoleh dari desain eksperimen factorial dua jalur tanpa replikasi, yang
dikenal pula sebagai item <i>by subject
design</i>. Setiap butir dianggap seakan suatu<i> treatmen </i>atau perlakuan yang berbeda sehingga setiap kali subject
dihadapkan pada suatu butir seakan-akan ia berada pada suatu perlakuan yang
berbeda. Dengan demikian banyaknya butir sama dengan banyaknya perlakuan. Untuk
menghitung koefisien reliabilitas dengan metode s Hyot adalah:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>ρ</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>xx</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>'</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:18.75pt;height:16.5pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image156.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="22" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image157.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="25" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">= </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:f><m:fPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>MK</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>is</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:num><m:den><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>MK</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>s</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:den></m:f></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -10.5pt; position: relative; top: 10.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75"
style='width:20.25pt;height:24pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image160.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="32" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image161.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="27" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Dimana:
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>MK</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>is</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:25.5pt;height:16.5pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image162.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="22" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image163.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="34" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> = rata-rata kuadrat interaksi butir dengan
subjek<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>MK</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>s</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:22.5pt;height:16.5pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image164.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="22" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image165.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="30" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> = rata-rata kuadrat antar subjek<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Rata-rata kuadrat (MK) dapat dihitung dengan rumus,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Mkis = </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:f><m:fPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><m:sSup><m:sSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSupPr><m:e><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>⅀</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>i</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sup><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sup></m:sSup><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>-</m:r></span></i><m:f><m:fPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>⅀</m:r></span></i><m:sSup><m:sSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSupPr><m:e><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>X</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sup><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sup></m:sSup></m:num><m:den><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>k</m:r></span></i></m:den></m:f><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>-</m:r></span></i><m:f><m:fPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>⅀</m:r></span></i><m:sSup><m:sSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSupPr><m:e><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>Y</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sup><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sup></m:sSup></m:num><m:den><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>n</m:r></span></i></m:den></m:f><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>+</m:r></span></i><m:f><m:fPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>(</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>⅀</m:r></span></i><m:sSup><m:sSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSupPr><m:e><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>i</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sup><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sup></m:sSup><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>)</m:r></span></i></m:num><m:den><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>nk</m:r></span></i></m:den></m:f></m:num><m:den><m:d><m:dPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:dPr><m:e><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>n</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>-</m:r></span></i><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>1</m:r></span></i></m:e></m:d><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>(</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>k</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>-</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>1)</m:r></span></i></m:den></m:f></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -10.5pt; position: relative; top: 10.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75"
style='width:80.25pt;height:32.25pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image166.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="43" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image167.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="107" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Mkis = </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:f><m:fPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><m:f><m:fPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>⅀</m:r></span></i><m:sSup><m:sSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSupPr><m:e><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>X</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sup><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sup></m:sSup></m:num><m:den><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>k</m:r></span></i></m:den></m:f><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>-</m:r></span></i><m:f><m:fPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>(</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>⅀</m:r></span></i><m:sSup><m:sSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSupPr><m:e><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>i</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sup><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sup></m:sSup><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>)</m:r></span></i></m:num><m:den><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>nk</m:r></span></i></m:den></m:f></m:num><m:den><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>(</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>n</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>-</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>1)</m:r></span></i></m:den></m:f></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -10.5pt; position: relative; top: 10.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75"
style='width:39pt;height:32.25pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image168.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="43" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image169.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="52" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Dimana:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">i = skor
subjek pada butir ke-i<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">X = jumlah skor
subjek pada seluruh butir<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Y = jumlah skor
seluruh subjek pada satu butir<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">k = banyaknya
butir<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">n = banyaknya
subjek<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">hasil yang diperoleh dengan metode
ini, hampir sama dengan koefisien reliabilitas jika kita yang dihitung dengan
formula KR-20. Untuk butir dikotomi secara aljabar reliabilitas Hyot adalah
identik dengan KR-20.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt; text-indent: 36pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">g.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Reliabilitas
belah dua dengan panjang berbeda<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Dalam melakukan pembagian tes menjadi dua bagian,
kadang-kadang jumlah butir kedua bagian tersebut tidak sama, akibatnya kita
tidak dapat menghitung estimasi reliabilitas dengan formula yang telah
dijelaskan sebelumnya, oleh karena asumsi t-equivalent tak terpenuhi. Untuk
mengatasi permasalahan tersebut, Feldt (1975) (Harun dan Mansur) memberikan
suatu formula dengan rumusan:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>ρ</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>xx</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>'</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:18.75pt;height:16.5pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image156.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="22" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image157.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="25" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> = </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:f><m:fPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>4</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>s</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>12</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:num><m:den><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><m:sSup><m:sSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSupPr><m:e><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>S</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sup><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sup></m:sSup></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>x</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>-</m:r></span></i><m:f><m:fPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>(</m:r></span></i><m:sSup><m:sSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSupPr><m:e><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>S</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>1</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sup><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sup></m:sSup><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>-</m:r></span></i><m:sSup><m:sSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSupPr><m:e><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>S</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sup><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sup></m:sSup></m:num><m:den><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><m:sSup><m:sSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSupPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>S</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sup><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sup></m:sSup></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>x</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:den></m:f></m:den></m:f></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -18.0pt; position: relative; top: 18.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75"
style='width:54.75pt;height:31.5pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image170.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="42" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image171.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="73" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Dimana:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>ρ</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>xx</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>'</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:18.75pt;height:16.5pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image156.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="22" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image157.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="25" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> = Reliabilitas tes<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>S</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>12</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:15.75pt;height:16.5pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image172.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="22" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image173.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="21" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> = kovarians belahan 1 dan 2 <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSup><m:sSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSupPr><m:e><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>S</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>1</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sup><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sup></m:sSup></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:18.75pt;height:16.5pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image174.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="22" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image175.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="25" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> = varians belahan
j,j = 1.2<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><m:sSup><m:sSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSupPr><m:e><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>S</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sup><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sup></m:sSup></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>x</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:18pt;height:16.5pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image176.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="22" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image177.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="24" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> = varians skor
total x<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">h.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Persamaan
Hoyt<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Rumusnya
<!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1045" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:144.75pt;
height:30.75pt' o:ole="">
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image178.wmz"
o:title=""/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img border="0" height="41" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image179.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1045" width="193" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.3" ShapeID="_x0000_i1045"
DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1418677339">
</o:OLEObject>
</xml><![endif]--><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Keterangan:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">r<sub>11 = </sub>reliabilitas seluruh soal<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Vr = varians responden<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Vs = varians sisa<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Untuk
mencari reliabilitas suatu soal dilakukan dengan langkah-langkah sebagai
berikut.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Langkah 1</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">.
Mencari jumlah kuadrat responden dengan rumus:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<sub><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-text-raise: -12.0pt; position: relative; top: 12.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1046" type="#_x0000_t75"
style='width:129pt;height:50.25pt' o:ole="">
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image180.wmz"
o:title=""/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img border="0" height="67" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image181.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1046" width="172" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.3" ShapeID="_x0000_i1046"
DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1418677340">
</o:OLEObject>
</xml><![endif]--></span></sub><sub><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></sub></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Keterangan:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Jk<sub>(r)</sub> = jumlah kuadrat responden<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">X<sub>t</sub> = skoe total tiap responden<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">k = banyaknya item<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">N = banyaknya responden atau subyek<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Langkah 2</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">.
Mencari jumlah kuadrat item dengan rumus:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<sub><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1047" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:120.75pt;height:36.75pt'
o:ole="">
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image182.wmz"
o:title=""/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img border="0" height="49" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image183.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1047" width="161" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.3" ShapeID="_x0000_i1047"
DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1418677341">
</o:OLEObject>
</xml><![endif]--><o:p></o:p></span></sub></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Keterangan:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Jk<sub>(i)</sub> = jumlah kuadrat item<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">∑B<sup>2</sup> = jumlah kuadrat jawab benar seluruh item<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">(∑X<sub>t</sub>)<sup>2</sup> = kuadrat dari jumlah skor total.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Langkah 3</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">.
Mencari jumlah kuadrat total dengan rumus:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1048" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:107.25pt;height:38.25pt'
o:ole="">
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image184.wmz"
o:title=""/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img border="0" height="51" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image185.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1048" width="143" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.3" ShapeID="_x0000_i1048"
DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1418677342">
</o:OLEObject>
</xml><![endif]--><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Keterangan:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Jk<sub>(t)</sub> = jumlah kuadrat total<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">∑B = jumlah jawab benar seluruh item<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">∑S = jumlah jawab salah seluruh item<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Langkah 4</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">.
Mencari jumlah kuadrat sisa, dengan rumus:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Jk<sub>(s)
</sub>= Jk<sub>(t)</sub>- Jk<sub>(r)</sub>- Jk<sub>(i)</sub><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Langkah 5</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">.
Mencari varians responden dan varians sisa dengan
tabel
F<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Dalam
mencari varians ini diperlukan d.b (derajat kebebasan) dari masing-masing
sumber varians kemudian d.b ini digunakan sebagai penyebut terhadap setiap
jumlah kuadrat untuk memperoleh variansi<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">d.b
= banyaknya N setiap sumber variansi dikurangi 1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">jadi
variansi = </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:f><m:fPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>jumla</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>h</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r> </m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>kuadrat</m:r></span></i></m:num><m:den><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>d</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>.</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>b</m:r></span></i></m:den></m:f></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -9.0pt; position: relative; top: 9.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:68.25pt;height:23.25pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image186.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="31" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image187.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="91" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">langkah
6. Memasukkan ke dalam rumus r<sub>11</sub></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">i.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Persamaan
<i>product moment</i><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-text-raise: -21.0pt; position: relative; top: 21.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1049"
type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:119.25pt;height:42.75pt' o:ole="">
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image023.wmz"
o:title=""/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img border="0" height="57" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image188.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1049" width="159" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.3" ShapeID="_x0000_i1049"
DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1418677344">
</o:OLEObject>
</xml><![endif]--></span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Rumus korelasi produk moment<i> </i>dengan angka besar<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-text-raise: -18.0pt; position: relative; top: 18.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1050" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:264pt;height:44.25pt' o:ole="">
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image189.wmz"
o:title=""/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img border="0" height="59" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image190.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1050" width="352" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.3" ShapeID="_x0000_i1050"
DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1418677345">
</o:OLEObject>
</xml><![endif]--></span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Keterangan<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">r<sub>xy</sub> = Koefisien korelasi antara variable x
dan y. (x=X-<span style="mso-text-raise: -2.0pt; position: relative; top: 2.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1051" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:13.5pt;height:15pt' o:ole="">
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image027.wmz"
o:title=""/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img border="0" height="20" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image028.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1051" width="18" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.3" ShapeID="_x0000_i1051"
DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1418677346">
</o:OLEObject>
</xml><![endif]--></span>dan y=Y-<span style="mso-text-raise: -2.0pt; position: relative; top: 2.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1052" type="#_x0000_t75"
style='width:12pt;height:15pt' o:ole="">
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image029.wmz"
o:title=""/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img border="0" height="20" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image030.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1052" width="16" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.3" ShapeID="_x0000_i1052"
DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1418677347">
</o:OLEObject>
</xml><![endif]--><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-text-raise: -7.0pt; position: relative; top: 7.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1053"
type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:20.25pt;height:18.75pt' o:ole="">
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image031.wmz"
o:title=""/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img border="0" height="25" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image032.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1053" width="27" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.3" ShapeID="_x0000_i1053"
DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1418677348">
</o:OLEObject>
</xml><![endif]--></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> =
Jumlah perkalian x dan y<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">x<sup>2</sup>
= Kuadrat dari x<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">y<sup>2 </sup>= kuadrat dari y<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">N = Jumlah data<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Analisis butir dalam asesmen<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">a.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Tingkat
kesukaran<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Menurut Koyan
(2011), taraf kesukaran tes adalah kesulitan ts dipandang dari kemampuan
peserta didik untuk menjawab soal tersebut, itu artinya tes tersebut akan lebih
banyak dapat dijawab benar oleh peserta didik yang pandai dan lebih banyak
dijawab salah oleh peserta didik yang bodoh. Tarf kesukaran tes yang baik
adalah antara 20% atau antara 30%-70%.<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 18pt; text-indent: 36pt;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Cara
Menghitung Tingkat Kesukaran Tes (P)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Tingkat kesukaran tes merupakan bilangan
yang menunjukkan proporsi peserta ujian yang dapat menjawab betul butir soal
tersebut. Sedangkan tingkat kesukaran peringkat tes adalah bilangan yang
menunjukkan rata-rata proporsi tes yang dapat menjawab seluruh tes tersebut.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Rumus:
Pp = </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:f><m:fPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><m:r>∑</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>P</m:r></span></i></m:num><m:den><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>n</m:r></span></i></m:den></m:f></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -9.0pt; position: relative; top: 9.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:12pt;height:23.25pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image191.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="31" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image192.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="16" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Keterangan
: <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Pp
= tingkat kesukaran perangkat tes<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> P =
tingkat kesukaran tiap butir<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> N =
banyaknya butir tes<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Tingkat
ksukaran tiap butir, dihitung dengan :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Rumus
: P = </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:f><m:fPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>nB</m:r></span></i></m:num><m:den><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>n</m:r></span></i></m:den></m:f></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -9.0pt; position: relative; top: 9.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:11.25pt;height:22.5pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image193.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="30" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image194.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="15" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Keterangan
:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> P =
tingkat kesukaran butir tes<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> nB =
banyaknya subyek yang menjawab soal dengan betul <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> n =
jumlah subyek (testee) seluruhnya<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Kriteria
tingkat kesukaran (P):<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> 0,00-0,29 = sukar<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> 0,30-0,70 =sedang <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> 0,71-1,00 = mudah<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Tes
yang baik adalah tes yang memiliki taraf kesukaran antara 0,25-0,75
(Fernandes,1984 dalam Koyan 2011).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">b.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Daya
Pembeda Tes<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Dalam Koyan (2011) daya pembeda tes
adalah kemampuan tes untuk membedakan antara peserta didik yang pandai dan
bodoh, itu artinya jika tes tersebut diberikan kepada peserta didik yang
tergolong bodoh akan lebih banyak dijawab salah. Daya pembeda tes yang baik
adalah antara 20%-80% atau antara 30%-70%. Rumus untuk menghitung tingkat daya
beda tes adalah sebagai berikut:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Dp
= </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:f><m:fPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr
m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>∑</m:r></span><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr
m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr> (P</m:r><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr
m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr><sub>A</sub></m:r></span><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr
m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>-</m:r></span><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr
m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>P</m:r><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr
m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr><sub>B</sub></m:r><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr
m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>)</m:r></span></m:num><m:den><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>n</m:r></span></i></m:den></m:f></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -9.0pt; position: relative; top: 9.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:43.5pt;height:23.25pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image195.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="31" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image196.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="58" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Dp = Daya beda tes<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">N = jumlah butir tes<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Rumus
untuk menghitung daya beda butir tes adalah sebagai berikut :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">D<sub>B</sub>
= </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:f><m:fPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>nBA</m:r></span></i></m:num><m:den><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>nA</m:r></span></i></m:den></m:f></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -9.0pt; position: relative; top: 9.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:17.25pt;height:22.5pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image197.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="30" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image198.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="23" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> - </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:f><m:fPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>nBB</m:r></span></i></m:num><m:den><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>nB</m:r></span></i></m:den></m:f></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -9.0pt; position: relative; top: 9.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:17.25pt;height:22.5pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image199.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="30" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image200.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="23" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> atau D= P<sub>A</sub> - P<sub>B<o:p></o:p></sub></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Keterangan
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">nB<sub>A</sub>=
jumlah subyek yang menjawab benar pada kelompok atas<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">nB<sub>B</sub>
=<sub> </sub>jumlah subyek yang menjawab benar pada kelompok bawah<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">n<sub>A</sub>
= jumlah subyek kelompok atas <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">n<sub>B</sub>=
jumlah subyek kelompok bawah<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Kriteria
Daya Beda (D) :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> 0,00 – 0,19 = kurang baik<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> 0,20 -0,39
= cukup baik<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> 0,40 – 0,70 = Baik<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> 0,71-1,00
= sangat baik<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">c.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Analisis
Pengecoh<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Menurut Koyan (2011)
pengecoh atau distractor yang baik adalah pengecoh yang dapat mengecoh peserta
didik, itu artinya pengecoh tersebut dipilih oleh 2 % atau 3 % dari peserta
tes. Pengecoh yang efektif ialah pengecoh yang dipilih oleh minimal 2-3% dari
pengikut tes. Berikut ini merupakan contoh cara menghitung efektivitas pengecoh
untuk 1 butir tes objektif yang memiliki 4 option a, b, c, dan d<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoTableGrid" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; margin-left: 61.85pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 83.4pt;" valign="top" width="111">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Pilihan<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.5pt;" valign="top" width="57">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">A*<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.55pt;" valign="top" width="57">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">B<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.5pt;" valign="top" width="57">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">C<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 35.45pt;" valign="top" width="47">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">D<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 1.0cm;" valign="top" width="38">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 70.85pt;" valign="top" width="94">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">*kunci<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 83.4pt;" valign="top" width="111">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Kelompok atas<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.5pt;" valign="top" width="57">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">5<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.55pt;" valign="top" width="57">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">4<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.5pt;" valign="top" width="57">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">0<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 35.45pt;" valign="top" width="47">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 1.0cm;" valign="top" width="38">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">10<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 70.85pt;" valign="top" width="94">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 83.4pt;" valign="top" width="111">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Kelompok bawah<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.5pt;" valign="top" width="57">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">3<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.55pt;" valign="top" width="57">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">3<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.5pt;" valign="top" width="57">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">0<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 35.45pt;" valign="top" width="47">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">4<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 1.0cm;" valign="top" width="38">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">10<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 70.85pt;" valign="top" width="94">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 83.4pt;" valign="top" width="111">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Jumlah<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.5pt;" valign="top" width="57">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">8<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.55pt;" valign="top" width="57">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">7<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.5pt;" valign="top" width="57">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">0<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 35.45pt;" valign="top" width="47">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">5<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 1.0cm;" valign="top" width="38">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">20<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 70.85pt;" valign="top" width="94">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Kunci jawaban betul untuk soal di atas
adalah pilihan jawaban (a). pilihan jawaban b, c, dan d sebagai pengecoh. Pada
umumnya sebuah pengecoh yang baik dapat mengundang jawaban lebih besar
jumlahnya pada peserta didik kelompok lemah, dan lebih sedikit pada kelompok
pandai. Pilihan jawabn b, sebagai pengecoh tidak efektif, sebab menarik jawaban
lebih banyak dari kelompok peserta didik pandai. Kejadian itu disebabkan karena
distractor (b) membingungkan. Pilihan jawaban c sama sekali tidak efektif,
karena tidak dapat menarik jawaban seorangpun. Pilihan jawaban d dipandang
memenuhi fungsinya, sebab dapat mengundang jawaban oleh peserta didik kelompok
pandai yang lebih sedikit.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">d.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Analisis
Butir Soal Menurut Teori Respons Butir<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Telah diuraikan diatas, bahwa analisis
butir soal yang digunakan berdasarkan pendekatan lteori tes klasik, bekerja
dengan asumsi bahwa: <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Tidak
ada toleransi antara skor yang sebenarnya dan skor kesalahan,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Sepanjang
tidak terjadi kesalahan sistematik, maka tidak ada kolerasi antara kesalahan
acak pada suatu pengukuran dengan kesalahan acak pada ulangan pengukuran,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Besarnya
rerata kesalahan acak sama dengan nol.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Penggunaan
teori klasik dalam menganalisis butir soal, memiliki beberapa kelemahan sebagai
berikut : <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Statistic
butir tes berupa tingkat kesukaran dan daya beda butir soal, sangat tergantung
pada karakteristik peserta tes. Jika kemampuan peserta rendah, maka tingkat
kesukaran butir soal akan tinggi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Etimasi
kemampuan peserta tergantung kepada butir soal yang diujikan. Bila indeks
kesukaran kecil, etimasi kemampuan sesorang akan tinggi, demikian pula
sebaliknya.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Estimasi
skor kesalahan berlaku untuk semua peserta tes. Kesalahan untuk tiap peserta
tes besarnya sama, yang dinyatakan dalam bentuk kesalahan baku pengukuran.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">4)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Tidak
ada informasi tentang respons setiap peserta ujian terhadap tiap butir soal.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">e.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Analisis
Hasil Tes dan Tindak Lanjutnya</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Bagi
para siswa, hasil tes yang diselenggarakan oleh guru mempunyai banyak kegunaan,
antara lain adalah :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Dapat
mengetahui apakah ia sudah menguasai bahan yang disajikan oleh guru,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Dapat
mengetahui bagian mana yang belum dikuasainya sehingga ia berusaha untuk
mempelajarinya lagi sebagai upaya perbaikan,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Dapat
menjadi penguatan bagi siswa yang sudah memperoleh skor tinggi dan menjadi
dorongan untuk belajar lagi,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">4)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Dapat
menjadi diagnosis bagi siswa,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Untuk dapat
memanfaatkan hasil ujian secara efektif, perlu dilakukan analisis terhadap
hasil tes/hasil ujian yang telah dicapai oleh para siswa. Caranya dengan
membuat tabel spesifikasi yang mampu menunjukkan konsep/subkonsep atau
tema/subtema kompetensi dasar mana yang belum dikuasai siswa.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Contoh tabel
spesifikasi hasil analisis hasil tes untuk mata pelajaran Biologi<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Nama Siswa : Dika Kelas :1 IA<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<table align="right" border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; margin-left: 6.75pt; margin-right: 6.75pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid black; mso-border-insidev: .5pt solid black; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-table-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-table-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-table-layout-alt: fixed; mso-table-left: right; mso-table-lspace: 9.0pt; mso-table-rspace: 9.0pt; mso-table-top: 115.35pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184;">
<tbody>
<tr style="height: 51.0pt; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0;">
<td style="border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 51.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 104.65pt;" valign="top" width="140">
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: -4.5pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: right; mso-element-top: 115.35pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Kompetensi Dasar<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 51.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 49.6pt;" valign="top" width="66">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: right; mso-element-top: 115.35pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">jumlah Butir<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 51.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 49.6pt;" valign="top" width="66">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: right; mso-element-top: 115.35pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Jumlah yang
betul<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 51.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 63.8pt;" valign="top" width="85">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: right; mso-element-top: 115.35pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Persen
pencapaian<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 51.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 63.8pt;" valign="top" width="85">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: right; mso-element-top: 115.35pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Penguasaan<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 51.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 76.25pt;" valign="top" width="102">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: right; mso-element-top: 115.35pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Keterangan<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 49.15pt; mso-yfti-irow: 1;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 49.15pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 104.65pt;" valign="top" width="140">
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 18.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: right; mso-element-top: 115.35pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l28 level1 lfo31; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Mendeskripsikan
keterampilan dasar dan keterampilan sains<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 49.15pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 49.6pt;" valign="top" width="66">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: right; mso-element-top: 115.35pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">20<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 49.15pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 49.6pt;" valign="top" width="66">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: right; mso-element-top: 115.35pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">15<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 49.15pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 63.8pt;" valign="top" width="85">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: right; mso-element-top: 115.35pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">75<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 49.15pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 63.8pt;" valign="top" width="85">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: right; mso-element-top: 115.35pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">V<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 49.15pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 76.25pt;" valign="top" width="102">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: right; mso-element-top: 115.35pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Menguasai
seluruh keterampilan dasar IPA, dan menguasai keterampilan proses IPA berupa
mentabulasi data, membuat grafik, tetapi belum menguasai proses IPA dalam hal
melakukan inferensi, prediksi, dan menentukan variabel bebas dan variabel<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: right; mso-element-top: 115.35pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 49.15pt; mso-yfti-irow: 2; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 49.15pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 104.65pt;" valign="top" width="140">
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 18.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: right; mso-element-top: 115.35pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l22 level1 lfo32; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Mengenal
langkah-langkah-langkah pemecahan masalah melalui metode eksperimen
(percobaan)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 49.15pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 49.6pt;" valign="top" width="66">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: right; mso-element-top: 115.35pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">30<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 49.15pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 49.6pt;" valign="top" width="66">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: right; mso-element-top: 115.35pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">15<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: right; mso-element-top: 115.35pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">50<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 49.15pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 63.8pt;" valign="top" width="85">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: right; mso-element-top: 115.35pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">15<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 49.15pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 76.25pt;" valign="top" width="102">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: right; mso-element-top: 115.35pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Hanya
menguasai kemampuan merumuskan tujuan dan manfaat percobaan, menentukan
treament, dan menentukan kelompok kontrol. Belum menguasai kemampuan
merumuskan persoalan, memilih hal-hal yang harus dimuat dalam tinjauan
pustaka, merumuskan hipotesis, dan menyiapkan tabel hasil percobaan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
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<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Standar
Keberhasilan : batas penguasaan 75 Sumber
: Mardapi (2004)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Berdasarkan tabel,
dampaknya Diana masih terbatas menguasai kemampuan mendeskripsikan keterampilan
dasar dan keterampilan sains dan gagal menguasai eksperimen (percobaan). Dengan
demikian, guru harus mengetahui persis dalam hal ini Diana perlu mendapat
bimbingan melalui program perbaikan atau remidi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">f.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Bentuk
Laporan<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Laporan
hasil belajar siswa yang baik seharusnya mencangkup aspek kognitif, aspek
psikomotorik, dan aspek afektif. Berikut ini macam-macam laporan (dalam Harun,
2007 :242) adalah :<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Laporan
untuk Siswa<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 76.5pt; text-indent: 31.5pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Untuk
menginformasikan hasil belajar siswa dapat diperoleh melalui ujian, kuesioner
atau angket, wawancara, atau pengamatan. Informasi hasil ujian dapat
dimanfaatkan siswa untuk :<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 94.5pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">a.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Mengetahui
kemajuan hasil belajar diri,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 94.5pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">b.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Mengetahui
konsep-konsep atau teori-teori yang belum dikuasai,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 94.5pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">c.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Memotivasi
diri untuk belajar lebih baik,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 94.5pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">d.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Memperbaiki
strategi belajar.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 94.5pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Selanjutnya dalam memberi
informasi yang akurat dapat dimanfaatkan siswa seoptimal mungkin, maka laporan
yang diberikan kepada siswa harus berisi tentang :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 94.5pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">a.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Hasil
pencapaian belajar siswa yang dinyatakan dalam bentuk kompetensi dasar yang
sudah dicapai dan belum dicapai,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 94.5pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">b.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Kekuatan
dan kelemahan siswa dalam semua mata pelajaran,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 94.5pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">c.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Minat
siswa pada masing-masing mata pelajaran.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 94.5pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Selain itu juga laporan
harus menggunakan bahasa yang dapt memotivasi siswa untuk belajar lebih
baik.Sehingga format laporan digunakan dalam istilah hasil belajar.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 76.5pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Laporan
untuk Orang tua<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 94.5pt; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Untuk
informasi hasil ujian dimanfaatkan oleh orang tua untuk memotivasi anaknya agar
hasil belajarnya lebih baik dan strategi dalam membantu anaknya belajar.
Informasi ini digunakan orang tua untuk :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 94.5pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">a.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Membantu
anaknya belajar,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 94.5pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">b.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Memotivasi
anaknya belajar,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 94.5pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">c.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Membantu
sekolah untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 94.5pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">d.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Membantu
sekolah dalam melengkapi fasilitas belajar.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 94.5pt; text-indent: 13.5pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Agar
dapat memenuhi kebutuhan orang tua dalam meningkatkan proses pembelajaran,
bentuk laporan hasil ujian harus mencangkup tiga aspek, yaitu : kognitif,
psikomotorik, dan afektif, dan meliputi : kelemahan dan kekuatan siswa,
keterampilan siswa dalam melaksanakan tugas, dan minat siswa terhadap mata
pelajaran tertentu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 76.5pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Laporan
untuk Guru dan Sekolah<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 76.5pt; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Laporan hasil ujian untuk guru dan
kepala sekolah harus mencangkup semua aspek kognitif, psikomotor, dan afektif.
Guru memerlukan informasi yang lebih global untuk masing-masing kelas yang
diajar, sedangkan kepala sekolah memerlukan informasi global untuk semua kelas
dalam satu sekolah, khususnya tentang hasil belajar.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 94.5pt;">
<br /></div>
<br />
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17377134775596586890noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2555244029002922290.post-50151316904917887642013-01-02T09:16:00.003-08:002013-01-02T09:16:45.089-08:00Validitas Asesmen<br />
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</div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Pada
sebagian orang, isu kesahihan (validitas) dan keandalan (reliabilitas) adalah
inti dari diskusi-diskusi tentang penilaian. Isu-isu teknis adalah hal penting
dalam mempertimbangkan semua bentuk penilaian termasuk yang terjadi setiap hari
di dalam kelas (AERA, APA, dan NCNM, 1999). Meskipun prinsip-prinsip yang
dianut sama namun secara operasional tampak ada perbedaan berdasarkan pada
tujuan penilaian sumatif dan formatif.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Isu
tentang validitas mengarah pada apakah penilaian mengukur atau mengungkapkan
apa yang hendak diukur. Atkin, Black, & coffey (2001) mengatakan bahwa
kesahihan memiliki dimensi termasuk tiga yang akan dibahas yakni kesahihan isi
(content validity), kesahihan konstruk ( construct validity) dan kesahihan
intruksional (intrutional validity). Kesahihan isi mengacu pada tingkatan
dimana suatu penilaian mampu mengukur area isi yang diharapkan. Kesahihan
konstruk mengacu pada tingkatan dimana penilaian mengukur konstruk teori atau
kemampuan yang diharapkan. Suatu penilaian menggambarkan kesahihan
instruksional, apabila materi atau isi sepadan dengan apa yang benar-benar
diajarkan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Penilaian
memerlukan tujuan yang sepadan dan jelas ketika mengumpulkan data, para guru
dan para siswa perlu mempertimbangkan jika informasi menunjukkan dengan teliti
apa yang mereka inginkan untuk diringkas, sesuai dengan mata pelajaran yang
diajarkan dan mencerminkan setiap konsekuensi social yang sengaja sebagai hasil
dari penilaian. Penilaian formatif yang tidak valid dapat menuju kepada
tindakan koreksi atau salah, atau tindakan yang lalai dimana hal tersebut
justru diperlukan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">A.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ciri
Umum dan Interpretasi Validitas<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Para ahli psikometri telah menetapkan kriteria bagi
suatu alat ukur psikologis untuk dapat dinyatakan sebagai alat ukur yang baik
dan mampu memberikan informasi yang sesuai dengan tujuan diadakannya suatu
pengukuran, kriterianya valid dan reliabel. Sifat reliabel dan vilid
diperhatikan oleh tingginya reabilitas dan validitas hasil ukur suatu tes.
Suatu alat ukur yang tidak realibel atau tidak vilid akan memberikan informasi
yang keliru mengenai keadaan subjek atau individu yang dikenai tes itu. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Validitas didefinisikan sebagai ukuran seberapa
cermat suatu tes melakukan fungsi ukuran. Tes hanya dapat melakukan fungsinya
dengan cermat kalau ada sesuatu yang diukurnya, untuk dikatakan vilid tes harus
mengukur sesuatu dan melakukan nya dengan cermat (Mardapi, 2004) Penekanan
definisi tersebut terletak pada seberapa cermat suatu alat ukur melakukan
fungsi ukurnya sehingga memberikan hasil ukur sesuai dengan yang hendak diukur.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Sifat vilid memberikan pengertian bahwa alat ukur
yang digunakan mampu memberikan nilai yang sungguhnya dari apa yang kita
inginkan, jika pada suatu kesempatan kita ingin memperoleh tinggi suatu meja,
penggaris merupakan alat ukur yang vilid karena dengan alat ini kita akan dapat
hasilnya.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Menggunakan alat ukur yang memang berfungsi mengukur
sesuatu aspek tetapi tidak dapat menghasilkan hasil ukur teliti akan
menimbulkan varians kesalahan. Suatu alat ukur yang validitasnya kecil sehingga
kita dapat percaya bahwa angka yang dihasilkan merupakan angka yang sebenarnya.
Inilah yang dalam <i>classical true socre
theory</i> yang artinya validitas instrinsik yaitu akar kuadrat rasio varians
skor murni dan varians skor tampak atau akar kuadrat reabilitas, </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
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<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Perlu
dipahami sebetulnya melakukan validitas terhadap interpretasi data yang
diperoleh oleh prosedur tertentu (Cronbach,1971) dalam kaitan dengan itu.
Messick (Atkin, Black & coffey, 2001) menawarkan perspektif lain mengenai
validitas definisinya dengan suatu pengujian tentang penggunaan data penilaian
dan dari sana diperoleh persyaratan teknis. Validitas digambarkan sebagai
“suatu” penetapan evaluasi terintegrasi tentang derajat bukti empiris dan dasar
teoritis yang mendukung ketercakupan dan kesesuaian tindakan dan kesimpulan
yang berdasarkan pada skor tes atau model-model lainnya.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Jadi, validitas didalam pandangannya adalah suatu <i>property</i> yang sangat penting dan berguna
dibandingkan penilaian nyata. Messick (Atkin, Black & Coffey , 2001)
menekankan pada penggunaan dari validitas pada pentingnya mempertimbangkan
konsekuensi social: “ Validitas tes dan nilai social terjalin dan bahwa
konsekuensi dari evaluasi yang sengaja dan yang tidak disengaja pada beberapa
ujian terintegrasi dengan pengesahan-pengesahan tes, penafsiran dan
penggunaan”.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 36pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 36pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">B.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Jenis
Validitas<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Validitas
isi (<i>Content Validity</i>)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: 18pt;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Content Validity </span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">(validitas
isi) suatu tes harus menjawab pertanyaan “sejauh mana butir-butir tes itu
mencakup keseluruhan kawasan yang ingin diukur oleh tes tersebut”.Prosedur
validasinya tidak melibatkan perhitungan statistik apapun. Terdapat dua macam
tipe content validity, yaitu f<i>ace
validity </i>dan<i> logical validity.<o:p></o:p></i></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: 18pt;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Face Validity</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">
tercapai apabila pemeriksaan terhadap item-item tes memberi kesimpulan bahwa
tes tersebut mengukur aspek yang relavan. Dasar penyimpulannya lebih banyak
diletakkan pada <i>common sense</i> atau
akal sehat. Validitas tipe ini tentu tidak menjadi hal yang perlu dirisaukan
apabila suatu tes telah terbukti valid lewat pengujian validitas tipe lain yang
lebih dapat diandalkan. Dapatlah dikatakan bahwa <i>face validity</i> adalah tipe validitas yang paling rendah
signifikansinya.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: 18pt;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Logical validity </span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">disebut
juga <i>sampling validity. </i>Tipe
validitas ini menuntut batasan yang seksama terhadap kawasan (domain) perilaku
yang di ukur dan suatu desain logis yang dapat mencakup bagian-bagian kawasan
perilaku tersebut. Sejauh mana tipe validitas ini telah terpenuhi dapat dilihat
dari cakupan butir-butir yang ada dalam tes. <i>Logical Validity </i>sangat penting artinya, salah satu cara agar
tuntutan validitas ini dapat terpenuhi adalah dengan menyusun suatu perencanaan
isi tes menurut <i>blue print </i>yang
disandarkan pada rencana pelaksanaan pelajaran atau program latihan yang akan
diujikan. <i>Blue print </i>tes dapat
membantu agar penulisan butir tidak meninggalkan hal penting yang harus ada
dalam tes dan sekaligus menjaganya agar tetap berada dalam batas cakupan isi
yang relavan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: 18pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Validitas
Konstruksi (<i>Construct Validity</i>)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: 18pt;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Construct Validity </span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">(validitas
konstruk) menunjukkan sejauh mana suatu tes mengukur konstruk teori yang menjadi
dasar penyusunan tes itu. Pengukuran validitas konstruk merupakan proses yang
terus berlanjut sejalan dengan perkembangan konsep mengenai trait (sifat) yang di ukur.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Prosedur
pengujian validitas konstruk berangkat dari hasil komputasi interkorelasi
diantara berbagai hasil tes dan kemudian diikuti oleh analisis lebih lanjut
terhadap matriks korelasi yang diperoleh, melalui berbagai metode. Diantara
metode yang sering digunakan adalah metode <i>multitrait-multimethod
</i>dan <i>analisis factor.<o:p></o:p></i></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Campbell dan Fiske (1959) mengembangkan satu pendekatan untuk
menguji validitas konstruk yang disebut <i>multitrait-multimethod</i>.
Validasi dengan <i>multitrait-multimethod </i>digunakan
dengan menggunakan lebih dari satu macam metode untuk mengukur lebih dari satu
macam trait. Suatu contoh perhitungan validitas dengan pendekatan ini
dikemukakan oleh Alen dan Yen (Azwar, 2005) dengan mengandaikan adanya dua
trait, yaitu sifat Introversi dan Neurotisme, yang masing-masing diungkap oleh
dua macam metode, yaitu pertama metode jawaban ya-tidak (YT) dan kedua metode
pilihan ganda (PG). Dalam contoh ini, terdapat empat macam tes. Hasil
pelaksanaan keempat macam tes tersebut pada sekelompok siswa kemudian
dikorelasikan satu sama lain dan koefisien-koefisien korelasinya dimasukkan
dalam suatu matriks validasi (perhatikan Tabel 1.1)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Tabel 1.1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Matriks validasi dengan
pendekatan <i>multitrait-multimethod</i><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoTableGrid" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184;">
<tbody>
<tr style="height: 30.2pt; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0;">
<td style="border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 30.2pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 78.1pt;" valign="top" width="104">
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 30.2pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 72.75pt;" valign="top" width="97">
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Intoversi<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">YT<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 30.2pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 78.15pt;" valign="top" width="104">
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Neurotisme<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">YT<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 30.2pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 74.35pt;" valign="top" width="99">
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Introversi<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">PG<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 30.2pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 78.2pt;" valign="top" width="104">
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Neurotisme<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">PG<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 20.6pt; mso-yfti-irow: 1;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 20.6pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 78.1pt;" valign="top" width="104">
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Intoversi<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">YT<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 20.6pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 72.75pt;" valign="top" width="97">
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">(0.80)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 20.6pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 78.15pt;" valign="top" width="104">
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">0.25<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 20.6pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 74.35pt;" valign="top" width="99">
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">0.78<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 20.6pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 78.2pt;" valign="top" width="104">
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">0.19<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 23.05pt; mso-yfti-irow: 2;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 23.05pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 78.1pt;" valign="top" width="104">
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Introversi<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">PG
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 23.05pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 72.75pt;" valign="top" width="97">
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 23.05pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 78.15pt;" valign="top" width="104">
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">(0.85)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 23.05pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 74.35pt;" valign="top" width="99">
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">0.16<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 23.05pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 78.2pt;" valign="top" width="104">
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">0.72<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 19.1pt; mso-yfti-irow: 3;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 19.1pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 78.1pt;" valign="top" width="104">
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Neurotisme<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">YT<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 19.1pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 72.75pt;" valign="top" width="97">
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 19.1pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 78.15pt;" valign="top" width="104">
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 19.1pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 74.35pt;" valign="top" width="99">
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">(0.87)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 19.1pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 78.2pt;" valign="top" width="104">
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">0.24<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 24.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 4; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 24.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 78.1pt;" valign="top" width="104">
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Neurotisme<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">PG<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 24.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 72.75pt;" valign="top" width="97">
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 24.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 78.15pt;" valign="top" width="104">
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 24.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 74.35pt;" valign="top" width="99">
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 24.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 78.2pt;" valign="top" width="104">
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">(0.92)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Pada
matriks validasi table di atas, koefisien korelasi antara skor tes dengan
dirinya sendiri tidak dicantumkan sebagai r = 1, tetapi digantikan oleh
koefisien reliabilitasnya. Sebagai contoh, koefisien reliabilitas atas skala
introversi yang menggunakan metode YT adalah 0.8 dan dalam matriks diletakkan
dalam tanda kurung. Dasar pemikiran dalam validasi dengan pendekatan ini adalah
adanya validitas yang baik diperlihatkan oleh korelasi yang tinggi antara dua
pengukuran terhadap trait yang sama oleh dua metode yang berbeda, atau korelasi
yang rendah antara dua pengukuran terhadap trait yang berbeda walaupun
menggunakan metode yang serupa. Pada table 1.1, dapat dijelaskan bahwa
skala-skala tersebut menunjukkan hasil ukur yang memiliki validitas konstruk
yang baik. Perhatikan bahwa skala introversi YT dan skala introversi PG
berkorelasi 0.78; skala neurotisme YT dan neurotisme PG berkorelasi sebesar
0.72.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Tampak
juga pada tabel bahwa korelasi masing-masing skala yang mengukur trait yang
berbeda, kesemuanya rendah. Dalam istilah validitas, skala-skala tersebut
konvergen ditunjukkan oleh tingginya korelasi antara skor skala-skala yang
mengukur antara skor skala-skala yang mengukur trait berbeda. Pada contoh
tersebut, validitas konvergen dan daya beda <i>(diskriminant
validity)</i> termasuk dalam kategori baik. Maka dapat diilustrasikan suatu
matriks validasi multitrait-multimethod yang ideal seperti tabel dibawah
berikut.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Tabel 1.2<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 58.5pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Matriks validasi dengan
pendekatan multitrait-multimethod<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoTableGrid" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 478.8pt;" valign="top" width="638">
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">A1 B1 A2 B2<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 120.55pt; mso-yfti-irow: 1; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 120.55pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 478.8pt;" valign="top" width="638">
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">A1 </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>r</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>A</m:r></span></i><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>1</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>A</m:r></span></i><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>1</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75"
style='width:25.5pt;height:16.5pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image003.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="22" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image004.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="34" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>r</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>A</m:r></span></i><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>1</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>B</m:r></span></i><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>1</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75"
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style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>r</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>A</m:r></span></i><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>1</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>A</m:r></span></i><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75"
style='width:25.5pt;height:16.5pt'>
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</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="22" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image008.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="34" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>r</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>A</m:r></span></i><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>1</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>B</m:r></span></i><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75"
style='width:25.5pt;height:16.5pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image009.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="22" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image010.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="34" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 79.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> (T)
(R)
(T)
(R)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 79.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">B1 </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>r</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>B</m:r></span></i><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>1</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>B</m:r></span></i><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>1</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75"
style='width:26.25pt;height:16.5pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image011.png"
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</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="22" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image012.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="35" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>r</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>B</m:r></span></i><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>1</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>A</m:r></span></i><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75"
style='width:26.25pt;height:16.5pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image013.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="22" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image014.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="35" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>r</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>B</m:r></span></i><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>1</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>A</m:r></span></i><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75"
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 79.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">
(T)
(R)
(T)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 79.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">A2
</span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>r</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>A</m:r></span></i><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>A</m:r></span></i><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75"
style='width:25.5pt;height:16.5pt'>
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o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="22" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image016.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="34" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>r</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>A</m:r></span></i><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>B</m:r></span></i><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75"
style='width:25.5pt;height:16.5pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image017.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="22" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image018.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="34" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 79.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> (T) (T)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 79.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">B2
</span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>r</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>B</m:r></span></i><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>B</m:r></span></i><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75"
style='width:26.25pt;height:16.5pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image019.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="22" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image020.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="35" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 79.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> (T)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 79.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 58.5pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Keterangan:<br />
T = Tinggi R = Rendah <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 58.5pt; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Pada
tabel diatas huruf melambangkan trait dan angka melambangkan metode. Jadi, A1
dan A2 adalah dua skala yang mengukur trait yang sama, yaitu trait A diukur
oleh dua metode berbeda, metode 1 dan 2. A1 dan B1 adalah satu macam trait
berbeda yang diukur oleh satu metode yang sama, yaitu metode 1.A2 dan B2
melambangkan dua trait yang berbeda tetapi di ukur oleh metode yang sama, yaitu
metode 2. Korelasi antara setiap variabel dengan dirinya sendiri, yaitu </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>r</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>A</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>1</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>A</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>1</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:25.5pt;height:16.5pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image003.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="22" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image004.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="34" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">, </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>r</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>B</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>1</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>B</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>1</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:26.25pt;height:16.5pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image011.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="22" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image012.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="35" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">, </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>r</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>A</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>A</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2 ,<span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span></m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -6.0pt; position: relative; top: 6.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:29.25pt;height:17.25pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image021.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="23" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image022.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="39" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> dan </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>r</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>B</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>B</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:26.25pt;height:16.5pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image019.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="22" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image020.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="35" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> masing-masing dinyatakan oleh koefisien
reliabilitas setiap variabel (dalam diagonal). <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 58.5pt; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Pembuktian
validitas konstruk dilakukan dengan menggunakan analisis faktor eksploratori.
Sehubungan dengan itu, analisis faktor eksploratori digunakan untuk mengungkap
trait (sifat) atau konstruk teoritis yang hendak diukur. Dalam arti, untuk
mengetahui apakah butir-butir yang telah disusun mengukur faktor-faktor yang
membangun instrument tersebut. Field (2000), memberikan beberapa prosedur
analisis faktor eksploratori khususnya dengan program aplikasi SPSS, yaitu:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Metode
yang digunakan untuk melakukan analisis faktor eksploratori adalah <i>maximum likelihood.</i><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Metode
rotasi yang digunakan adalah <i>varimax.</i><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Mengukur
kesesuaian sampling dengan melihat KMO (Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin). Jika nilai KMO
> 0,5, maka sampling yang digunakan dalam uji coba instrumen sesuai.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">4)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Bartlett’s tes of sphericity, </span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">untuk
mengukur apakah setiap butir berkorelasi rendah (menuju nol) dengan butir yang
lainnya, dalam artian bahwa butir-butir yang disusun saling independen. Untuk
keperluan ini, digunakan signifikasi a=0.05 dan membandingkan dengan signifikan
hasil perhitungan (sig.). Jika nilai signifikansi a=0.05 lebih besar dari nilai
signifikansi hasil perhitungan, maka setiap butir memiliki korelasi yang
rendah.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">5)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Melihat
multikolinieritas. Jika determinan > 0,00001, maka butir-butir berkorelasi
rendah (<0,8). Itu berarti bahwa, butir-butir tersebut memiliki
multikolinieritas yang rendah. Dalam arti butir-butir tersebut mengukur faktor
yang berbeda.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">6)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Muatan
faktor setelah <i>extraction </i>yang
digunakan >0,3. Jika nilai muatan faktor >0,3, maka butir tersebut dapat
digunakan untuk mengukur faktornya. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Validitas
Ada sekarang <i>(Concurrent validity)</i><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36pt; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Validitas “ada sekarang” lebih dikenal
dengan validitas empiris. Sebuah tes dikatakan memiliki validitas empiris jika
hasilnya sesuai dengan pengalaman. Dalam hal ini tes dipasangkan dengan hasil
pengalaman. Pengalaman selalu mengenai hal yang telah lampau sehingga data
pengalaman tersebut sekarang sudah ada (ada sekarang,concurrent). Dalam
membandingkan hasil sebuah tes maka diperlukan suatu kriterium atau alat
pembanding. Maka hasil tes merupakan sesuatu yang dibandingkan. Misalnya
seorang guru ingin mengetahui apakah tes sumatif yang disusun sudah valid atau
belum. Untuk ini diperlukan sebuah kriterium masa lalu yang sekarang datanya
dimiliki (misalnya ulangan harian atau nilai ulangan sumatif yang lalu).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">4.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Validitas
Ramalan <i>(predictive validity)</i><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Sebuah
tes dikatakan memiliki validitas prediksi atau validitas ramalan apabila mempunyai
kemampuan untuk meramalkan apa yang kan terjadi pada masa yang akan datang.
Contohnya: tes perguruan tinggi adalah sebuah tes yang diperkirakan mampu
meramalkan keberhasilan peserta tes dalam mengikuti kuliah di masa yang akan
datang. Calon yang tersaring berdasarkan hasil tes diharapkan mencerminkan
tinggi-rendahnya kemampuan mengikuti kuliah. Jika nilai tesnya tinggi tentu
manjamin keberhasilannya kelak. Sebaliknya seorang calon dikatakan tidak lulus
karena memiliki nilai tes yang rendah jadi diperkirakan akan tidak mampu
mengikuti perkuliahan yang akan datang. Sebagai alat pembanding validitas
prediksi adalah nilai-nilai yang diperoleh setelah peserta tes mengikuti
pelajaran di Perguruan Tinggi. Jika ternyata siapa yang memiliki nilai tes
lebih tinggi gagal dalam ujian semester I dibandingkan dengan yang dulu nilai
tesnya lebih rendah maka tes masuk yang dimaksud tidak memiliki validitas
prediksi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">C.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Cara
menghitung Validitas<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Dalam
suatu tes dikatakan valid apabila adanya suatu kesejajaran antara hasil tes
dengan kriterium. Teknik yang digunakan untuk mengetahui kesejajaran tersebut
adalah teknik korelasi produk moment<i> </i>yang dikemukakan Pearson, terdapat dua
macam korelasi yaitu korelasi produk moment<i>
</i>dengan simpangan dan korelasi produk moment dengan angka besar. Rumus
keduanya adalah sebagai berikut.<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Rumus korelasi produk moment<i> </i>dengan simpangan<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-text-raise: -21.0pt; position: relative; top: 21.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75"
style='width:111pt;height:39.75pt' o:ole="">
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image023.wmz"
o:title=""/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="53" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image024.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="148" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.3" ShapeID="_x0000_i1025"
DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1418677308">
</o:OLEObject>
</xml><![endif]--></span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Rumus
korelasi produk moment<i> </i>dengan angka
besar<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-text-raise: -18.0pt; position: relative; top: 18.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1026" type="#_x0000_t75"
style='width:264pt;height:44.25pt' o:ole="">
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image025.wmz"
o:title=""/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="59" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image026.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1026" width="352" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.3" ShapeID="_x0000_i1026"
DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1418677309">
</o:OLEObject>
</xml><![endif]--></span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Keterangan<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">r<sub>xy</sub> = Koefisien korelasi antara variable x
dan y. (x=X-<span style="mso-text-raise: -2.0pt; position: relative; top: 2.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1027" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:13.5pt;height:15pt' o:ole="">
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image027.wmz"
o:title=""/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="20" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image028.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1027" width="18" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.3" ShapeID="_x0000_i1027"
DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1418677310">
</o:OLEObject>
</xml><![endif]--></span>dan y=Y-<span style="mso-text-raise: -2.0pt; position: relative; top: 2.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1028" type="#_x0000_t75"
style='width:12pt;height:15pt' o:ole="">
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image029.wmz"
o:title=""/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="20" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image030.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1028" width="16" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.3" ShapeID="_x0000_i1028"
DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1418677312">
</o:OLEObject>
</xml><![endif]--><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-text-raise: -7.0pt; position: relative; top: 7.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1029" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:20.25pt;height:18.75pt'
o:ole="">
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image031.wmz"
o:title=""/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="25" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image032.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1029" width="27" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.3" ShapeID="_x0000_i1029"
DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1418677313">
</o:OLEObject>
</xml><![endif]--></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> =
Jumlah perkalian x dan y<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">x<sup>2</sup>
= Kuadrat dari x<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">y<sup>2 </sup>= kuadrat dari y<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">N = Jumlah data<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Reliabilitas Asesmen<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 18pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">A.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ciri
Umum Reliabilitas<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Sifat
reliabel (keterandalan) dari sebuah alat ukur berkenaan dengan kemampuan alat
ukur tersebut memeberikan hasil yang konsisten dan stabil. Jika kita mengukur
panjang sebuah meja kayu dengan menggunakan sebuah meteran berulang-ulang, baik
dalam tenggang waktu yang singkat maupun tenggang waktu yang lama, maka hasil
ukur kita dapat dipastikan selalu menunjukkan angka yang sama selama panjang
meja tersebut belum berubah. Kita katakan meteran tersebut reliabel, atau
konsisten, atau dapat diandalkan, atau stabil.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Hal
yang berbeda akan kita jumpai jika kita ingin melakukan pengukuran aspek
psikologis dan sosial. Misalnya dalam pengukuran terhadap motivasi, minat,
intelegensi,sikap masyarakat mengenai suatu hal, kecendrungan mendapat
kecelakaan, sifat kepemimpinan, dan lai sebagainya. Aspek sosial psikologis
demikian tidak dapat diukur dengan kepastian dan konsistensi yang tinggi karena
hasil ukurnya tidak dapat lepas dari pengaruh hal-hal yang tidak relavan di
luar maksud pengukuran.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Reliabilitas
alat ukur dan reliabilitas hasil ukur biasanya dianggap sama. Namun
penggunaannya masing-masing perlu diperhatikan (Azwar, 2004). Konsep
reliabilitas dalam arti reliabilitas alat ukur berkaitan erat dengan kesalahan
pengukuran <i>(error of measurement). </i>Kesalahan
pengukuran merujuk pada sejauhmana inkonsistensi hasil pengukuran terjadi
apabila pengukuran dilakukan beberapa kali pada kelompok subjek yang sama.
Sedangkan konsep reliabilitas dalam arti hasil pengukuran berkaitan erat dengan
kesalahan dalam pengambilan sampel <i>(sampling
error)</i> yang merujuk pada inkonsistensi hasil pengukuran apabila pengukuran
dilakukan pada kelompok subjek yang berbeda.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Oleh
karena itu, reliabilitas alat ukur atau hasil pengukuran sering disamakan
dengan <i>consistency, stability </i>atau <i>dependability, </i>yang pada prinsipnya
menunjukkan sejauhmana pengukuran itu dapat memberikan hasil yang relatif sama
bila dilakukan pengukuran kembali terhadap subjek yang sama pada waktu yang
berbeda.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 18pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 18pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">B.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Asumsi
dan Interprestasi<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Skor
adalah nilai yang diberikan dari hasil jawaban peserta tes terhadap pertanyaan
dalam dalam tes tersebut, dan merupakan representasi dari suatu atribut laten.
Skor Kuantitatif yang langsung diperoleh dari hadil pengukuran dan belum diolah
merupakan skor amatan (observed scores) yang selanjutnya kita sebut dengan X.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Disamping
skor amatan, bagi setiap individu yang mendapat skor amatan X, terdapat pula
skor lain yang disebut dengan skor murni atau skor sesungguhnya, yaitu nilai kinerja
yang benar dan merupakan representasi murni dari atribut laten, yang tidak
pernah dapat diketahui besar nilainya. Skor murni (true-scores) ini selanjutnya
kita lambangkan dengan symbol T. Selanjutnya komponen kesalahan pengukuran
kitan nyatakan dengan symbol E. Hubungan antara ketiga macam komponen tersebut,
dibahas dan diuraikan oleh Allen dan Yen (1979), seperti yang di uraikan
seperti berikut:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Asumsi – 1 : X = T + E<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Asumsi
ini memberi gambaran bahwa skor amatan adalah hasil penjumlahan skor murni
dengan kesalahan pengukuran . Artinya, skor amatan ditentukan oleh besarnya
skor murni dengan kesalahan pengukuran yang dilakukan. Jika kesalahan
pengukuran yang dilakukan menuju kesuatu bilangan yang kecil (menuju nol), maka
skor amatan sama dengan skor murni.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Asumsi – 2 : </span></b><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">e</span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">(X) = T<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Asumsi
ini mengatakan bahwa skor murni, T, merupakan ekspektasi (nilai harapan) dari
skor amatan, X. Secara konsep statitiska, T merupakan nilai rata-rata dari skor
amatan seseorang, jika dilakukan tes berulang-ulang, dengan asumsi pengulangan
tes tersebut saling bebas (independen) dan tak terbatas.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Asumsi – 3 : </span></b><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-weight:bold;mso-bidi-font-weight:normal;font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><span style='font-size:
12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:Symbol;mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family:Symbol'><span style='mso-char-type:
symbol;mso-symbol-font-family:Symbol'>r</span></span></m:e><m:sub><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty
m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>ET</m:r></span></i></b></m:sub></m:sSub></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -7.0pt; position: relative; top: 7.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:18pt;height:18pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image033.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="24" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image034.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="24" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> = 0<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Asumsi
ini mengatakan bahwa tidak ada korelasi antara skor murni dengan kesalahan
pengukuran yang dilakukan. Dalam hal ini, dapat juga dikatakan bahwa variasi skor
murni tidak bergantung pada variasi kesalahan pengukuran yang dilakukan. Jadi,
skor murni yang tinggi tidak serta memberikan skor kesalahan pengukuran yang
positif atau negative. Begitu juga dengan skor murni yang rendah bukan
diakibatkan oleh kesalahan pengukuran yang rendah.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Asumsi – 4 </span></b><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-weight:bold;mso-bidi-font-weight:normal;font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><span style='font-size:
12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:Symbol;mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family:Symbol'><span style='mso-char-type:
symbol;mso-symbol-font-family:Symbol'>r</span></span></m:e><m:sub><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-weight:bold;mso-bidi-font-weight:normal;font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:
normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>E</m:r></span></i></b></m:e><m:sub><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty
m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>1</m:r></span></i></b></m:sub></m:sSub><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-weight:bold;mso-bidi-font-weight:normal;font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:
normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>E</m:r></span></i></b></m:e><m:sub><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty
m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>2</m:r></span></i></b></m:sub></m:sSub></m:sub></m:sSub></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -9.0pt; position: relative; top: 9.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:27pt;height:19.5pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image035.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="26" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image036.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="36" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">=
0<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 18pt;">
<!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shapetype id="_x0000_t32" coordsize="21600,21600"
o:spt="32" o:oned="t" path="m,l21600,21600e" filled="f">
<v:path arrowok="t" fillok="f" o:connecttype="none"/>
<o:lock v:ext="edit" shapetype="t"/>
</v:shapetype><v:shape id="_x0000_s1030" type="#_x0000_t32" style='position:absolute;
left:0;text-align:left;margin-left:173.25pt;margin-top:110.2pt;width:0;
height:35.7pt;z-index:251667456' o:connectortype="straight">
<v:stroke endarrow="block"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><span style="height: 51px; left: 0px; margin-left: 225px; margin-top: 146px; mso-ignore: vglayout; position: absolute; width: 12px; z-index: 251667456;"><img height="51" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image037.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_s1030" width="12" /></span><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_s1031"
type="#_x0000_t32" style='position:absolute;left:0;text-align:left;
margin-left:239.5pt;margin-top:110.2pt;width:0;height:35.7pt;z-index:251668480'
o:connectortype="straight">
<v:stroke endarrow="block"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><span style="height: 51px; left: 0px; margin-left: 313px; margin-top: 146px; mso-ignore: vglayout; position: absolute; width: 12px; z-index: 251668480;"><img height="51" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image038.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_s1031" width="12" /></span><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:rect id="_x0000_s1029"
style='position:absolute;left:0;text-align:left;margin-left:142.65pt;
margin-top:80.35pt;width:133.05pt;height:107.75pt;text-indent:0;z-index:251666432'/><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><span style="height: 150px; left: 0px; margin-left: 189px; margin-top: 106px; mso-ignore: vglayout; position: absolute; width: 184px; z-index: 251666432;">
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td bgcolor="white" height="150" style="background: white; border: .75pt solid black; vertical-align: top;" width="184"><!--[endif]--><!--[if !mso]--><span style="left: 0pt; mso-ignore: vglayout; position: absolute; z-index: 251666432;">
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%px;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><!--[endif]-->
<div class="shape" style="padding: 4.35pt 7.95pt 4.35pt 7.95pt;" v:shape="_x0000_s1029">
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; text-effect: outline;">
T T</span></div>
</div>
<!--[if !mso]--></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</span><!--[endif]--><!--[if !mso & !vml]--> <!--[endif]--><!--[if !vml]--></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Asumsi ini memberi gambaran bahwa jika pengukuran dilakukan dua
kali, pengukuran pertama memberikan kesalahan pengukuran </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>E</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>1</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:12pt;height:16.5pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image039.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="22" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image040.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="16" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> dan pengukuran kedua memberikan kesalahan
pengukuran </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>E</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:12pt;height:16.5pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image041.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="22" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image042.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="16" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">, maka tidak ada
korelasi antara kedua kesalahan pengukuran tersebut. Dengan kata lain,
kesalahan pengukuran pertama tidak mempengaruhi pengukuran kedua atau
sebaliknya.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 18pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Ilustrasi dua pengukuran memberikan dua kesalahan
pengukuran dan tidak korelasi antar kesalahan dua pengukuran<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Asumsi – 4 :</span></b><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-weight:bold;mso-bidi-font-weight:normal;font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:
normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>ρ</m:r></span></i></b></m:e><m:sub><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-weight:bold;mso-bidi-font-weight:normal;font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:
normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>E</m:r></span></i></b></m:e><m:sub><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty
m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>1</m:r></span></i></b></m:sub></m:sSub><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-weight:bold;mso-bidi-font-weight:normal;font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:
normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>T</m:r></span></i></b></m:e><m:sub><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty
m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>2</m:r></span></i></b></m:sub></m:sSub></m:sub></m:sSub></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -7.0pt; position: relative; top: 7.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:27.75pt;height:18pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image043.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="24" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image044.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="37" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> = 0<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> </span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Asumsi ini menyatakan bahwa kesalahan pada suatu
pengukuran pertama tidak berkorelasi dengan skor murni pada pengukuran kedua
yang menggunakan tes lain. De</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">n</span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">gan
kata lain, kesalahan pada suatu tes tidak tergantung pada skor murni yang
diperoleh seseorang pada pengukuran dengan tes lain.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">B</span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">e</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">r</span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">hubungan
dengan asumsi-asumsi yang telah dikemukakan di atas, ada beberapa konsep yang
perlu diperhatikan berdasarkan teori skor murni klasikal, diantaranya adalah <i>tes yang parallel</i>. Dua tes dinyatakan
paralel apabila skor murni dari setiap subjek adalah sama pada kedua tes
tersebut, yaitu T = T’, dan sebagian setiap populasi subjek yang dikenai
tes-tes tersebut, memiliki varians kesalahan yang sama besar, yaitu </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">б</span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:f><m:fPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span lang=SV style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:
SV'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:num><m:den><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>E</m:r></span></i></m:den></m:f></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -9.0pt; position: relative; top: 9.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:6pt;height:22.5pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image045.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="30" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image046.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="8" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> = </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">б</span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:f><m:fPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span lang=SV style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:
SV'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:num><m:den><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>E</m:r></span></i></m:den></m:f></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -9.0pt; position: relative; top: 9.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:6pt;height:22.5pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image045.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="30" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image046.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="8" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">. Pernyataan tersebut member gambaran bahwa dua tes
paralel akan memiliki rata-rata dan skor amatan yang setara dan memiliki
korelasi dengan skor amatan tes lain yang setara pula.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Dalam</span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">k</span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">onsep lain berkaitan dengan dua tes yang memiliki sifat <i>essentially t-equivalent.</i> Dua tes
dikatakan memiliki sifat ini, apabila besarnya perbedaan skor murni setiap
individu pada kedua tes tersebut selalu tetap. Dalam konsep matematika, sifat
ini dapat dijelaskan sebagai T<sub>1</sub> = T<sub>2</sub> + C, dimana T<sub>1</sub>
skor murni yang diperoleh seseorang pada tes pertama dan T<sub>2</sub>
merupakan besarnya skor murni yang diperoleh seseorang pada tes kedua, serta C
merupakan suatu bilangan konstanta. Jika dua tes paralel, maka sifat ini pasti
berlaku, tetapi sebaliknya dua tes memiliki sifat <i>essentially t-equivalent </i>belum tentu memiliki varians kesalahan
yang sama. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Selanjutnya</span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> memberikan batasan tentang asumsi-asumsi yang mendasari
tentang proses perhitungan reliabilitas seperti yang dikemukakan di atas, Allen
& Yen (1979) juga memberikan batasan tentang enam cara dalam melakukan
interpretasi terhadap koefisien reliabilitas suatu tes, r<sub>xx’</sub> (dibaca
rho xx’). </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Keenam cara tersebut diuraikan berikut.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">r<sub>xx’ </sub>= korelasi antara <i>observed-scores</i> (skor amatan) dari dua
tes yang paralel.<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 14.2pt;">
<span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Dalam
interpretasi ini, apabila setiap subjek mendapat skor yang sama pada tes X dan
tes X’ yang paralel, dan terdapat varians pada masing-masing distribusi skor
amatan itu, maka kedua tes tersebut mempunyai reliabilitas sempurna (r<sub>xx’ </sub>=
1.0). Apabila tidak semua subjek mendapatkan skor yang sama pada tes X dan tes
X’, maka korelasi antara kedua tes tersebut tidak sempurna dank arena itu
reliabilitasnya pun tidak sempurna (r<sub>xx’</sub>< 1.0). <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">r<sub>xx’</sub>
= besarnya proporsi varians X yang dijelaskan oleh hubungan linearnya dengan
X’. <b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 18pt; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Azwar (2004)
mengatakan bahwa interpretasi berasal dari penafsiran koefisien determinasi
seperti yang biasa dilakukan pada penafsiran koefisien korelasi dari <i>Pearson</i>. Dalam kaitan dengan ini,
besarnya kuadrat koefisien reliabilitas dapat diartikan sebagai besarnya
proporsi varians suatu tes yang dapat dijelaskan oleh variasi skor pada tes
lain yang paralel dengannya.<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">r<sub>xx’</sub> = </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:f><m:fPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><m:sSubSup><m:sSubSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubSupPr><m:e><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr
m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>б</m:r></span></i></b></m:e><m:sub><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty
m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>T</m:r></span></i></b></m:sub><m:sup><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr
m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>2</m:r></span></i></b></m:sup></m:sSubSup></m:num><m:den><m:sSubSup><m:sSubSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubSupPr><m:e><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr
m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>б</m:r></span></i></b></m:e><m:sub><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty
m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>X</m:r></span></i></b></m:sub><m:sup><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr
m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>2</m:r></span></i></b></m:sup></m:sSubSup></m:den></m:f></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -11.5pt; position: relative; top: 11.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75"
style='width:9.75pt;height:27.75pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image047.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="37" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image048.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="13" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 18pt; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Koefisien
reliabilitas merupakan perbandingan antara varians <i>true-scores</i> (skor murni) dengan varians skor amatan. Dengan kata
lain, koefisien reliabilitas adalah proporsi varians skor amatan yang merupakan
varians skor murni. Jika semua perbedaan yang terjadi pada skor amatan
merefleksikan perbedaan skor murni subjek, yaitu berlaku </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSubSup><m:sSubSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubSupPr><m:e><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty
m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>s</m:r></span></i></b></m:e><m:sub><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty
m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>T</m:r></span></i></b></m:sub><m:sup><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
lang=SV style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-ansi-language:SV'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>2</m:r></span></i></b></m:sup></m:sSubSup><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
lang=SV style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-ansi-language:SV'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>=</m:r></span></i></b><m:sSubSup><m:sSubSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubSupPr><m:e><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty
m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>s</m:r></span></i></b></m:e><m:sub><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty
m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>X</m:r></span></i></b></m:sub><m:sup><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
lang=SV style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-ansi-language:SV'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>2</m:r></span></i></b></m:sup></m:sSubSup></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:39.75pt;height:17.25pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image049.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="23" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image050.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="53" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">, maka reliabilita tes tersebut adaah sempurna, yaitu r<sub>xx’</sub>
= 1. Dengan kata lain,pada reliabilitas yang sempurna, pengukuran terjadi tanpa
kesalahan. Adanya kesalahan pengukuran akan menyebabkan harga komponen </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSubSup><m:sSubSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubSupPr><m:e><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty
m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>s</m:r></span></i></b></m:e><m:sub><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty
m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>T</m:r></span></i></b></m:sub><m:sup><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
lang=SV style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-ansi-language:SV'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>2</m:r></span></i></b></m:sup></m:sSubSup><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
lang=SV style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-ansi-language:SV'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>/</m:r></span></i></b><m:sSubSup><m:sSubSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubSupPr><m:e><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty
m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>s</m:r></span></i></b></m:e><m:sub><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty
m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>X</m:r></span></i></b></m:sub><m:sup><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
lang=SV style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-ansi-language:SV'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>2</m:r></span></i></b></m:sup></m:sSubSup></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:30pt;height:17.25pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image051.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="23" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image052.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="40" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> lebih kecil daripada
1.0 dan semakin kecilah proporsi varians skor amatan yang merupakan varians
skor murni dan tes tersebut semakin kurang reliabel.<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">4)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">r<sub>xx’</sub> = r<sup>2</sup><sub>XT</sub><b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 18pt; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Interpretasi ini
menyatakan bahwa koefisien reliabilitas adalah sama dengan kuadrat korelasi
antara skor amatan dan skor murni. Jadi, misalnya koefisien reliabilitas r<sub>xx’</sub>
= .70, maka korelasi antara amatan skor murni adalah r<sub>xx’</sub> = .49 <b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">5)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">r<sub>xx’</sub> = 1 – ρ<sup>2</sup><sub>XE</sub><b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 18pt; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Pernyataan ini
member gambaran bahwa koefisien reliabilitas merupakan selisih dari satu dengan
kuadrat korelasi antara skor amatan dengan skor kesalahan pengukuran. Semakin
besar koefisien korelasi antara skor amatan dengan skor kesalahan pengukuran,
maka semakin kecil koefisien reliabilitas suatu tes.<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">6)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">r<sub>xx’</sub> = 1 - </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:f><m:fPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><m:sSubSup><m:sSubSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubSupPr><m:e><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr
m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>б</m:r></span></i></b></m:e><m:sub><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty
m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>E</m:r></span></i></b></m:sub><m:sup><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr
m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>2</m:r></span></i></b></m:sup></m:sSubSup></m:num><m:den><m:sSubSup><m:sSubSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubSupPr><m:e><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr
m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>б</m:r></span></i></b></m:e><m:sub><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty
m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>X</m:r></span></i></b></m:sub><m:sup><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr
m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>2</m:r></span></i></b></m:sup></m:sSubSup></m:den></m:f></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -11.5pt; position: relative; top: 11.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75"
style='width:9.75pt;height:27.75pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image053.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="37" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image054.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="13" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 18pt; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV;">Interpretasi
ini menghubungkan reliabilitas dengan varians kesalahan dan varians skor
amatan. Apabila suatu pengukuran hanya berisi kesalahan random semata-mata,
maka varians skor-amatan merupakan varians kesalahan seluruhnya, </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSubSup><m:sSubSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubSupPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>s</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>T</m:r></span></i></m:sub><m:sup><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span lang=SV style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:
SV'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sup></m:sSubSup><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span lang=SV style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:
"Cambria Math","serif";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:SV'><m:r>=</m:r></span></i><m:sSubSup><m:sSubSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubSupPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>s</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>X</m:r></span></i></m:sub><m:sup><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span lang=SV style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:
SV'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sup></m:sSubSup></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:39pt;height:16.5pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image055.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="22" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image056.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="52" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV;">. Dalam hal ini maka harga r<sub>xx’</sub> = 1 – 1 = 0,
artinya tes tersebut sama sekali tidak reliabel. Kalau pengukuran tidak
mengandung kesalahan sama sekali, maka </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSubSup><m:sSubSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubSupPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>s</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>E</m:r></span></i></m:sub><m:sup><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span lang=SV style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:
SV'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sup></m:sSubSup></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:11.25pt;height:16.5pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image057.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="22" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image058.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="15" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV;"> = 0 dan harga
komponen </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:f><m:fPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><m:sSubSup><m:sSubSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubSupPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>б</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>E</m:r></span></i></m:sub><m:sup><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span lang=SV style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:
SV'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sup></m:sSubSup></m:num><m:den><m:sSubSup><m:sSubSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubSupPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>б</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>X</m:r></span></i></m:sub><m:sup><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span lang=SV style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:
SV'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sup></m:sSubSup></m:den></m:f></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -11.5pt; position: relative; top: 11.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75"
style='width:10.5pt;height:27pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image059.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="36" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image060.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="14" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV;"> = 0, dan r<sub>xx’</sub>
= 1 – 1 = 0. Dengan kata lain, reliabilitas tes tersebut sempurna karena
pengukuran yang dilakukan tanpa kesalahan. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 18pt; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Varians (derajat
heterogenitas) skor amatan, </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSubSup><m:sSubSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubSupPr><m:e><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty
m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>s</m:r></span></i></b></m:e><m:sub><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty
m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>T</m:r></span></i></b></m:sub><m:sup><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
lang=SV style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-ansi-language:SV'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>2</m:r></span></i></b></m:sup></m:sSubSup></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:12pt;height:17.25pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image061.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="23" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image062.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="16" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">, mempunyai pengaruh penting terhadap reliabilitas. Bila
diasumsikan bahwa varians skor-tampak sangat menentukan harga </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:f><m:fPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><m:sSubSup><m:sSubSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubSupPr><m:e><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty
m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>б</m:r></span></i></b></m:e><m:sub><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty
m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>E</m:r></span></i></b></m:sub><m:sup><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
lang=SV style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-ansi-language:SV'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>2</m:r></span></i></b></m:sup></m:sSubSup></m:num><m:den><m:sSubSup><m:sSubSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubSupPr><m:e><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty
m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>б</m:r></span></i></b></m:e><m:sub><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty
m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>X</m:r></span></i></b></m:sub><m:sup><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
lang=SV style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-ansi-language:SV'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>2</m:r></span></i></b></m:sup></m:sSubSup></m:den></m:f></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -11.5pt; position: relative; top: 11.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75"
style='width:9.75pt;height:27.75pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image063.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="37" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image064.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="13" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">. Jika sampel heterogen, maka nilai </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:f><m:fPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><m:sSubSup><m:sSubSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubSupPr><m:e><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty
m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>б</m:r></span></i></b></m:e><m:sub><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty
m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>E</m:r></span></i></b></m:sub><m:sup><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
lang=SV style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-ansi-language:SV'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>2</m:r></span></i></b></m:sup></m:sSubSup></m:num><m:den><m:sSubSup><m:sSubSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubSupPr><m:e><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty
m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>б</m:r></span></i></b></m:e><m:sub><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty
m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>X</m:r></span></i></b></m:sub><m:sup><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
lang=SV style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-ansi-language:SV'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>2</m:r></span></i></b></m:sup></m:sSubSup></m:den></m:f></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -11.5pt; position: relative; top: 11.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75"
style='width:9.75pt;height:27.75pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image063.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="37" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image064.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="13" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> akan kecil dan r<sub>xx’</sub>
= 1 - </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:f><m:fPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><m:sSubSup><m:sSubSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubSupPr><m:e><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty
m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>б</m:r></span></i></b></m:e><m:sub><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty
m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>E</m:r></span></i></b></m:sub><m:sup><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
lang=SV style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-ansi-language:SV'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>2</m:r></span></i></b></m:sup></m:sSubSup></m:num><m:den><m:sSubSup><m:sSubSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubSupPr><m:e><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty
m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>б</m:r></span></i></b></m:e><m:sub><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty
m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>X</m:r></span></i></b></m:sub><m:sup><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
lang=SV style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-ansi-language:SV'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="bi"/></m:rPr>2</m:r></span></i></b></m:sup></m:sSubSup></m:den></m:f></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -11.5pt; position: relative; top: 11.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75"
style='width:9.75pt;height:27.75pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image063.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="37" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image064.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="13" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> akan besar. Dengan
kata lain, estimasi yang didasarkan data dari sampel yang heterogen cenderung
menghasilkan koefisien reliabilitas yang tinggi daripada kalau didasarkan pada
data dari sampel yang homogen.</span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 18pt; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Keenam interpretasi
yang diperlukan dalam upaya lebih memahami tafsiran koefisien reliabilitas
berdasarkan konsep teori skor murni klasikal. Untuk mempermantap pemahaman
tentang keenam interpretasi tersebut, uraian berikut ditunjukkan pada bagaimana
metode yang dapat digunakan untuk melakukan estimasi koefisien reliabilitas.</span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 36pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 18pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">C.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Faktor
yang berpengaruh terhadap Reliabilitas<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Menurut
Agung (2010), ada 3 faktor yang dapat
mempengaruhi realibilitas suatu tes, yaitu panjang tes, karakteristik peserta
tes, dan proses penyelenggaraan tes. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Panjang tes (banyak sedikitnya butir
tes)<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Semakin
panjang tes, maka reliabilitasnya juga akan semakin tinggi. Salah satu cara
untuk meningkatkan reliabilitas dengan penambahan butir tes adalah dengan
penambahan butir tes, yaitu sebagai berikut.<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-text-raise: -15.0pt; position: relative; top: 15.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1030"
type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:84.75pt;height:33.75pt' o:ole="">
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image065.wmz"
o:title=""/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="45" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image066.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1030" width="113" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.3" ShapeID="_x0000_i1030"
DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1418677316">
</o:OLEObject>
</xml><![endif]--><b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Dengan
keterangan :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">r
= koefisien realibilitas<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-text-raise: -6.0pt; position: relative; top: 6.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1031" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:15pt;height:18pt' o:ole="">
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image067.wmz"
o:title=""/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="24" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image068.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1031" width="20" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.3" ShapeID="_x0000_i1031"
DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1418677317">
</o:OLEObject>
</xml><![endif]--></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> = koefisien reliabilitas setelah butir tes
ditambahkan<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">n = ratio penambahan butir (jumlah butir
akhir dibagi jumlah butir awal) <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 14.2pt; text-indent: 21.8pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">misalnya
koefisien realibilitas awal = 0,70<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 14.2pt; text-indent: 21.8pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">jumlah butir
awal = 40<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 14.2pt; text-indent: 21.8pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">jumlah butir
akhir = 60<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 35.45pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">n
= 60 : 40 = 1,5 kemudian masukkan harga r dan n ke dalam rumus.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 35.45pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-text-raise: -15.0pt; position: relative; top: 15.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1032" type="#_x0000_t75"
style='width:240pt;height:33.75pt' o:ole="">
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image069.wmz"
o:title=""/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="45" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image070.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1032" width="320" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.3" ShapeID="_x0000_i1032"
DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1418677318">
</o:OLEObject>
</xml><![endif]--></span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 35.45pt; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Berdasarkan
hasil perhitungan di atas, maka dengan menambah 20 butir tes dari jumlah butir
tes semula yaitu 40, ternyata mampu meningkatkan koefisien reliabilitas dari
0,70 menjadi 0,78 atau naik sebesar 0,08.<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Karakteristik
peserta tes<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Tes
yang diujicobakan kepada kelompok yang diambil secara acak (<i>random</i>), akan menunjukkan reliabilitas
yang lebih besar daripada yang di uji cobakan pada kelompok yang tidak diacak.<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Proses
penyelenggaraan<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Reliabilitas suatu tes juga dapat dipengaruhi oleh
faktor proses penyelenggaraan yaitu dapat dilihat dari kejelasan petunjuk
pengerjaan tes, ketertiban pengawas tes, dan suasana lingkungan dan tempat tes.<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: 36pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: 36pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: 36pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: 36pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 18pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">D.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Jenis
Koefisien Reliabilitas<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Metode
<i>test-retest</i><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Metode
test-retest dilakukan dengan menggunakan tes yang sama pada kelompok subjek
yang sama dua kali dengan member tenggang waktu yang cukup diantara kedua
penyajian tersebut. Koefisien korelasi sempurna hanya akan diperoleh bila
setiap subjek mendapat skor yang sama pada kedua penyajian dan bila distribusi
skor kelompok tersebut variansnya tidak sama dengan nol.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Untuk menghitung koefisien reliabilitas, rumus yang dapat
digunakan adalah korelasi product moment dari Pearson, dengan rumusan, <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt;">
<!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMathPara><m:oMath><m:f><m:fPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><m:nary><m:naryPr><m:chr
m:val="∑"/><m:limLoc m:val="undOvr"/><m:subHide m:val="on"/><m:supHide
m:val="on"/><span style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:
"Cambria Math";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:naryPr><m:sub></m:sub><m:sup></m:sup><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>XY</m:r></span></i><m:f><m:fPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>(</m:r></span></i><m:nary><m:naryPr><m:chr
m:val="∑"/><m:limLoc m:val="undOvr"/><m:subHide m:val="on"/><m:supHide
m:val="on"/><span style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:naryPr><m:sub></m:sub><m:sup></m:sup><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>X</m:r></span></i><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:
"Cambria Math","serif";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>)(</m:r></span></i><m:nary><m:naryPr><m:chr
m:val="∑"/><m:limLoc m:val="undOvr"/><m:subHide m:val="on"/><m:supHide
m:val="on"/><span style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;
mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:naryPr><m:sub></m:sub><m:sup></m:sup><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>Y</m:r></span></i><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:
"Cambria Math","serif";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>)</m:r></span></i></m:e></m:nary></m:e></m:nary></m:num><m:den><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>N</m:r></span></i></m:den></m:f></m:e></m:nary></m:num><m:den><m:rad><m:radPr><m:degHide
m:val="on"/><span style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:
"Cambria Math";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:radPr><m:deg></m:deg><m:e><m:d><m:dPr><m:begChr
m:val="{"/><m:endChr m:val="}"/><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:dPr><m:e><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:
"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>N</m:r></span></i><m:sSup><m:sSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSupPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:Symbol;mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family:Symbol'><span
style='mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family:Symbol'>S</span></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>X</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sup><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sup></m:sSup><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><m:r>-</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r> (</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:Symbol;mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family:Symbol'><span
style='mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family:Symbol'>S</span></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>X</m:r></span></i><m:sSup><m:sSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSupPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>)</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sup><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sup></m:sSup></m:e></m:d><m:d><m:dPr><m:begChr
m:val="{"/><m:endChr m:val="}"/><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:dPr><m:e><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:
"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>N</m:r></span></i><m:sSup><m:sSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSupPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:Symbol;mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family:Symbol'><span
style='mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family:Symbol'>S</span></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>Y</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sup><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sup></m:sSup><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><m:r>-</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r> (</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:Symbol;mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family:Symbol'><span
style='mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family:Symbol'>S</span></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>Y</m:r></span></i><m:sSup><m:sSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSupPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>)</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sup><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sup></m:sSup></m:e></m:d></m:e></m:rad></m:den></m:f></m:oMath></m:oMathPara><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1025"
type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:181.5pt;height:45.75pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image071.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="61" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image072.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="242" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Dimana :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>r</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>xy</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -7.0pt; position: relative; top: 7.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:15pt;height:17.25pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image073.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="23" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image074.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="20" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> = Korelasi antara skor amatan tes X dan skor amatan tes Y<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> SX = Jumlah
skor amatan pada tes X<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> SY =
Jumlah skor amatan pada tes Y<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> S</span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSup><m:sSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSupPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>X</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sup><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sup></m:sSup></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:13.5pt;height:16.5pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image075.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="22" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image076.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="18" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> =
Jumlah kuadrat skor amatan pada tes X<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> S</span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSup><m:sSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSupPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>Y</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sup><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sup></m:sSup></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:13.5pt;height:16.5pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image077.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="22" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image078.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="18" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> =
Jumlah kuadrat skor amatan pada tes Y<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt; text-indent: -67.5pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> SXY = Jumlah hasil hasil kali skor amatan pada
tes X dengan skor amatan pada tes Y<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> N =
Banyaknya subjek<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Mardapi
(2004) mengatakan bahwa perubahan sikap subjek juga dapat mempengaruhi estimasi
reliabilitas, kalau pada pelaksanaan yang kedua subjek bersikap negatif,
menolak bekerja dengan bersungguh-sungguh, atau dengan sengaja member jawaban
seenaknya, akan mengakibatkan pula korelasi yang rendah. Masalah lain dalam
prosedur test-retest adalah masalah menentukan lamanya waktu yang harus
disediakan diantara dua pelaksanaan tes. Kalau tenggang waktu terlalu singkat,
sangat mungkin terjadi <i>carry-over effect </i>akibat
<i>memori, practice, </i>atau suasana hati
subjek, atau bertambahnya informasi yang diperoleh subjek dalam hal aspek yang
diukur oleh tes yang bersangkutan. Karena itu, metode <i>test-retest</i> lebih cocok untuk digunakan dalam mengestimasi
reliabilitas tes yang mengukur <i>traits</i>
yang stabil selama tenggang waktu pelaksanaan dan tak mudah dipengaruhi <i>carry-over effect.</i><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Metode
<i>parallel form</i><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV;">Estimasi reliabilitas dengan menggunakan metode <i>Parallel-Form </i>dilakukan dengan menghitung
korelasi skor amatan antara dua tes amatan yang paralel yang disajikan pada
kelompok subjek yang sama. Dikarenakan hampir tidak mungkin untuk memperoleh
dua tes yang paralel, maka biasanya digunakan <i>alternate forms </i>sebagai pengganti. <i>Alternate-forms </i>adalah dua tes yang mengukur satu trait yang sama
dan disusun sedemikian rupa sehingga menjadi separalel mungkin sehingga
keduannya dapat mempunyai distribusi skor amatan dengan rata-rata, varians dan
korelasi dengan tes lain, yang sama besar.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt;">
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margin-top:34.05pt;width:112.5pt;height:48.75pt;z-index:251670528' arcsize="10923f">
<v:textbox style='mso-next-textbox:#_x0000_s1032'>
<![if !mso]>
<table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 width="100%">
<tr>
<td><![endif]>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'>
Form A</p>
</div>
<![if !mso]></td>
</tr>
</table>
<![endif]></v:textbox>
</v:roundrect><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><span style="height: 71px; left: 0px; margin-left: 245px; margin-top: 44px; mso-ignore: vglayout; position: absolute; width: 156px; z-index: 251670528;"><img alt="Rounded Rectangle: Form A" height="71" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image079.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_s1032" width="156" /></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV;">Sebagai ilustrasi metode estimasi dengan metode ini dapat
dilihat pada gambar berikut.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt;">
<span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV;"> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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arcsize="10923f">
<v:textbox style='mso-next-textbox:#_x0000_s1033'>
<![if !mso]>
<table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 width="100%">
<tr>
<td><![endif]>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'>
Form B</p>
</div>
<![if !mso]></td>
</tr>
</table>
<![endif]></v:textbox>
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height:35.65pt;z-index:251678720'>
<v:textbox style='mso-next-textbox:#_x0000_s1040'/>
</v:shape><v:shape id="_x0000_s1039" type="#_x0000_t202" style='position:absolute;
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height:32.9pt;z-index:251677696'>
<v:textbox style='mso-next-textbox:#_x0000_s1039'/>
</v:shape><v:shape id="_x0000_s1037" type="#_x0000_t32" style='position:absolute;
left:0;text-align:left;margin-left:315.75pt;margin-top:67.8pt;width:0;
height:9.75pt;z-index:251675648' o:connectortype="straight" strokeweight="2pt"/><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]-->
<table align="left" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td height="5" width="156"></td>
<td width="55"></td>
<td width="26"></td>
<td width="4"></td>
<td width="79"></td>
<td width="52"></td>
<td width="49"></td>
<td width="4"></td>
<td width="35"></td>
<td width="72"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td height="78"></td>
<td></td>
<td align="left" colspan="7" valign="top"><img height="78" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image080.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_s1033 _x0000_s1034 _x0000_s1035 _x0000_s1036" width="249" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td height="6"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td height="16"></td>
<td colspan="2"></td>
<td align="left" valign="top"><img height="16" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image081.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_s1038" width="4" /></td>
<td colspan="3"></td>
<td align="left" valign="top"><img height="16" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image081.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_s1037" width="4" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td height="14"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td height="4"></td>
<td colspan="5"></td>
<td bgcolor="white" colspan="4" height="53" rowspan="2" style="background: white; border: .75pt solid black; vertical-align: top;" width="160"><!--[endif]--><!--[if !mso]--><span style="left: 0pt; mso-ignore: vglayout; position: absolute; z-index: 251678720;">
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%px;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><!--[endif]-->
<div class="shape" style="padding: 4.35pt 7.95pt 4.35pt 7.95pt;" v:shape="_x0000_s1040">
<div class="MsoNormal">
Time 2</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
</div>
<!--[if !mso]--></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</span><!--[endif]--><!--[if !mso & !vml]--> <!--[endif]--><!--[if !vml]--></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td height="49"></td>
<td bgcolor="white" colspan="4" height="49" style="background: white; border: .75pt solid black; vertical-align: top;" width="164"><!--[endif]--><!--[if !mso]--><span style="left: 0pt; mso-ignore: vglayout; position: absolute; z-index: 251677696;">
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%px;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><!--[endif]-->
<div class="shape" style="padding: 4.35pt 7.95pt 4.35pt 7.95pt;" v:shape="_x0000_s1039">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
Time 1</div>
</div>
<!--[if !mso]--></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</span><!--[endif]--><!--[if !mso & !vml]--> <!--[endif]--><!--[if !vml]--></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<!--[endif]--><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt;">
<br /></div>
<br clear="ALL" />
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Metode
Ekuivalen<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span lang="ES-VE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: ES-VE; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Reliabilitas
ini tidak ditentukan menggunakan korelasi tetapi menggunakan estimasi
konsistensi internal. Reliabilitas ini diukur menggunakan Kuder-Richardson,
biasanya Formula-20 (KR-20) atau Formula-21 (KR-21). Kedua rumus ini hanya
dapat dipakai untuk tes yang aitem-aitemnya diskor dikotomi, yaitu benar atau
salah, 0 atau 1. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Menerapkan
banyak indikator yang dapat dioperasionalisasikan ke semua </span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Konsepsi&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Konsepsi (halaman belum tersedia)"><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">konsepsi</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> pengukuran. Kesetaraan </span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keandalan" title="Keandalan"><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">keandalan</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> akan menggunakan dua instrumen untuk mengukur konsep yang
sama pada tingkat </span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kesulitan&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Kesulitan (halaman belum tersedia)"><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">kesulitan</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> yang sama. Reliabilitas atau
tidaknya pengujian akan ditentukan dari hubungan dua skor </span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Instrumen&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Instrumen (halaman belum tersedia)"><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">instrumen</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, atau lebih dikenal dengan hubungan
antara </span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Variabel_bebas&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Variabel bebas (halaman belum tersedia)"><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">variabel
bebas</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> (<i>independen
variable</i>) dengan </span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Variabel_terikat&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Variabel terikat (halaman belum tersedia)"><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">variabel
terikat</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> (<i>dependen
variable</i>). <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt;">
<span lang="ES-VE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: ES-VE; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Untuk mencari reliabilitas
equivalen, digunakan rumus korelasi Product Moment, yaitu mengkorelasi skor
butir pertama (X) dengan skor tes ke dua (Y). Rumus korelasi Product Moment
yang digunakan adalah sebagai berikut.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 72pt;">
<span lang="ES-VE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: ES-VE; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-text-raise: -22.0pt; position: relative; top: 22.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1033" type="#_x0000_t75"
style='width:228.75pt;height:44.25pt' o:ole="">
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image082.wmz"
o:title=""/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img border="0" height="59" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image083.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1033" width="305" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.3" ShapeID="_x0000_i1033"
DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1418677320">
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</xml><![endif]--></span><span lang="ES-VE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: ES-VE; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 72pt;">
<span lang="ES-VE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: ES-VE; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Keterangan:<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt;">
<span lang="ES-VE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: ES-VE; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-text-raise: -7.0pt; position: relative; top: 7.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1034" type="#_x0000_t75"
style='width:26.25pt;height:18.75pt' o:ole="">
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image084.wmz"
o:title=""/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img border="0" height="25" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image085.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1034" width="35" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.3" ShapeID="_x0000_i1034"
DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1418677322">
</o:OLEObject>
</xml><![endif]--></span><span lang="ES-VE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: ES-VE; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">korelasi antara skor tes pertama dengan skor tes ke
dua.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">4)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Metode
Belah Dua</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> <b>(<i>split half methods)</i><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Metode belah dua adalah pengetes
(tester) hanya menggunakan satu set tes dicobakan satu kali. Cara
mengkorelasikan antara lain:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">(a)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Skor
butir tes bernomor ganjil dengan butir tes bernomor genap. Untuk itu dianjurkan
menggunakan rumus formula Flanagan sebagai berikut.<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-text-raise: -16.0pt; position: relative; top: 16.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1035" type="#_x0000_t75"
style='width:114pt;height:38.25pt' o:ole="">
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image086.wmz"
o:title=""/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img border="0" height="51" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image087.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1035" width="152" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.3" ShapeID="_x0000_i1035"
DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1418677323">
</o:OLEObject>
</xml><![endif]--><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Keterangan:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> <span style="mso-text-raise: -5.0pt; position: relative; top: 5.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1036" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:23.25pt;height:18pt' o:ole="">
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image088.wmz"
o:title=""/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img border="0" height="24" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image089.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1036" width="31" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.3" ShapeID="_x0000_i1036"
DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1418677324">
</o:OLEObject>
</xml><![endif]--></span> = Varian skor
butir tes ganjil<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> <span style="mso-text-raise: -5.0pt; position: relative; top: 5.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1037" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:23.25pt;height:18pt' o:ole="">
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image090.wmz"
o:title=""/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img border="0" height="24" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image091.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1037" width="31" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.3" ShapeID="_x0000_i1037"
DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1418677325">
</o:OLEObject>
</xml><![endif]--></span> = Varian skor
butir tes genap<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> <span style="mso-text-raise: -6.0pt; position: relative; top: 6.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1038" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:25.5pt;height:18.75pt'
o:ole="">
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image092.wmz"
o:title=""/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img border="0" height="25" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image093.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1038" width="34" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.3" ShapeID="_x0000_i1038"
DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1418677326">
</o:OLEObject>
</xml><![endif]--></span> = Varian skor
butir tes ganjil dan genap<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 72pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">(b)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Antara
skor butir tes belahan awal dan belahan akhir. Untuk ini dianjurkan menggunakan
rumus formula Rufon sebagai berikut.<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-text-raise: -15.0pt; position: relative; top: 15.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1039" type="#_x0000_t75"
style='width:68.25pt;height:36pt' o:ole="">
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image094.wmz"
o:title=""/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img border="0" height="48" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image095.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1039" width="91" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.3" ShapeID="_x0000_i1039"
DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1418677327">
</o:OLEObject>
</xml><![endif]--><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Keterangan:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> d=
perbedaan (selisih) antara skor belahan awal dan belahan akhir<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> <span style="mso-text-raise: -6.0pt; position: relative; top: 6.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1040" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:23.25pt;height:18.75pt'
o:ole="">
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image096.wmz"
o:title=""/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img border="0" height="25" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image097.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1040" width="31" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.3" ShapeID="_x0000_i1040"
DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1418677328">
</o:OLEObject>
</xml><![endif]--></span> = varian beda<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> <span style="mso-text-raise: -6.0pt; position: relative; top: 6.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1041" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:25.5pt;height:18.75pt'
o:ole="">
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image098.wmz"
o:title=""/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img border="0" height="25" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image099.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1041" width="34" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.3" ShapeID="_x0000_i1041"
DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1418677329">
</o:OLEObject>
</xml><![endif]--></span> = varian
total<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Hasil korelasi
tersebut baru merupakan reliabilitas separo tes. Oleh karenanya, untuk
koefesien reliabilitas seluruh tes digunakan rumus sebagai berikut.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-text-raise: -27.0pt; position: relative; top: 27.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1042" type="#_x0000_t75"
style='width:72.75pt;height:60pt' o:ole="">
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image100.wmz"
o:title=""/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img border="0" height="80" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image101.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1042" width="97" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.3" ShapeID="_x0000_i1042"
DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1418677330">
</o:OLEObject>
</xml><![endif]--></span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Keterangan:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> <i>r</i><sub>1.1</sub> = koefesien reliabilitas seluruh butir tes<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> <span style="mso-text-raise: -12.0pt; position: relative; top: 12.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1043" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:32.25pt;height:31.5pt'
o:ole="">
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image102.wmz"
o:title=""/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img border="0" height="42" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image103.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1043" width="43" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.3" ShapeID="_x0000_i1043"
DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1418677332">
</o:OLEObject>
</xml><![endif]--></span> = koefesien
korelasi antara skor setiap belahan<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Cara Membelah dengan Teknik
Ganjil-Genap dan Awal-Akhir<!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1044"
type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:396.75pt;height:146.25pt' o:ole="">
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image104.emz"
o:title=""/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img border="0" height="195" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image105.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1044" width="529" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Excel.Sheet.12" ShapeID="_x0000_i1044"
DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1418677333">
</o:OLEObject>
</xml><![endif]--><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Keterangan:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Belahan ganjil meliputi butir tes
nomor : 1,3,5,7 dan 9<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Belahan genap meliputi butir tes
nomor : 2,4,6,8 dan 10<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Belahan awal meliputi butir tes
nomor : 1,2,3,4 dan 5<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Belahan akhir meliputi butir tes nomor : 6,7,8,9 dan 10<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">5)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Metode
<i>internal consistency</i><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Metode
internal consistency hanya memerlukan satu kali penyajian test saja (dikenal
dengan nama single-trial administration) dank arena itu masalah-masalah yang
timbul akibat penyajian yang berulang dapat dihindari. Salah satu prosedur
dalam metode internal consistency yang sangat popular adalah yang menghasilkan
estimasi reliabilitas split-half (belah dua). Tes yang akan diestimasi
reliabilitasnya dibelah menjadi dua bagian yang diusahakan parallel. Pembelahan
ini dilakukan setelah keseluruhan test sebagai kesatuan dikenakan pada para
subjek. Kemudian dapat diperoleh distribusi skor amatan subjek untuk belahan
pertama dan belahan kedua. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">a.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Spearman Brown Formula<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Apabila
terdapat alasan kuat untuk menganggap belahan 1 dan 2 adalah parallel, maka
estimasi reliabilitas keseluruhan test X, yaitu </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>r</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>xx</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:14.25pt;height:16.5pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image106.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="22" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image107.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="19" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> , dapat dilakukan dengan formula
Sprearman-Brown pada koefisien korelasi antara skor pada belahan 1 dan 2,
dengan rumusan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt; text-indent: 36pt;">
<!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>r</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>xx</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><m:r>'</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:16.5pt;height:16.5pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image108.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="22" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image109.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="22" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> = </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>r</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>XX</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><m:r>'</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:18pt;height:16.5pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image110.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="22" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image111.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="24" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">=</span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:f><m:fPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>r</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>12</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:num><m:den><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>1+</m:r></span></i><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>r</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>12</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:den></m:f></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -10.5pt; position: relative; top: 10.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75"
style='width:23.25pt;height:24pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image112.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="32" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image113.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="31" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Dimana
:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>r</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>XX</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:16.5pt;height:16.5pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image114.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="22" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image115.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="22" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> = Koefisien reliabilitas keseluruhan test X<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>r</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>12</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:14.25pt;height:16.5pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image116.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="22" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image117.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="19" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> = Koefisien korelasi antara kedua belahan<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">b.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Formula Rulon<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Rulon (1939) mengetengahkan suatu teknik
estimasi reliabilitas belah dua tanpa perlu berasumsi bahwa kedua belahan
mempunyai varians yang sama. Varians yang perlu diperhitungkan dalam teknik ini
adalah varians kesalahan. Menurut Rulon, varians distribusi perbedaan skor pada
belahan-belahan tes seluruhnya ditentukan oleh varians kesalahan masing-masing
belahan ini bersama-sama membentuk varians kesalahan tes keseluruhan, karena
itu varians distribusi perbedaan dapat dipakai guna mengestimasi reliabilitas
tes. Estimasi reliabilitas dapat dilakukan dengan menggunakan formula berikut:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:Symbol;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Cambria Math";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family:Symbol'><span
style='mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family:Symbol'>r</span></span></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>xx</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><m:r>'</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -7.5pt; position: relative; top: 7.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:18.75pt;height:18pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image118.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="24" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image119.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="25" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">= 1-</span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r> </m:r></span></i><m:f><m:fPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><m:sSubSup><m:sSubSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubSupPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>S</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>d</m:r></span></i></m:sub><m:sup><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sup></m:sSubSup></m:num><m:den><m:sSubSup><m:sSubSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubSupPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>S</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>x</m:r></span></i></m:sub><m:sup><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sup></m:sSubSup></m:den></m:f></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -10.5pt; position: relative; top: 10.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75"
style='width:12pt;height:27pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image120.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="36" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image121.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="16" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Dimana:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:Symbol;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Cambria Math";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family:Symbol'><span
style='mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family:Symbol'>r</span></span></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>xx</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><m:r>'</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr
m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>= </m:r></span></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -7.5pt; position: relative; top: 7.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:33.75pt;height:18pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image122.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="24" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image123.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="45" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">koefisien reliabilitas
tes X<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSubSup><m:sSubSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubSupPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>S</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>d</m:r></span></i></m:sub><m:sup><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sup></m:sSubSup></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:12.75pt;height:16.5pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image124.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="22" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image125.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="17" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> = Varians distribusi perbedaan skor kedua
belahan<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSubSup><m:sSubSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubSupPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>S</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>x</m:r></span></i></m:sub><m:sup><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sup></m:sSubSup></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:12.75pt;height:16.5pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image126.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="22" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image127.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="17" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> = Varians distribusi skor total</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">c.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Koefisien Alpha<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Apabila
distribusi skor pada belahan 1 dan 2 tidak memiliki varians yang sama atau
tidak cukup alasan untuk menganggap kedua belahan tersebut parallel, maka
estimasi keseluruhan tes dapat diperoleh dengan menggunakan koefisien alpha (Cronbach,
1951). Rumus untuk menghitung koefisien alpha, yaitu :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>α</m:r></span></i><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr
m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>=</m:r></span><m:f><m:fPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr
m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>2</m:r></span><m:d><m:dPr><m:begChr
m:val="["/><m:endChr m:val="]"/><span style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:
12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:dPr><m:e><m:sSubSup><m:sSubSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubSupPr><m:e><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr
m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>S</m:r></span></m:e><m:sub><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr
m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>x </m:r></span></m:sub><m:sup><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr
m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>2</m:r></span></m:sup></m:sSubSup><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr
m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>-</m:r></span><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr
m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr> (</m:r></span><m:sSubSup><m:sSubSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubSupPr><m:e><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr
m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>S</m:r></span></m:e><m:sub><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr
m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>1</m:r></span></m:sub><m:sup><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr
m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>2</m:r></span></m:sup></m:sSubSup><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr
m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>+</m:r></span><m:sSubSup><m:sSubSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubSupPr><m:e><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr
m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>S</m:r></span></m:e><m:sub><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr
m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>2</m:r></span></m:sub><m:sup><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr
m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>2</m:r></span></m:sup></m:sSubSup><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr
m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>)</m:r></span></m:e></m:d></m:num><m:den><m:sSubSup><m:sSubSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubSupPr><m:e><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr
m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>S</m:r></span></m:e><m:sub><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr
m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>x</m:r></span></m:sub><m:sup><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr
m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>2</m:r></span></m:sup></m:sSubSup></m:den></m:f></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -10.5pt; position: relative; top: 10.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75"
style='width:84.75pt;height:27pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image128.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="36" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image129.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="113" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Keterangan :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt;">
<!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSubSup><m:sSubSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubSupPr><m:e><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr
m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>S</m:r></span></m:e><m:sub><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr
m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>1</m:r></span></m:sub><m:sup><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr
m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>2</m:r></span></m:sup></m:sSubSup></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:12pt;height:16.5pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image130.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="22" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image131.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="16" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> = varians skor subjek pada belahan j;j = 1,2<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt;">
<!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSubSup><m:sSubSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubSupPr><m:e><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr
m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>S</m:r></span></m:e><m:sub><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr
m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>x</m:r></span></m:sub><m:sup><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr
m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>2</m:r></span></m:sup></m:sSubSup></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:12pt;height:16.5pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image132.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="22" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image133.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="16" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> = varians skor pada keseluruhan test X<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt;">
<!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>α</m:r></span></i></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:7.5pt;height:16.5pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image134.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="22" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image135.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="10" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> = Koefisien reliabilitas alpha<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Koefisien
alpha akan memberikan nilai yang lebih kecil atau sama besar dengan nilai
reliabilitas yang sebenarnya (</span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>r</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>xx</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast'><m:r>'</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:16.5pt;height:16.5pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image108.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="22" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image109.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="22" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">). Jadi akan slalu ada
kemungkinan bahwa reliabilitas tes yang sebenarnya adalah lebih tinggi daripada
koefisien alpha.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> Nilai </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>r</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>xx</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast'><m:r>'</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:16.5pt;height:16.5pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image108.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="22" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image109.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="22" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> yang dihitung dengan formula Spearman-Brown
dan nilai yang diperoleh dengan koefisien alpha akan tinggi apabila korelasi
antara kedua belahan tes juga tinggi, sebaliknya apabila kedua belahan tes
berkorelasi rendah maka </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>r</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>xx</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast'><m:r>'</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:16.5pt;height:16.5pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image108.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="22" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image109.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="22" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> dan koefisien alpha juga akan rendah. Jadi,
reliabilitas <i>Spearman-Brown</i> dan
koefisien alpha dapat dianggap sebagai indeks <i>internal-consistency </i>atau indeks homogenitas tes.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> Pembelahan tes tidak terbatas pada membelah tes menjadi
dua belahan saja. Adalah mungkin untuk untuk membelah tes menjadi lebih dari
dua komponen atau dua belahan. Formula koefisien alpha dapat digunakan untuk
estimasi tes yang dibelah menjadi J komponen dengan menghitung varians skor
tiap-tiap belahan serta varians skor
total. Formula dimaksud akan menghasilkan estimasi reliabilitas yang baik hanya
bila isi tes yang bersangkutan homogeny, yaitu mengukur trait tunggal. Formula
umum koefisien alpha untuk belahan yang lebih besar dari, yaitu:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">a</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> = </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:f><m:fPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>J</m:r></span></i></m:num><m:den><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>J</m:r></span></i></m:den></m:f><m:d><m:dPr><m:begChr
m:val="["/><m:endChr m:val="]"/><span style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:
12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:dPr><m:e><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>1</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast'><m:r>-</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r> </m:r></span></i><m:f><m:fPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:Symbol;mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family:Symbol'><span
style='mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family:Symbol'>S</span></span></i><m:sSubSup><m:sSubSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubSupPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>S</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>i</m:r></span></i></m:sub><m:sup><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sup></m:sSubSup></m:num><m:den><m:sSubSup><m:sSubSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubSupPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>S</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>x</m:r></span></i></m:sub><m:sup><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sup></m:sSubSup></m:den></m:f></m:e></m:d></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -10.5pt; position: relative; top: 10.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75"
style='width:53.25pt;height:27pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image136.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="36" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image137.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="71" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Dimana :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt;">
<!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSubSup><m:sSubSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubSupPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>S</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>x</m:r></span></i></m:sub><m:sup><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sup></m:sSubSup></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:12.75pt;height:16.5pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image126.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="22" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image127.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="17" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> = Varians skor subjek pada keseluruhan tes X
yang terbagi atas J belahan <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt;">
<!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSubSup><m:sSubSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubSupPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>S</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>i</m:r></span></i></m:sub><m:sup><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sup></m:sSubSup></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:12.75pt;height:17.25pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image138.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="23" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image139.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="17" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> = Varians skor subjek pada belahan ke j;j =
1,2,3,…J.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">J = Banyaknya belahan<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">d.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Formula Kuder-Richardson</span></i></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> (KR 20 dan KR 21)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Jika setiap komponen atau belahan tes merupakan butir yang
diberi skor dikotomi (dichotomous), yaitu terdiri atas angka 0 dan 1, maka
formula alpha akan mengambil bentuk khusus sebagai formula Kuder-Richardson-20
(KR-20, 1973) yang disebut juga koefisien a – 20 (Cronbach, 1951) (Harun dan
Mansur).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">KR
– 20 = </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:f><m:fPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>J</m:r></span></i></m:num><m:den><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>J</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>-</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>1</m:r></span></i></m:den></m:f><m:d><m:dPr><m:begChr
m:val="["/><m:endChr m:val="]"/><span style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:
12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:dPr><m:e><m:f><m:fPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>1</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>-</m:r></span></i><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>⅀</m:r></span></i><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>P</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>1</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>(1</m:r></span></i><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>-</m:r></span></i><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>P</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>1</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>)</m:r></span></i></m:num><m:den><m:sSup><m:sSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSupPr><m:e><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>S</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sup><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sup></m:sSup><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>x</m:r></span></i></m:den></m:f></m:e></m:d></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -10.5pt; position: relative; top: 10.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75"
style='width:79.5pt;height:24.75pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image140.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="33" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image141.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="106" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Dimana:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>P</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>1</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:11.25pt;height:16.5pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image142.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="22" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image143.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="15" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> = proporsi subjek yang mendapat skor 1
pada butir i, yaitu banyaknya subjek mendapat skor 1 dibagi dengan banyaknya
seluruh subjek.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSup><m:sSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSupPr><m:e><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>S</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sup><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sup></m:sSup><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>x</m:r></span></i></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:19.5pt;height:16.5pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image144.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="22" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image145.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="26" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> = varians skor tes X<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">J = banyaknya
butir tes, dalam hal ini adalah banyaknya butir tes.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Selanjutnya Kuder dan Richardson merumuskan pula formulanya
guna menghitung reliabilitas tes yang terdiri dari item dikotomi, dengan
menggunakan rata-rata proporsi subjek yang mendapat skor 1. Rumus ini dikenal
dengan nama formula Kuder-Richardson-21.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_s1027" type="#_x0000_t32" style='position:absolute;left:0;
text-align:left;margin-left:157.35pt;margin-top:1.45pt;width:6pt;height:0;
z-index:251661312' o:connectortype="straight"/><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><span style="height: 2px; left: 0px; margin-left: 209px; margin-top: 1px; mso-ignore: vglayout; position: absolute; width: 10px; z-index: 251661312;"><img height="2" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image146.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_s1027" width="10" /></span><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_s1026"
type="#_x0000_t32" style='position:absolute;left:0;text-align:left;
margin-left:131.1pt;margin-top:1.45pt;width:6pt;height:0;z-index:251660288'
o:connectortype="straight"/><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><span style="height: 2px; left: 0px; margin-left: 174px; margin-top: 1px; mso-ignore: vglayout; position: absolute; width: 10px; z-index: 251660288;"><img height="2" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image146.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_s1026" width="10" /></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">KR – 21 = </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:f><m:fPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>J</m:r></span></i></m:num><m:den><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>J</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>-</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>1</m:r></span></i></m:den></m:f><m:d><m:dPr><m:begChr
m:val="["/><m:endChr m:val="]"/><span style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:
12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:dPr><m:e><m:f><m:fPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>1</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>-</m:r></span></i><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>JP</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>(1</m:r></span></i><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>-</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>P</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>)</m:r></span></i></m:num><m:den><m:sSup><m:sSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSupPr><m:e><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>S</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sup><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sup></m:sSup><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>x</m:r></span></i></m:den></m:f></m:e></m:d></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -10.5pt; position: relative; top: 10.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75"
style='width:71.25pt;height:24.75pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image147.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="33" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image148.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="95" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_s1028" type="#_x0000_t32" style='position:absolute;left:0;
text-align:left;margin-left:-1.65pt;margin-top:20.1pt;width:9pt;height:0;
z-index:251662336' o:connectortype="straight"/><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><span style="height: 2px; left: 0px; margin-left: -3px; margin-top: 26px; mso-ignore: vglayout; position: absolute; width: 14px; z-index: 251662336;"><img height="2" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image149.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_s1028" width="14" /></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Dimana:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">P = rata-rata
proporsi subjek yang mendapat skor 1 pada butir I, atau jumlah seluruh nilai </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>P</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>1</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:11.25pt;height:16.5pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image142.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="22" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image143.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="15" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> dibagi dengan banyaknya
butir.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSup><m:sSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSupPr><m:e><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>S</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sup><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sup></m:sSup><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>x</m:r></span></i></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:19.5pt;height:16.5pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image144.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="22" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image145.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="26" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> = varians skor tes
X<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">J = banyaknya
belahan tes, dalam hal ini adalah banyaknya item tes.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Tampak hasil koefisien reliabilitas yang diperoleh dengan
menggunakan formula KR-20 dan KR-21. Kelihatannya bahwa menggunakan formula
KR-20 memberikan koefisien reliabilitas yang lebih tinggi jika dibandingkan
dengan menggunakan formula KR-21.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Jika taraf kesukaran butir-butir (</span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>P</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>1</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:11.25pt;height:16.5pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image142.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="22" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image143.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="15" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">) dalam tes adalah sama, maka formula KR-20 dan KR-21 akan
menghasilkan estimasi reliabilitas yang identik. Perbedaan taraf kesukaran
butir menyebabkan koefisien KR-21 lebih rendah daripada KR-20 dan merupakan
underestimasi terhadap reliabilitas tes yang sesungguhnya.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">e.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Formula Krisoff</span></i></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> untuk tes belah tiga<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Kadang-kadang prosedur single trial administration sering
ditemui kasus dimana jumlah item tes tidak memungkinkan untuk dibagi dua atau
ganjil. Agar tes tersebut dapat dihitung reliabilitasnya, kadang-kadang
diperlukan untuk membagi menjadi tiga bagian. Tentunya setiap bagian tes
diasumsikan memiliki isi yang homogeny (congeneric). Untuk dapat menghitung
koefisien reliabilitas, Kristoff (1974) (Harun dan Mansur) merumuskan formula
dengan melakukan estimasi terhadap varians skor murni terlebih dahulu, kemudian
menghitung reliabilitasnya. Estimasi varians dapat dilakukan dengan menggunakan
rumus,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSup><m:sSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
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mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSupPr><m:e><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>S</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>t</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:e><m:sup><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sup></m:sSup></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:15.75pt;height:17.25pt'>
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o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="23" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image151.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="21" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> = </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:f><m:fPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>S</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>12</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>+
</m:r></span></i><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>S</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>13</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:num><m:den><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>S</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>23</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:den></m:f><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>+</m:r></span></i><m:f><m:fPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>S</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>12</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>+
</m:r></span></i><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>S</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>23</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:num><m:den><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
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mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>S</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>13</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:den></m:f><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>+</m:r></span></i><m:f><m:fPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>S</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>13</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>+
</m:r></span></i><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>S</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>23</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:num><m:den><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>S</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>12</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:den></m:f></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -10.5pt; position: relative; top: 10.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75"
style='width:130.5pt;height:24pt'>
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o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="32" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image153.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="174" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Keterangan:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSup><m:sSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSupPr><m:e><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>S</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>t</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:e><m:sup><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sup></m:sSup></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:15.75pt;height:17.25pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image150.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="23" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image151.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="21" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> = varians skor murni<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>S</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>JK</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -7.0pt; position: relative; top: 7.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:16.5pt;height:17.25pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image154.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="23" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image155.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="22" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> = kovarians belahan j dan belahan k<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Kemudian estimasi koefisien reliabilitas digunakan rumus
berikut. </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>ρ</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>xx</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>'</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:18.75pt;height:16.5pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image156.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="22" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image157.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="25" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">= </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:f><m:fPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><m:sSup><m:sSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSupPr><m:e><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>S</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>t</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:e><m:sup><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sup></m:sSup></m:num><m:den><m:sSup><m:sSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSupPr><m:e><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>S</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>x</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:e><m:sup><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sup></m:sSup></m:den></m:f></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -10.5pt; position: relative; top: 10.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75"
style='width:13.5pt;height:26.25pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image158.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="35" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image159.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="18" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">f.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Pendekatan
<i>analisis Varians</i><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Di samping menggunakan teknik-teknik korelasi, reliabilitas
tes dapat diestimasi melalui pendekatan analisis varians yang antara lain
diusulkan oleh Hoyt (1941) (Harun dan Mansur). Konsep dalam analisis Hyot
adalah dengan memperhatikan distribusi butir keseluruhan subjek sebagai data
yang diperoleh dari desain eksperimen factorial dua jalur tanpa replikasi, yang
dikenal pula sebagai item <i>by subject
design</i>. Setiap butir dianggap seakan suatu<i> treatmen </i>atau perlakuan yang berbeda sehingga setiap kali subject
dihadapkan pada suatu butir seakan-akan ia berada pada suatu perlakuan yang
berbeda. Dengan demikian banyaknya butir sama dengan banyaknya perlakuan. Untuk
menghitung koefisien reliabilitas dengan metode s Hyot adalah:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>ρ</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>xx</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>'</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:18.75pt;height:16.5pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image156.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="22" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image157.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="25" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">= </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:f><m:fPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>MK</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>is</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:num><m:den><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>MK</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>s</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:den></m:f></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -10.5pt; position: relative; top: 10.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75"
style='width:20.25pt;height:24pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image160.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="32" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image161.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="27" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Dimana:
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>MK</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>is</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:25.5pt;height:16.5pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image162.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="22" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image163.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="34" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> = rata-rata kuadrat interaksi butir dengan
subjek<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>MK</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>s</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:22.5pt;height:16.5pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image164.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="22" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image165.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="30" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> = rata-rata kuadrat antar subjek<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Rata-rata kuadrat (MK) dapat dihitung dengan rumus,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Mkis = </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:f><m:fPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><m:sSup><m:sSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSupPr><m:e><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>⅀</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>i</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sup><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sup></m:sSup><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>-</m:r></span></i><m:f><m:fPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>⅀</m:r></span></i><m:sSup><m:sSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSupPr><m:e><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>X</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sup><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sup></m:sSup></m:num><m:den><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>k</m:r></span></i></m:den></m:f><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>-</m:r></span></i><m:f><m:fPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>⅀</m:r></span></i><m:sSup><m:sSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSupPr><m:e><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>Y</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sup><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sup></m:sSup></m:num><m:den><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>n</m:r></span></i></m:den></m:f><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>+</m:r></span></i><m:f><m:fPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>(</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>⅀</m:r></span></i><m:sSup><m:sSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSupPr><m:e><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>i</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sup><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sup></m:sSup><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>)</m:r></span></i></m:num><m:den><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>nk</m:r></span></i></m:den></m:f></m:num><m:den><m:d><m:dPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:dPr><m:e><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>n</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>-</m:r></span></i><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>1</m:r></span></i></m:e></m:d><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>(</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>k</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>-</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>1)</m:r></span></i></m:den></m:f></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -10.5pt; position: relative; top: 10.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75"
style='width:80.25pt;height:32.25pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image166.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="43" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image167.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="107" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Mkis = </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:f><m:fPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><m:f><m:fPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>⅀</m:r></span></i><m:sSup><m:sSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSupPr><m:e><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>X</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sup><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sup></m:sSup></m:num><m:den><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>k</m:r></span></i></m:den></m:f><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>-</m:r></span></i><m:f><m:fPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>(</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>⅀</m:r></span></i><m:sSup><m:sSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSupPr><m:e><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>i</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sup><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sup></m:sSup><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>)</m:r></span></i></m:num><m:den><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>nk</m:r></span></i></m:den></m:f></m:num><m:den><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>(</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>n</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>-</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>1)</m:r></span></i></m:den></m:f></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -10.5pt; position: relative; top: 10.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75"
style='width:39pt;height:32.25pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image168.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="43" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image169.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="52" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Dimana:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">i = skor
subjek pada butir ke-i<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">X = jumlah skor
subjek pada seluruh butir<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Y = jumlah skor
seluruh subjek pada satu butir<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">k = banyaknya
butir<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">n = banyaknya
subjek<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">hasil yang diperoleh dengan metode
ini, hampir sama dengan koefisien reliabilitas jika kita yang dihitung dengan
formula KR-20. Untuk butir dikotomi secara aljabar reliabilitas Hyot adalah
identik dengan KR-20.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt; text-indent: 36pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">g.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Reliabilitas
belah dua dengan panjang berbeda<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Dalam melakukan pembagian tes menjadi dua bagian,
kadang-kadang jumlah butir kedua bagian tersebut tidak sama, akibatnya kita
tidak dapat menghitung estimasi reliabilitas dengan formula yang telah
dijelaskan sebelumnya, oleh karena asumsi t-equivalent tak terpenuhi. Untuk
mengatasi permasalahan tersebut, Feldt (1975) (Harun dan Mansur) memberikan
suatu formula dengan rumusan:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>ρ</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>xx</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>'</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:18.75pt;height:16.5pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image156.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="22" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image157.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="25" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> = </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:f><m:fPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>4</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>s</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>12</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:num><m:den><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><m:sSup><m:sSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSupPr><m:e><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>S</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sup><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sup></m:sSup></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>x</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>-</m:r></span></i><m:f><m:fPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>(</m:r></span></i><m:sSup><m:sSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSupPr><m:e><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>S</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>1</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sup><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sup></m:sSup><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>-</m:r></span></i><m:sSup><m:sSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSupPr><m:e><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>S</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sup><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sup></m:sSup></m:num><m:den><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><m:sSup><m:sSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSupPr><m:e><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>S</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sup><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sup></m:sSup></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>x</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:den></m:f></m:den></m:f></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -18.0pt; position: relative; top: 18.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75"
style='width:54.75pt;height:31.5pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image170.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="42" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image171.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="73" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Dimana:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>ρ</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>xx</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>'</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:18.75pt;height:16.5pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image156.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="22" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image157.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="25" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> = Reliabilitas tes<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>S</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>12</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:15.75pt;height:16.5pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image172.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="22" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image173.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="21" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> = kovarians belahan 1 dan 2 <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSup><m:sSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSupPr><m:e><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>S</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>1</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sup><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sup></m:sSup></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:18.75pt;height:16.5pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image174.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="22" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image175.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="25" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> = varians belahan
j,j = 1.2<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><m:sSup><m:sSupPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSupPr><m:e><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>S</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sup><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sup></m:sSup></m:e><m:sub><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>x</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; position: relative; top: 5.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:18pt;height:16.5pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image176.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="22" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image177.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="24" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> = varians skor
total x<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">h.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Persamaan
Hoyt<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Rumusnya
<!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1045" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:144.75pt;
height:30.75pt' o:ole="">
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image178.wmz"
o:title=""/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img border="0" height="41" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image179.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1045" width="193" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.3" ShapeID="_x0000_i1045"
DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1418677339">
</o:OLEObject>
</xml><![endif]--><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Keterangan:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">r<sub>11 = </sub>reliabilitas seluruh soal<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Vr = varians responden<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Vs = varians sisa<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Untuk
mencari reliabilitas suatu soal dilakukan dengan langkah-langkah sebagai
berikut.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Langkah 1</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">.
Mencari jumlah kuadrat responden dengan rumus:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<sub><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-text-raise: -12.0pt; position: relative; top: 12.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1046" type="#_x0000_t75"
style='width:129pt;height:50.25pt' o:ole="">
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image180.wmz"
o:title=""/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img border="0" height="67" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image181.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1046" width="172" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.3" ShapeID="_x0000_i1046"
DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1418677340">
</o:OLEObject>
</xml><![endif]--></span></sub><sub><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></sub></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Keterangan:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Jk<sub>(r)</sub> = jumlah kuadrat responden<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">X<sub>t</sub> = skoe total tiap responden<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">k = banyaknya item<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">N = banyaknya responden atau subyek<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Langkah 2</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">.
Mencari jumlah kuadrat item dengan rumus:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<sub><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1047" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:120.75pt;height:36.75pt'
o:ole="">
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image182.wmz"
o:title=""/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img border="0" height="49" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image183.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1047" width="161" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.3" ShapeID="_x0000_i1047"
DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1418677341">
</o:OLEObject>
</xml><![endif]--><o:p></o:p></span></sub></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Keterangan:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Jk<sub>(i)</sub> = jumlah kuadrat item<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">∑B<sup>2</sup> = jumlah kuadrat jawab benar seluruh item<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">(∑X<sub>t</sub>)<sup>2</sup> = kuadrat dari jumlah skor total.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Langkah 3</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">.
Mencari jumlah kuadrat total dengan rumus:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1048" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:107.25pt;height:38.25pt'
o:ole="">
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image184.wmz"
o:title=""/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img border="0" height="51" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image185.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1048" width="143" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.3" ShapeID="_x0000_i1048"
DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1418677342">
</o:OLEObject>
</xml><![endif]--><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Keterangan:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Jk<sub>(t)</sub> = jumlah kuadrat total<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">∑B = jumlah jawab benar seluruh item<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">∑S = jumlah jawab salah seluruh item<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Langkah 4</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">.
Mencari jumlah kuadrat sisa, dengan rumus:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Jk<sub>(s)
</sub>= Jk<sub>(t)</sub>- Jk<sub>(r)</sub>- Jk<sub>(i)</sub><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Langkah 5</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">.
Mencari varians responden dan varians sisa dengan
tabel
F<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Dalam
mencari varians ini diperlukan d.b (derajat kebebasan) dari masing-masing
sumber varians kemudian d.b ini digunakan sebagai penyebut terhadap setiap
jumlah kuadrat untuk memperoleh variansi<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">d.b
= banyaknya N setiap sumber variansi dikurangi 1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">jadi
variansi = </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:f><m:fPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>jumla</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>h</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r> </m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>kuadrat</m:r></span></i></m:num><m:den><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>d</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>.</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>b</m:r></span></i></m:den></m:f></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -9.0pt; position: relative; top: 9.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:68.25pt;height:23.25pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image186.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="31" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image187.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="91" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">langkah
6. Memasukkan ke dalam rumus r<sub>11</sub></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">i.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Persamaan
<i>product moment</i><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-text-raise: -21.0pt; position: relative; top: 21.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1049"
type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:119.25pt;height:42.75pt' o:ole="">
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image023.wmz"
o:title=""/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img border="0" height="57" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image188.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1049" width="159" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.3" ShapeID="_x0000_i1049"
DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1418677344">
</o:OLEObject>
</xml><![endif]--></span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Rumus korelasi produk moment<i> </i>dengan angka besar<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 108pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-text-raise: -18.0pt; position: relative; top: 18.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1050" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:264pt;height:44.25pt' o:ole="">
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image189.wmz"
o:title=""/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img border="0" height="59" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image190.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1050" width="352" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.3" ShapeID="_x0000_i1050"
DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1418677345">
</o:OLEObject>
</xml><![endif]--></span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Keterangan<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">r<sub>xy</sub> = Koefisien korelasi antara variable x
dan y. (x=X-<span style="mso-text-raise: -2.0pt; position: relative; top: 2.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1051" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:13.5pt;height:15pt' o:ole="">
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image027.wmz"
o:title=""/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img border="0" height="20" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image028.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1051" width="18" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.3" ShapeID="_x0000_i1051"
DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1418677346">
</o:OLEObject>
</xml><![endif]--></span>dan y=Y-<span style="mso-text-raise: -2.0pt; position: relative; top: 2.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1052" type="#_x0000_t75"
style='width:12pt;height:15pt' o:ole="">
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image029.wmz"
o:title=""/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img border="0" height="20" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image030.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1052" width="16" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.3" ShapeID="_x0000_i1052"
DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1418677347">
</o:OLEObject>
</xml><![endif]--><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-text-raise: -7.0pt; position: relative; top: 7.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1053"
type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:20.25pt;height:18.75pt' o:ole="">
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image031.wmz"
o:title=""/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img border="0" height="25" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image032.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1053" width="27" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.3" ShapeID="_x0000_i1053"
DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1418677348">
</o:OLEObject>
</xml><![endif]--></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> =
Jumlah perkalian x dan y<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">x<sup>2</sup>
= Kuadrat dari x<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">y<sup>2 </sup>= kuadrat dari y<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">N = Jumlah data<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Analisis butir dalam asesmen<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">a.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Tingkat
kesukaran<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Menurut Koyan
(2011), taraf kesukaran tes adalah kesulitan ts dipandang dari kemampuan
peserta didik untuk menjawab soal tersebut, itu artinya tes tersebut akan lebih
banyak dapat dijawab benar oleh peserta didik yang pandai dan lebih banyak
dijawab salah oleh peserta didik yang bodoh. Tarf kesukaran tes yang baik
adalah antara 20% atau antara 30%-70%.<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 18pt; text-indent: 36pt;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Cara
Menghitung Tingkat Kesukaran Tes (P)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Tingkat kesukaran tes merupakan bilangan
yang menunjukkan proporsi peserta ujian yang dapat menjawab betul butir soal
tersebut. Sedangkan tingkat kesukaran peringkat tes adalah bilangan yang
menunjukkan rata-rata proporsi tes yang dapat menjawab seluruh tes tersebut.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Rumus:
Pp = </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:f><m:fPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><m:r>∑</m:r></span></i><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>P</m:r></span></i></m:num><m:den><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>n</m:r></span></i></m:den></m:f></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -9.0pt; position: relative; top: 9.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:12pt;height:23.25pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image191.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="31" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image192.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="16" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Keterangan
: <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Pp
= tingkat kesukaran perangkat tes<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> P =
tingkat kesukaran tiap butir<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> N =
banyaknya butir tes<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Tingkat
ksukaran tiap butir, dihitung dengan :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Rumus
: P = </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:f><m:fPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>nB</m:r></span></i></m:num><m:den><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>n</m:r></span></i></m:den></m:f></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -9.0pt; position: relative; top: 9.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:11.25pt;height:22.5pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image193.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="30" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image194.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="15" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Keterangan
:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> P =
tingkat kesukaran butir tes<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> nB =
banyaknya subyek yang menjawab soal dengan betul <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> n =
jumlah subyek (testee) seluruhnya<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Kriteria
tingkat kesukaran (P):<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> 0,00-0,29 = sukar<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> 0,30-0,70 =sedang <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> 0,71-1,00 = mudah<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Tes
yang baik adalah tes yang memiliki taraf kesukaran antara 0,25-0,75
(Fernandes,1984 dalam Koyan 2011).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">b.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Daya
Pembeda Tes<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Dalam Koyan (2011) daya pembeda tes
adalah kemampuan tes untuk membedakan antara peserta didik yang pandai dan
bodoh, itu artinya jika tes tersebut diberikan kepada peserta didik yang
tergolong bodoh akan lebih banyak dijawab salah. Daya pembeda tes yang baik
adalah antara 20%-80% atau antara 30%-70%. Rumus untuk menghitung tingkat daya
beda tes adalah sebagai berikut:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Dp
= </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:f><m:fPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr
m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>∑</m:r></span><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr
m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr> (P</m:r><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr
m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr><sub>A</sub></m:r></span><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr
m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>-</m:r></span><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr
m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>P</m:r><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr
m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr><sub>B</sub></m:r><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr
m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>)</m:r></span></m:num><m:den><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>n</m:r></span></i></m:den></m:f></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -9.0pt; position: relative; top: 9.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:43.5pt;height:23.25pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image195.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="31" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image196.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="58" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Dp = Daya beda tes<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">N = jumlah butir tes<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Rumus
untuk menghitung daya beda butir tes adalah sebagai berikut :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">D<sub>B</sub>
= </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:f><m:fPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>nBA</m:r></span></i></m:num><m:den><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>nA</m:r></span></i></m:den></m:f></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -9.0pt; position: relative; top: 9.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:17.25pt;height:22.5pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image197.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="30" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image198.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="23" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> - </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:f><m:fPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>nBB</m:r></span></i></m:num><m:den><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><m:r>nB</m:r></span></i></m:den></m:f></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -9.0pt; position: relative; top: 9.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:17.25pt;height:22.5pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image199.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="30" src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image200.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="23" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> atau D= P<sub>A</sub> - P<sub>B<o:p></o:p></sub></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Keterangan
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">nB<sub>A</sub>=
jumlah subyek yang menjawab benar pada kelompok atas<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">nB<sub>B</sub>
=<sub> </sub>jumlah subyek yang menjawab benar pada kelompok bawah<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">n<sub>A</sub>
= jumlah subyek kelompok atas <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">n<sub>B</sub>=
jumlah subyek kelompok bawah<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Kriteria
Daya Beda (D) :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> 0,00 – 0,19 = kurang baik<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> 0,20 -0,39
= cukup baik<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> 0,40 – 0,70 = Baik<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> 0,71-1,00
= sangat baik<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">c.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Analisis
Pengecoh<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Menurut Koyan (2011)
pengecoh atau distractor yang baik adalah pengecoh yang dapat mengecoh peserta
didik, itu artinya pengecoh tersebut dipilih oleh 2 % atau 3 % dari peserta
tes. Pengecoh yang efektif ialah pengecoh yang dipilih oleh minimal 2-3% dari
pengikut tes. Berikut ini merupakan contoh cara menghitung efektivitas pengecoh
untuk 1 butir tes objektif yang memiliki 4 option a, b, c, dan d<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoTableGrid" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; margin-left: 61.85pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 83.4pt;" valign="top" width="111">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Pilihan<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.5pt;" valign="top" width="57">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">A*<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.55pt;" valign="top" width="57">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">B<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.5pt;" valign="top" width="57">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">C<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 35.45pt;" valign="top" width="47">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">D<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 1.0cm;" valign="top" width="38">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 70.85pt;" valign="top" width="94">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">*kunci<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 83.4pt;" valign="top" width="111">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Kelompok atas<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.5pt;" valign="top" width="57">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">5<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.55pt;" valign="top" width="57">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">4<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.5pt;" valign="top" width="57">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">0<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 35.45pt;" valign="top" width="47">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 1.0cm;" valign="top" width="38">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">10<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 70.85pt;" valign="top" width="94">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 83.4pt;" valign="top" width="111">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Kelompok bawah<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.5pt;" valign="top" width="57">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">3<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.55pt;" valign="top" width="57">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">3<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.5pt;" valign="top" width="57">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">0<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 35.45pt;" valign="top" width="47">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">4<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 1.0cm;" valign="top" width="38">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">10<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 70.85pt;" valign="top" width="94">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 83.4pt;" valign="top" width="111">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Jumlah<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.5pt;" valign="top" width="57">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">8<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.55pt;" valign="top" width="57">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">7<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.5pt;" valign="top" width="57">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">0<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 35.45pt;" valign="top" width="47">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">5<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 1.0cm;" valign="top" width="38">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">20<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 70.85pt;" valign="top" width="94">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Kunci jawaban betul untuk soal di atas
adalah pilihan jawaban (a). pilihan jawaban b, c, dan d sebagai pengecoh. Pada
umumnya sebuah pengecoh yang baik dapat mengundang jawaban lebih besar
jumlahnya pada peserta didik kelompok lemah, dan lebih sedikit pada kelompok
pandai. Pilihan jawabn b, sebagai pengecoh tidak efektif, sebab menarik jawaban
lebih banyak dari kelompok peserta didik pandai. Kejadian itu disebabkan karena
distractor (b) membingungkan. Pilihan jawaban c sama sekali tidak efektif,
karena tidak dapat menarik jawaban seorangpun. Pilihan jawaban d dipandang
memenuhi fungsinya, sebab dapat mengundang jawaban oleh peserta didik kelompok
pandai yang lebih sedikit.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">d.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Analisis
Butir Soal Menurut Teori Respons Butir<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Telah diuraikan diatas, bahwa analisis
butir soal yang digunakan berdasarkan pendekatan lteori tes klasik, bekerja
dengan asumsi bahwa: <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Tidak
ada toleransi antara skor yang sebenarnya dan skor kesalahan,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Sepanjang
tidak terjadi kesalahan sistematik, maka tidak ada kolerasi antara kesalahan
acak pada suatu pengukuran dengan kesalahan acak pada ulangan pengukuran,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Besarnya
rerata kesalahan acak sama dengan nol.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Penggunaan
teori klasik dalam menganalisis butir soal, memiliki beberapa kelemahan sebagai
berikut : <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Statistic
butir tes berupa tingkat kesukaran dan daya beda butir soal, sangat tergantung
pada karakteristik peserta tes. Jika kemampuan peserta rendah, maka tingkat
kesukaran butir soal akan tinggi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Etimasi
kemampuan peserta tergantung kepada butir soal yang diujikan. Bila indeks
kesukaran kecil, etimasi kemampuan sesorang akan tinggi, demikian pula
sebaliknya.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Estimasi
skor kesalahan berlaku untuk semua peserta tes. Kesalahan untuk tiap peserta
tes besarnya sama, yang dinyatakan dalam bentuk kesalahan baku pengukuran.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">4)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Tidak
ada informasi tentang respons setiap peserta ujian terhadap tiap butir soal.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">e.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Analisis
Hasil Tes dan Tindak Lanjutnya</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Bagi
para siswa, hasil tes yang diselenggarakan oleh guru mempunyai banyak kegunaan,
antara lain adalah :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Dapat
mengetahui apakah ia sudah menguasai bahan yang disajikan oleh guru,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Dapat
mengetahui bagian mana yang belum dikuasainya sehingga ia berusaha untuk
mempelajarinya lagi sebagai upaya perbaikan,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Dapat
menjadi penguatan bagi siswa yang sudah memperoleh skor tinggi dan menjadi
dorongan untuk belajar lagi,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">4)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Dapat
menjadi diagnosis bagi siswa,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Untuk dapat
memanfaatkan hasil ujian secara efektif, perlu dilakukan analisis terhadap
hasil tes/hasil ujian yang telah dicapai oleh para siswa. Caranya dengan
membuat tabel spesifikasi yang mampu menunjukkan konsep/subkonsep atau
tema/subtema kompetensi dasar mana yang belum dikuasai siswa.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Contoh tabel
spesifikasi hasil analisis hasil tes untuk mata pelajaran Biologi<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Nama Siswa : Dika Kelas :1 IA<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<table align="right" border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; margin-left: 6.75pt; margin-right: 6.75pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid black; mso-border-insidev: .5pt solid black; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-table-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-table-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-table-layout-alt: fixed; mso-table-left: right; mso-table-lspace: 9.0pt; mso-table-rspace: 9.0pt; mso-table-top: 115.35pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184;">
<tbody>
<tr style="height: 51.0pt; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0;">
<td style="border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 51.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 104.65pt;" valign="top" width="140">
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: -4.5pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: right; mso-element-top: 115.35pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Kompetensi Dasar<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 51.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 49.6pt;" valign="top" width="66">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: right; mso-element-top: 115.35pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">jumlah Butir<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 51.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 49.6pt;" valign="top" width="66">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: right; mso-element-top: 115.35pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Jumlah yang
betul<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 51.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 63.8pt;" valign="top" width="85">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: right; mso-element-top: 115.35pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Persen
pencapaian<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 51.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 63.8pt;" valign="top" width="85">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: right; mso-element-top: 115.35pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Penguasaan<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 51.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 76.25pt;" valign="top" width="102">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: right; mso-element-top: 115.35pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Keterangan<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 49.15pt; mso-yfti-irow: 1;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 49.15pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 104.65pt;" valign="top" width="140">
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 18.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: right; mso-element-top: 115.35pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l28 level1 lfo31; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Mendeskripsikan
keterampilan dasar dan keterampilan sains<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 49.15pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 49.6pt;" valign="top" width="66">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: right; mso-element-top: 115.35pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">20<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 49.15pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 49.6pt;" valign="top" width="66">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: right; mso-element-top: 115.35pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">15<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 49.15pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 63.8pt;" valign="top" width="85">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: right; mso-element-top: 115.35pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">75<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 49.15pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 63.8pt;" valign="top" width="85">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: right; mso-element-top: 115.35pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">V<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 49.15pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 76.25pt;" valign="top" width="102">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: right; mso-element-top: 115.35pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Menguasai
seluruh keterampilan dasar IPA, dan menguasai keterampilan proses IPA berupa
mentabulasi data, membuat grafik, tetapi belum menguasai proses IPA dalam hal
melakukan inferensi, prediksi, dan menentukan variabel bebas dan variabel<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: right; mso-element-top: 115.35pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 49.15pt; mso-yfti-irow: 2; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 49.15pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 104.65pt;" valign="top" width="140">
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 18.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: right; mso-element-top: 115.35pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l22 level1 lfo32; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Mengenal
langkah-langkah-langkah pemecahan masalah melalui metode eksperimen
(percobaan)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 49.15pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 49.6pt;" valign="top" width="66">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: right; mso-element-top: 115.35pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">30<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 49.15pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 49.6pt;" valign="top" width="66">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: right; mso-element-top: 115.35pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">15<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 49.15pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 63.8pt;" valign="top" width="85">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: right; mso-element-top: 115.35pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">50<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 49.15pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 63.8pt;" valign="top" width="85">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: right; mso-element-top: 115.35pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">15<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 49.15pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 76.25pt;" valign="top" width="102">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: right; mso-element-top: 115.35pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Hanya
menguasai kemampuan merumuskan tujuan dan manfaat percobaan, menentukan
treament, dan menentukan kelompok kontrol. Belum menguasai kemampuan
merumuskan persoalan, memilih hal-hal yang harus dimuat dalam tinjauan
pustaka, merumuskan hipotesis, dan menyiapkan tabel hasil percobaan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Standar
Keberhasilan : batas penguasaan 75 Sumber
: Mardapi (2004)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Berdasarkan tabel,
dampaknya Diana masih terbatas menguasai kemampuan mendeskripsikan keterampilan
dasar dan keterampilan sains dan gagal menguasai eksperimen (percobaan). Dengan
demikian, guru harus mengetahui persis dalam hal ini Diana perlu mendapat
bimbingan melalui program perbaikan atau remidi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">f.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Bentuk
Laporan<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Laporan
hasil belajar siswa yang baik seharusnya mencangkup aspek kognitif, aspek
psikomotorik, dan aspek afektif. Berikut ini macam-macam laporan (dalam Harun,
2007 :242) adalah :<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Laporan
untuk Siswa<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Untuk
menginformasikan hasil belajar siswa dapat diperoleh melalui ujian, kuesioner
atau angket, wawancara, atau pengamatan. Informasi hasil ujian dapat
dimanfaatkan siswa untuk :<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 94.5pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">a.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Mengetahui
kemajuan hasil belajar diri,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 94.5pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">b.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Mengetahui
konsep-konsep atau teori-teori yang belum dikuasai,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 94.5pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">c.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Memotivasi
diri untuk belajar lebih baik,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">d.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Memperbaiki
strategi belajar.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Selanjutnya dalam memberi
informasi yang akurat dapat dimanfaatkan siswa seoptimal mungkin, maka laporan
yang diberikan kepada siswa harus berisi tentang :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 94.5pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">a.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Hasil
pencapaian belajar siswa yang dinyatakan dalam bentuk kompetensi dasar yang
sudah dicapai dan belum dicapai,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 94.5pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">b.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Kekuatan
dan kelemahan siswa dalam semua mata pelajaran,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 94.5pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">c.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Minat
siswa pada masing-masing mata pelajaran.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 94.5pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Selain itu juga laporan
harus menggunakan bahasa yang dapt memotivasi siswa untuk belajar lebih
baik.Sehingga format laporan digunakan dalam istilah hasil belajar.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 76.5pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Laporan
untuk Orang tua<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 94.5pt; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Untuk
informasi hasil ujian dimanfaatkan oleh orang tua untuk memotivasi anaknya agar
hasil belajarnya lebih baik dan strategi dalam membantu anaknya belajar.
Informasi ini digunakan orang tua untuk :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 94.5pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">a.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Membantu
anaknya belajar,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 94.5pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">b.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Memotivasi
anaknya belajar,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 94.5pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">c.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Membantu
sekolah untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 94.5pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">d.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Membantu
sekolah dalam melengkapi fasilitas belajar.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 94.5pt; text-indent: 13.5pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Agar
dapat memenuhi kebutuhan orang tua dalam meningkatkan proses pembelajaran,
bentuk laporan hasil ujian harus mencangkup tiga aspek, yaitu : kognitif,
psikomotorik, dan afektif, dan meliputi : kelemahan dan kekuatan siswa,
keterampilan siswa dalam melaksanakan tugas, dan minat siswa terhadap mata
pelajaran tertentu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 76.5pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Laporan
untuk Guru dan Sekolah<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 76.5pt; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Laporan hasil ujian untuk guru dan
kepala sekolah harus mencangkup semua aspek kognitif, psikomotor, dan afektif.
Guru memerlukan informasi yang lebih global untuk masing-masing kelas yang
diajar, sedangkan kepala sekolah memerlukan informasi global untuk semua kelas
dalam satu sekolah, khususnya tentang hasil belajar.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<br />
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17377134775596586890noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2555244029002922290.post-90162813477069832842013-01-02T09:12:00.003-08:002013-01-02T09:12:47.836-08:00METODE PENILAIAN<br />
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<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Pengertian Metode
Penilaian<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Metode
berasal dari bahasa yunani “methodos” yang berarti cara atau jalan yang
ditempuh. Sehubungan dengan upaya ilmiah, maka metode menyangkut masalah cara
kerja untuk dapat memahami objek yang menjadi sasaran ilmu yang bersangkutan. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Berikut ini adalah pengertian dan
definisi Metode menurut para ahli:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Rothwell
& Kazanas<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Metode
adalah cara, pendekatan, atau proses untuk menyampaikan informasi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Titus
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 13.5pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Metode adalah rangkaian cara dan
langkah yang tertib dan terpola untuk menegaskan bidang keilmuan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 14.2pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Macquarie<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Metode
adalah suatu cara melakukan sesuatu, terutama yang berkenaan dengan rencana
tertentu<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 14.2pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">4.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Wiradi<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 14.2pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Metode
adalah seperangkat langkah (apa yang harus dikerjakan) yang tersusun secara
sistematis (urutannya logis)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 14.2pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">5.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Drs.
Agus M. Hardjana<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Metode
adalah cara yang sudah dipikirkan masak-masak dan dilakukan dengan mengikuti
langkah-langkah tertentu guna mencapai tujuan yang hendak dicapai.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Dapat disimpulkan bahwa metode adalah cara
melakukan sesuatu dan rencana dalam pelaksanaan, Penilaian adalah proses
pengumpulan dan pengolahan informasi untuk menentukan pencapaian hasil belajar
peserta didik. , sehingga metode penilaian<b><i> </i></b>adalah cara melakukan rencana pelaksanaan dalam pengolahan informasi untuk
menentukan pencapaian hasil belajar peserta didik.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">A.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Metode
Tes<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Pengertian Tes</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">a.<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Menurut
Cronbach (dalam Koyan,2007), tes adalah suatu prosedur yang sistematis untuk
membandingkan perilaku beberapa orang.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">b.<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Menurut
Fernandez (dalam Koyan,2007), tes adalah suatu prosedur yang sistematis untuk
mengamati perilaku seseorang dan menggambarkannya dengan bantuan skala numerik
atau sistem kategori tertentu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">c.<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Gronlund
dan Linn (dalam Koyan,2007), tes adalah suatu instrument atau prosedur yang
sistematis untuk mengukur suatu perilaku tertentu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 54.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l22 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">d.<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Salvia
dan Ysseldyke (dalam Koyan,2007), tes adalah seperangkat pertanyaan atau
tugas-tugas untuk menentukan bentuk-bentuk respon yang berkenaan dengan
perilaku peserta didik yang dicari.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">e.<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Nitko
(dalam Koyan,2007), mengatakan tes adalah instrument atau prosedur yang
sistematis untuk mengobservasi dan menggambarkan satu atau lebih ciri-ciri
peserta didik dengan menggunakan skala numerik atau klasifikasi tertentu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 54.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l22 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">f.<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Tes
adalah suatu alat yang sudah distandardisasikan untuk mengukur salah satu
sifat, kecakapan atau tingkah laku dengan cara mengukur sesuai dengan sampel
dari sifat, kecakapan atau tingkah laku (Siti Rahayu Haditono, 1987:56)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 54.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l22 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">g.<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Tes adalah suatu metode atau alat
untuk mengadakan penyelidikan yang menggunakan soal-soal, pertanyaan atau
tugas-tugas yang lain dimana persoalan-persoalan atau pertanyaan-pertanyaan itu
telah dipilih dengan seksama dan telah distandardisasikan (Bimo Walgito,
1987:87).</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 1.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Jadi tes adalah suatu instrument atau alat yang
terencana dan sistematis yang berisi seperangkat pertanyaan atau tugas untuk
mengukur suatu perilaku tertentu peserta didik dengan menggunakan bantuan skala
numerik atau kategori tertentu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Jenis-jenis Tes<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Berbicara
mengenai tes yang dapat dipergunakan di sekolah ada banyak jenis tes baik
dipergunakan di sekolah dasar, sekolah lanjutan maupun di perguruan tinggi. Ada
beberapa jenis tes yang bisa dipergunakan untuk ketiga jenjang tersebut, namun
ada juga beberapa jenis tes yang hany dapat dipergunakan untuk jenjang
tertentu. Oemar Hamalik (1989) menyebutkan beberapa jenis tes yang biasa di
gunakan di sekolah dasar, sekolah lanjutan, dan perguruan tinggi. Tes yang
digunakan di sekolah dasar :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">a.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Tes
Membaca<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Di Sekolah Dasar, tes
membaca memperoleh tempat paling utama karena kecakapan membaca (reading skill)
mempunyai peran kunci untuk memperoleh segala macam pengetahuan, meskipun alat
dan sumber belajar yang dapat digunakan peserta didik semakin beraneka ragam
(televisi, radio, situs sejarah, dsb) namun buku dan berbagai macam sumber
bacaan lainnya tetap menempati prioritas tertinggi di dalam upaya mengembangkan
ilmu pengetahuan. Bahwa membaca semakin baik untuk memahami berbagai sumber
bacaan semakin diperlukan ketika orang menempuh pendidikan pada jenjang yang
lebih tinggi. Hal ini penting mungkin untuk mengidentifikasi kemampuan membaca
peserta didik.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l22 level2 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -13.5pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">b.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Tes
Bakat Akademik Kelompok<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Tes jenis ini digunakan
untuk membantu menafsirkan hasil tes membaca dan aspek prestasi akademik
lainnya. Sesuai dengan namanya tes ini dipersiapkan secara kelompok.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l22 level2 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -13.5pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">c.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Tes
Keterampilan Dasar<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Agar memberikan hasil
yang optimal, tes jenis ini sebaiknya dilakukan bersama-sama dengan tes bakat
akademik. Sebaiknya tes ini dilakukan setiap tahun, namun jika dengan
pertimbangan tertentu hanya dapat dilakukan sekali dalam setahun, maka
sebaiknya diberikan kepada peserta didik yang duduk di kelas tiga atau kelas
empat. Sehingga hasil tes tersebut bisa dijadikan dasar untuk merencanakan
program pengajaran individual yang memerlukan pengajaran remedial.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l22 level2 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -13.5pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">d.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Tes
Kesiapan Membaca<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Pada saat mengajar di
sekolah dasar biasanya memerlukan paduan terutama ketika hendak membentuk
kelompok belajar membaca dan menilai kemajuan siswa. Kesiapan membaca ini
merupakan bagian dari panduan tersebut.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l22 level2 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -13.5pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">e.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Tes
Intelegensi Individual<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Untuk mengetahui
kecakapan intelektual secara umum seringkali dilakukan dengan melakukan tes
kelompok. Tidak jarang hasil tes kecakapan intelektual yang dilakukan secara
individual juga diperlukan, terutama jika ada peserta didik yang mengalami
permasalahan terkait dengan kesulitan belajar atau hal-hal psikologis. Karena
kesulitan dan permasalahan yang dihadapi peserta didik sifatnya sangat pribadi,
maka tes intelegensi individual menjadi sebuah pilihan yang tepat.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l22 level2 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -13.5pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">f.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Tes
Hasil Belajar dalam Mata Pelajaran <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Kebanyakan dari tes
jenis ini dibuat oleh guru sesuai dengan kurikulum sekolah, sehingga tes ini
mendapat tempat yang pertama di antara
berbagai jenis tes yang ada dan digunakan di sekolah-sekolah, tes prestasi ini
masih memiliki sejumlah keterbatasan khususnya terkait dengan kegunaanya untuk
membantu guru membuat keputusan instruksional dalam menilai kurikulum sekolah.
Karena itu penggunaan tes-tes lainnya sangat dianjurkan untuk melengkapi
penggunaan tes hasil belajar ini.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l22 level2 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -13.5pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">g.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Jenis
Pengukuran Lainnya<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Tes diagnostic dan tes
klitis adalah dua jenis alat pengukuran lain yang digunakan sebagai pelengkap.
Dua jenis tes ini terutama digunakan untuk mempelajari peserta didik secara
individual. Sebenarnya masih ada jenis tes lain yang kadang-kadang juga
digunakan di sekolah, yaitu tes kepribadian, namun tes ini kurang memperoleh
perhatian karena validitas informasi yang diperoleh bersifat semu dan guru
mengalami kesulitan dalam mengajukan pertanyaan inventori.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-outline-level: 1; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Selanjutnya
Tes Untuk Sekolah Lanjutan<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Di sekolah lanjutan ada sejumlah tes yang digunakan untuk
membantu para peserta didik membuat berbagai macam keputusan terkait dengan
pemilihan jurusan, program studi yang akan ditempuh, dan perencanaan studi.
Tes-tes tersebut adalah tes bakat skolastik, tes membaca, tes bakat khusus, tes
hasil belajar, pengukuran minat, tes prognostic, dan inventori kepribadian dan
penyesuain diri.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Tes bakat skolastik diberikan untuk mendapatkan deskripsi
menyeluruh mengenai kemampuan individu peserta didik, baik secara verbal maupun
non verbal. Dari hasil yang diperoleh dari tes ini guru dapat memutuskan
kurikulum mana yang akan ditempuh oleh individu peserta didik.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Tes prognostic digunakan untuk memprediksi seberapa jauh
seorang peserta didik bisa berhasil di dalam studi. Namun tes ini jarang
dipergunakan karena beberapa pertimbangan antara lain sulitnya memastikan
keberhasilan seorang dan ada banyak data yang bisa digunakan untuk menentukan
kesuksesan seorang. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Inventori
kepribadian dan penyesuain dari digunakan untuk kepentingan bimbingan dan
penyuluhan individu siswa tertentu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18.0pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Fungsi Tes<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Pada
waktu penyusunan tes, maka fungsi tes dapat ditinjau dari 3 hal, yaitu:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 1.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo4; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.15pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">a.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Fungsi
untuk kelas<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo5; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Mengadakan
diagnosis terhadap kesulitan belajar siswa.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo5; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Mengevaluasi
celah antara bakat dengan pencapaian.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo5; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Menaikkan
tingkat prestasi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo5; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">4)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Mengelompokkan
siswa dalam kelas pada waktu metode kelompok.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo5; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">5)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Merencanakan
kegiatan atau proses belajar-mengajar untuk siswa secara perseorangan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo5; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">6)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Menentukan
siswa mana yang memerlukan bimbingan khusus.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo5; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">7)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Menentukan
tingkat pencapaian untuk setiap anak.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 1.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo4; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.15pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">b.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Fungsi
untuk bimbingan<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo6; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Menentukan
arah pembicaraan dengan orang tua tentang anak-anak mereka.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo6; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Membantu
siswa dalam menentukan pilihan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo6; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Membantu
siswa mencapai tujuan pendidikan dan jurusan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo6; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">4)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Memberi
kesempatan kepada pembimbing, guru, dan orang tua dalam memahami kesulitan
anak.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 1.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo4; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.15pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">c.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Fungsi
untuk administrasi<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo7; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Memberi
petunjuk dalam mengelompokkan siswa.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo7; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Penempatan
siswa baru.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo7; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Membantu
siswa memilih kelompok.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo7; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">4)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Menilai
kurikulum.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo7; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">5)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Memperluas
hubungan masyarakat (<i>public relation</i>).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo7; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">6)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Menyediakan
informasi untuk badan-badan lain diluar sekolah.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">4.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Langkah-Langkah Menyusun Tes<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 14.2pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Urutan langkah-langkah yang
dilakukan dalam penyusunan tes adalah:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l19 level1 lfo8; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">a.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Menentukan
tujuan mengadakan tes.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l19 level1 lfo8; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">b.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Mengadakan
pembatasan terhadap bahan yang akan diteskan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l19 level1 lfo8; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">c.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Merumuskan
tujuan instruksional khusus dari tiap bagian bahan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l19 level1 lfo8; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">d.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Menderetkan
semua tujuan instruksional khusus dalam tabel persiapan yang memuat pula aspek
tingkah laku yang terkandung dalam tujuan instruksional khusus. Tabel ini
digunakan untuk mengadakan identifikasi terhadap tingkah laku yang dikehendaki.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l19 level1 lfo8; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">e.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Menyusun
tabel spesifikasi yang memuat pokok materi, aspek berpikir yang diukur.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l19 level1 lfo8; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">f.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Menuliskan
butir-butir soal, didasarkan atas tujuan instruksional khusus yang sudah
dituliskan pada tabel tujuan instruksional khusus dan aspek tingkah laku yang
dicakup.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">5.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Komponen-Komponen Tes<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 14.2pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Komponen-komponen sebuah tes
terdiri atas:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l16 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">a.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Buku
tes, yakni lembaran atau buku yang memuat butir-butir soal yang harus
dikerjakan oleh siswa.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l16 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">b.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Lembar
jawaban tes, yaitu lembaran yang disediakan oleh tester untuk testee untuk
mengerjakan tes. Untuk soal pilihan ganda biasanya dibuatkan lembaran nomor
huruf a, b, c, d menurut banyaknya alternative yang disediakan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l16 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">c.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Kunci
jawaban tes berisi jawaban-jawaban yang dikehendaki. Kunci jawaban ini dapat
berupa huruf-huruf yang dikehendaki atau kata atau kalimat. Untuk tes uraian
yang dituliskan adalah kata-kata kunci ataupun kalimat singkat untuk memberikan
ancar-ancar jawaban<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ide dari pembuatan kunci jawaban
ini adalah agar:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Pemerikasaan
tes dapat dilakukan oleh orang lain.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Pemeriksaannya
betul.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Dilakukan
dengan mudah.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">4)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Sedikitnya
mungkin masuknya unsur subjektif.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l16 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">d.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Pedoman
penilaian berisi keterangan perincian tentang skor atau angka yang diberikan
kepada siswa bagi soal-soal yang telah dikerjakan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">B.
Metode Observasi<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Pengertian
Observasi<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 22.5pt;">
<a href="http://desailmu.blogspot.com/2011/11/metode-observasi.html"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Observasi adalah</span></a><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> suatu
cara pengumpulan data dengan mengadakan pengamatan langsung terhadap suatu
obyek dalam suatu periode tertentu dan mengadakan pencatatan secara sistematis
tentang hal-hal tertentu yang diamati. Banyaknya periode observasi yang perlu
dilakukan dan panjangnya waktu pada setiap periode observasi tergantung kepada
jenis data yang dikumpulkan. Apabila <i>observasi </i>itu
akan dilakukan pada sejumlah orang, dan hasil <i>observasi </i>itu akan digunakan untuk mengadakan perbandingan
antar orang-orang tersebut, maka hendaknya <i>observasi </i>terhadap
masing-masing orang dilakukan dalam situasi yang relatif sama.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 22.5pt;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Sebelum <i>observasi </i>itu
dilaksanakan, pengobservasi (observer) hendaknya telah menetapkan terlebih
dahulu aspek-aspek apayang akan diobservasi dari tingkah laku seseorang.
Aspek-aspek tersebut hendaknya telah dirumuskan secara operasional, sehingga
tingkah laku yang akan dicatat nanti dalam observasi hanyalah apa-apa yang
telah dirumuskan tersebut.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Tujuan
Observasi<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">a.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Mengumpulkan
data dan inforamsi mengenai suatu fenomena, baik yang berupa peristiwa maupun
tindakan, baik dalam situasi yang sesungguhnya maupun dalam situasi buatan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 54.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo20; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">b.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Mengukur
perilaku kelas (baik perilaku guru maupun peserta didik), interaksi antara
peserta didik dan guru, dan faktor-faktor yang dapat diamati lainnya, terutama
kecakapan sosial (social skill).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">c.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Menilai
tingkah laku individu atau proses yang tejadi dalam situasi sebenarnya maupun
situasi yang sengaja dibuat. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 54.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Dalam evaluasi
pembelajaran, observasi dapat digunakan untuk menilai proses dan hasil belajar
peserta didik pada waktu belajar belajar, berdiskusi, mengerjakan tugas, dan
lain-lain. Selain itu, observasi juga dapat digunakan untuk menilai penampilan
guru dalam mengajar, suasana kelas, hubungan sosial sesama, hubungan sosial
sesama peserta didik, hubungan guru dengan peserta didik, dan perilaku sosial
lainnya.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Jenis-jenis
Observasi<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">a.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Observasi
terfokus<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Dalam hal ini tidak ada
kategori-kategori yang harus diikuti. Misalnya saja mengamati seorang anak
secara individu, atau interaksi anak di dalam kelompok. Memang banyak sekali
kejadian di dalam kelas yang membuat guru harus benar-benar selektif terkait
dengan apa yang harus dicatat. Pada dasarnya observasi dalam hal ini bisa
dikelompokkan menjadi dua: observasi yang terencana dan yang spontan. Observasi
yang terencana harus difokuskan pada aspek pembelajaran yang telah ditentukan
sebelumnya. Apa aspek yang akan dijadikan fokus, Anda sebagai guru bisa
bertanya pada diri sendiri. Apa yang ingin saya ketahui tentang proses belajar
siswa? Apa saja yang ingin diketahui para stakeholder? Kurikulum bisa dijadikan
dasar untuk memilih sejumlah kata kunci yang dapat dijadikan fokus observasi.
Untuk pengajaran bahasa, misalnya salah satu tujuan pembelajaran adalah siswa
bisa membaca secara mandiri dengan memilih beberapa strategi dan proses yang
tepat. Dalam hal ini guru menggunakan mandiri sebagai kata kunci yang menjadi
fokus observasinya.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">b.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Observasi
Terbuka <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Banyak upaya untuk melakukan
observasi di kelas termasuk dalam jenis ini. Observasi ini memberi kesempatan
untuk melihat dan mengamati apa yang sedang terjadi. Contoh observasi terbuka
adalah manakala seorang guru mengamati bagaimana anak-anak berpindah-pindah
mengelilingi ruangan, bagaimana mereka menggunakan berbagai fasilitas yang ada,
apa yang menyebabkan kesulitan bagi mereka dan mengganggu kelancaran belajar
mereka. Kemudian guru tersebut membuat sebuah diagram skala dari ruang beserta
perabotannya, dan bersama anak-anak membuat model penataan alternatif atau
layout yang memungkinkan, sambil mencoba beberapa kemungkinan. Selanjutnya guru
memusatkan perhatiannya pada beberapa efek dari sejumlah perubahan yang
dilakukannya, termasuk keberhasilan dia melibatkan anak-anak dalam observasi
tersebut. Ternyata hal tersebut memberi mereka banyak informasi. Dalam
kesempatan ini kita akan mempelajari beberapa prosedur mengumpulkan bukti
(evidence) dalam proses asesmen yang dapat digunakan untuk menentukan sejauh
mana siswa dapat memperoleh nilai (value) dari proses pendidikan yang mereka
terima. Masing-masing prosedur sifatnya eksploratif dan harus dimodifikasi agar
sesuai dengan konteks.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo13; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">c.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Merekam
Anekdot<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Observasi kelas merupakan sumber
informasi yang penting di dalam evaluasi. Agar mudah mengamati dan mencatat apa
yang terjadi di dalam kelas guru bisa menggunakan selembar kertas yang cukup
lebar dan selanjutnya menuliskan nama-nama siwa yang diletakkan dalam
kotak-kotak yang telah dibuat sebelumnya. Lembar observasi seperti itu memiliki
sejumlah kelebihan, antara lain membantu guru untuk mengetahui apakah yang
terjadi di kelas untuk masing-masing siswa sudah tercatat dengan baik. Dengan
demikian kotak yang berisi nama-nama siswa bisa terus diisi dengan catatan baru
dan guru pun bisa membagi perhatiannya pada kotak-kotak yang belum terisi
secara optimal yang berarti ada aspek-aspek dari kegiatan siswa tertentu yang
belum tercatat. Selain itu, ruangan tempat mencatat yang terbatas harus menjadi pertimbangan
sehingga catatan yang sifatnya ringkas dan teratur lebih diutamakan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">d.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Berdasarkan
situasi yang diobservasi<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Observasi
terhadap situasi bebas (free situasion), observasi yang dilakukan terhadap
situasi yang terjadi secara wajar, tanpa adanya campur tangan dari
pengobservasi. Misalnya observasi yang dilakukan terhadap siswa-siswa yang
sedang bermain secara bebas.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Observasi
terhadap situasi yang dimanipulasikan (manipulated situasion), yaitu situasi
yang telah dirancang oleh pengobservasi dengan menambahkan satu atau lebih
variabel. Misalnya seorang pengobservasi ingin mengetahui sifat kepemimpinan
sekelompok siswa.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Observasi
terhadap situasi yang setengah terkontrol (partially controlled), jenis
observasi ini adalah merupakan kombinasi dari kedua jenis observasi situasi
bebas dan situasi yang dimanipulasikan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">e.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Berdasarkan
keterlibatan pengobservasi<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Observasi
partisipan <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Observasi partisipan yaitu
observasi yang dilakukan oleh pengamat (guru), dimana pengamat ikut terlibat
dalam kegiatan subyek yang sedang diobservasi. Observasi partisipan dilaksanakan
sepenuhnya jika pengamat betul-betul mengikuti kegiatan kelompok, bukan hanya
berpura-pura. Dengan demikian, ia dapat menghayati dan merasakan seperti apa
yang dirasakan orang-orang dalam kelompok yang diamati. Misalnya seorang guru
bidang studi ingin mengetahui bagaimana antusias siswa-siswanya terhadap mata
pelajaran yang diberikan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Observasi
sistematik<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Observasi sistematik yaitu
observasi dimana faktor-faktor yang diamati sudah didaftar secara sistematis
dan sudah diatur menurut kategorinya. Berbeda dengan orbservasi partisipan,
maka dalam observasi sistematik ini, pengamat berada di luar kelompok. Dengan
demikian maka pengamat tidak dibingungkan oleh situasi yang melingkari dirinya.
Misalnya seorang petugas bimbingan ingin mengetahui bagaimana antusias siswa
terhadap bimbingan karir.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Observasi
eksperimental.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Observasi eksperimental terjadi
jika pengamat tidak berpartisipasi dalam kelompok. Dalam hal ini ia dapat
mengendalikan unsur-unsur penting dalam situasi sedemikian rupa sehingga
situasi itu dapat diatur sesuai dengan tujuan evaluasi. Misalnya guru ingin
mengetahui bagaimana aktivitas siswa dalam melaksanakan suatu tugas kelompok.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">f.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Berdasarkan pencatatan hasil-hasil observasi<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Observasi
berstruktur, aspek-aspek tingkah laku yang akan diobservasi telah dimuat dalam
suatu daftar yang telah disusun secara sistematis. Bentuk catatan yang
sistematis yaitu daftar chek (chek list), adalah suatu daftar yang memuat
catatan tentang sejumlah tingkah laku yang akan diobservasi. Skala bertingkat
(rating scale), adalah gejala-gejala yang akan diobservasi itu didalam
tingkatan-tingkatan yang telah ditentukan. Kelemahan dari observasi berstruktur
ini adalah bahwa pengobservasi sangat terikat dengan daftar yang telah tersusun
sehingga ia tidak mungkin mengembangkan observasinya dengan aspek-aspek lain
yang kebetulan terjadi selama observasi berlangsung. Untuk mengatasi kelemahan
ini, dapat ditempuh dengan cara kombinasi, yaitu menggunakan suatu daftar yang
terperinci tentang tingkah laku yang diobservasi, yang dilengkapi dengan blanko
untuk mencatat tingkah laku tertentu yang muncul, yang belum terekam dalam
daftar.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Observasi
tak berstruktur, dalam melaksanakan observasi ini pengobservasi tidak
menyediakan daftar terlebih dahulu tentang aspek-aspek yang akan diobservasi.
Dalam hal ini pengobservasi mencatat semua tingkah laku yang dianggap penting
dalam suatu periode observasi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">4.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Kelebihan
dan Kekurangan Observasi<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Kelebihan
Observasi<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 63.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo22; text-indent: -13.5pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">a.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Merupakan alat yang langsung untuk
menyelidiki bermacam-macam gejala.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 63.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo22; text-indent: -13.5pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">b.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Untuk subjek yang diselidiki
observasi ini lebih sedikit tuntutannya.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 63.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo22; text-indent: -13.5pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">c.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Memungkinkan pencatatan yang
serempak dengan terjadinya sesuatu gejala.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 63.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo22; text-indent: -13.5pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">d.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Tidak bergantung kepada self-report.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 63.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo22; text-indent: -13.5pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">e.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Banyak kejadian-kejadian penting
tidak dapat diperoleh dengan pengamatan langsung.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Kekurangan Observasi</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 64.35pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo23; text-indent: -14.85pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">a.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Banyak kejadian-kejadian yang tidak
dapat dicapai dengan observasi langsung seperti misalnya kehidupan pribadi
seseorang yang sangat rahasia.</span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 64.35pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo23; text-indent: -14.85pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">b.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Mengetahui jika diselidiki, para
observe mungkin juga untuk maksud-maksud tertentu dengan sengaja menimbulkan
kesan yang menyenangkan atau sebaliknya pada observer.</span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 64.35pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo23; text-indent: -14.85pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">c.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Timbulnya suatu kejadian tidak
selalu dapat diramalkan sehingga observer dapat hadir untuk mengobservasi
kejadian itu.</span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 64.35pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo23; text-indent: -14.85pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">d.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Tugas observasi menjadi terganggu
pada waktu-waktu ada peristiwa-peristiwa yang tidak terduga-duga, seperti
misalnya keadaan cuaca.</span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 64.35pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo23; text-indent: -14.85pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">e.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Terbatasi oleh lamanya kelangsungan
kejadian yang bersangkutan.</span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">5.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Prinsip-prinsip
Observasi <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Untuk memperoleh hasil yang baik,
seseorang yang hendak melakukan pengamatan sebaiknya memerhatikan
prinsip-prinsip pengamatan sebagai berikut.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">a.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Pengamatan
sebagai suatu cara pengumpulan data harus dilakukan secara cermat, jujur, dan
objektif serta terfokus pada objek yang diteliti.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l17 level1 lfo17; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">b.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Dalam
menentukan objek yang hendak diamati, seorang pengamat harus mengingat bahwa
makin banyak objek yang diamati, makin sulit pengamatan dilakukan dan makin
tidak teliti hasilnya.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l17 level1 lfo17; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">c.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Sebelum
pengamatan dilaksanakan, pengamat sebaiknya menentukan cara dan prosedur
pengamatan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l17 level1 lfo17; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">d.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Agar
pengamatan lancar, pengamat perlu memahami apa yang hendak dicatat serta
bagaimana<b> </b>membuat catatan atas hasil
pengamatan yang terkumpul.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">6.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Instrumen
yang Digunakan dalam Melakukan Observasi<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Instrumen yang digunakan dalam
melakukan observasi, yaitu checklist, rating scale, anecdotal record, catatan berkala,
dan mechanical device.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo18; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">a.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Check
list, merupakan suatu daftar yang berisikan nama-nama responden dan faktor-
faktor yang akan diamati.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo18; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">b.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Rating
scale, merupakan instrumen untuk mencatat gejala menurut tingkatan-
tingkatannya.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo18; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">c.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Anecdotal
record, merupakan catatan yang dibuat oleh peneliti mengenai kelakuan-kelakuan
luar biasa yang ditampilkan oleh responden.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo18; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">d.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Mechanical
device, merupakan alat mekanik yang digunakan untuk memotret peristiwa-
peristiwa tertentu yang ditampilkan oleh responden.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17377134775596586890noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2555244029002922290.post-36124426668911836622013-01-02T09:10:00.004-08:002013-01-02T09:10:33.371-08:00Konsep Dasar Penilaian (Asesmen)<br />
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">A.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Pengertian
Penilaian<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Penilaian merupakan komponen penting dalam penyelenggaraan
pendidikan. Upaya meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan dapat ditempuh melalui peningkatan
kualitas pembelajaran yang baik akan menghasilkan kualitas belajar yang baik.
Keduanya saling terkait, system pembelajaran yang baik akan menghasilkan kualitas
belajar yang baik. Kualitas pembelajaran dapat dilihat dari hasil penilaiannya.
Selanjutnya penilaian yang baik akan mendorong pendidik untuk menentukan strategi
mengajar yang baik dan memotivasi peserta didik, oleh karena itu, dalam upaya peningkatan
kualitas pendidikan diperlukan perbaikan system penilaian yang diterapkan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Upaya peningkatan kualitas pendidikan
diperlukan peningkatan kualitas system penilaian. Dengan demikian, amanat Undang-undang
Sistem Pendidikan Nasional Tahun 2003 pasal 58 ayat (1) bahwa “evaluasi hasil belajar peserta didik
dilakukan oleh pendidikan untuk memantau proses, kemajuan, dan perbaikan hasil belajar
peserta didik secara berkesinambungan”. Dapat diwujudkan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Penilaian didefinisikan sebagai
proses pengumpulan informasi tentang kinerja siswa, untuk digunakan sebagai dasar
dalam membuat keputusan (Weeden, Winter &Broadfood; 2002, Bott: 1996,
Nitko; 1996, Mardapi; 2004) mendefisikan penilaian sebagai semua aktifitas yang
dilakukan oleh guru dan siswa untuk menilai diri mereka sendiri yang memberikan
informasi untuk digunakan sebagai umpan balik. Dececho (Ebel&Fribie, 1986)
mengatakan bahwa umpan balik loop kesemua komponen pembelajaran digunakan oleh
guru sebagai prosedur manajemen dan diagnostik.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Berdasarkan definisi tersebut,
penekanan pada usaha yang dilakukan oleh guru maupun siswa memperoleh informasi
yang berkaitan dengan pembelajaran yang mereka lakukan. Informasi yang
berkaitan dengan pembelajaran yang mereka lakukan agar aktifitas mengajar lebih
baik dari sebelumnya.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">B.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Fungsi
Penilaian<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Makna penilaian ditinjau dari berbagai segi dalam
system pendidikan, maka dengan cara lain dapat dikatakan bahwa fungsi penilaian
ada beberapa hal :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Penilaian
berfungsi selektif<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Dengan cara mengadakan penilaian
guru mempunyai cara untuk mengadakan seleksi atau penilaian terhadap siswanya.
Penilaian itu sendiri mempunyai berbagai tujuan, antara lain<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Untuk
memilih siswa yang dapat diterima di sekolah tertentu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Untuk
memilih siswa yang dapat naik ke kelas atau tingkat berikutnya.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Untuk
memilih siswa yang seharusnya mendapat beasiswa.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">4)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Untuk
memilih siswa yang sudah berhak meninggalkan sekolah.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Penilaian
berfungsi dignostik<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 90.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Apabila alat yang
digunakan dalam penilaian cukup memenuhi persyaratan, maka dengan melihat hasilnya,
guru akan mengetahui kelemahan siswa, disamping itu diketahui pula sebab-sebab kelemahan
itu. Jadi mengadakan penilaian sebenarnya guru mengadakan diagnosis kepada siswa
tentang kebaikan dan kelemahannya.Dengan diketahuinya sebab-sebab kelemahan ini,
akan lebih mudah dicari cara untuk mengatasi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 90.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Penilaian
berfungsi sebagai penempatan<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 90.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Sistem baru yang kini banyak
dipopulerkan di Negara barat adalah system belajar sendiri. Belajar sendiri dapat
dilakukan dengan cara mempelajari sebuah paket belajar, baik itu berbentuk modul
maupun paket yang lain. Sebagai alasan dari timbulnya system ini adalah adanya pengakuan
yang besar terhadap kemampuan individual. Setiap sejak lahirnya telah membawa bakat
sendiri-sendiri sehinggga pelajaran akan lebih efektif apabila disesuaikan dengan
pembawaan yang ada. Pendekatan yang lebih bersifat melayani perbedaan kemampuan
pengajaran secara kelompok.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 90.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">4.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Penilaian
berfungsi sebagai pengukur keberhasilan<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 90.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Fungsi keempat ini dimaksudkan
untuk mengetahui sejauh mana suatu program berhasil diterapkan. Telah disinggung
pada bagian sebelum ini, keberhasilan program ditentukan oleh beberapa faktor
yaitu faktor guru, metode mengajar, kurikulum, sarana dan system administrasi.<a href="" name="_GoBack"></a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 90.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">C.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Tujuan
Penilaian<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Menurut Weeden, Winter, dan Broadfoot (2002)
mengklasifikasikan tujuan penilaian ada empat hal, yaitu untuk diagnostik
(untuk mengidentifikasikan kinerja siswa), formatif (untuk membantu belajar
siswa), sumatif (untuk reviu, transfer, dan sertifikasi), dan evaluative (untuk
melihat bagaimana kinerja guru atau institusi).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Tujuan penilaian yang dikemukakan diatas, memberi gambaran
bahwa penilaian memegang peranan yang sangat dalam upaya meningkatkan kualitas
pembelajaran. Oleh karena itu, memilih metode penilaian yang tepat untuk
digunakan dalam suatu proses pembelajaran perlu pemikiran dan pertimbangan yang
matang bagi seorang guru. Hal-hal ini yang perlu diperhatikan misalnya
kesesuaian dengan muatan materi pembelajaran, waktu, praktis, dapat
dilaksanakan, dan memberikan informasi yang sesuai untuk digunakan dalam
meningkatkan kualitas belajar siswa. Tujuan utama melakukan asesmen atau
evaluasi dalam pembelajaran adalah memperoleh informasi yang akurat mengenai
tingkat pencapaian proses pembelajaran. Berdasarkan informasi tersebut. Dapat
dilakukan tindak lanjut yang berfungsi evaluasi, yang dapat berupa; Penempatan
yang tepat, pemberian umpan balik, diagnosis kesulitan belajar, penentuan
kenaikan tingkat atau kelulusan pendidikan pada jenjang pendidikan tertentu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 326.3pt 373.8pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">D.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Prinsip
Penilaian<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ada beberapa prinsip yang banyak dijumpai
kepustakaan tentang asesmen atau evaluasi antara lain bahwa asesmen hendaknya
dilakukan secara komprehensif, terpadu, dan berkelanjutan. Prinsip-prinsip
asesmen seperti itu, saat ini dikenal dengan asesmen otentik, asesemen berbasis
kelas, atau asesmen berbasis kompetensi yang dapat berupa esai, tes kinerja,
tugas-tugas, proyek, atau portofolio. Adapun prinsip-prinsip penilaian;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 42.55pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo4; text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.25pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">a)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Valid/sahih<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Penilaian
hasil belajar oleh pendidik harus mengukur pencapaian kompetensi yang
ditetapkan dalam standar isi (standar kompetensi dan kompetensi dasar) dan
standar kompetensi lulusan. Penilaian valid berarti menilai apa yang seharusnya
dinilai dengan menggunakan alat yang sesuai untuk mengukur kompetensi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 42.55pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo4; text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.25pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">b)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Objektif<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Penilaian
hasil belajar peserta didik hendaknya tidak dipengaruhi oleh sebjektivitas
penilai, perbedaan latar belakang agama, sosial-ekonomi, budaya, bahasa,
gender, dan hubungan emosional.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 42.55pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo4; text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.25pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">c)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Transparan/terbuka<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Penilaian
hasil belajar oleh pendidik bersifat terbuka artinya prosedur penilaian,
kriteria penilaian, dan dasar pengambilan keputusan terhadap hasil belajar
peserta didik dapat diketahui oleh semua pihak yang berkepentingan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 42.55pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo4; text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.25pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">d)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Adil<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Penilaian
hasil belajar tidak menguntungkan atau merugikan peserta didik karena
berkebutuhan khusus serta perbedaan latar belakang agama, suku, budaya, adat
istiadat, status sosial ekonomi, dan gender.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 42.55pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo4; text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.25pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">e)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Terpadu<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Terpadu
berarti penilaian oleh pendidik merupakan salah satu komponen yang tak
terpisahkan dari kegiatan pembelajaran.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 42.55pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo4; text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.25pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">f)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Menyeluruh
dan Berkesinambungan<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Artinya
penilaian oleh pendidik mencakup semua aspek kompetensi dengan menggunakan
berbagai teknik penilaian yang sesuai, untuk memantau perkembangan kemampuan
peserta didik.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 42.55pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo4; text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.25pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">g)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Bermakna<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Penilaian
hasil belajar oleh pendidik hendaknya mudah dipahami, mempunyai arti,
bermanfaat, dan dapat ditindaklanjuti oleh semua pihak, terutama guru, peserta
didik, dan orang tua serta masyarakat.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 42.55pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo4; text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.25pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">h)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Sistematis<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Artinya,
penilaian dilakukan secara berencana dan bertahap dengan mengikuti
langkah-langkah baku.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 42.55pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo4; text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.25pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">i)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Akuntabel<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Artinya,
penilaian dapat dipertanggungjawabkan, baik dari segi teknik, prosedur, maupun
hasilnya.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 42.55pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo4; text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.25pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">j)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ber
Acuan Kriteria<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Artinya,
penilaian didasarkan pada ukuran pencapaian kompetensi yang ditetapkan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">E.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Aspek
yang dinilai <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 40.5pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo8; tab-stops: 40.5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">a)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Aspek kognitif <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 40.5pt; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 40.5pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Ranah kognitif berhubungan mencakup
kegiatan mental (otak), menurut bloom segala upaya yang menyangkut aktivitas
otak adalah termasuk dalam ranah kognitif. Erat dengan kemampuan berfikir
termasuk di dalamnya kemampuan menghafal, memahami, mengaplikasi, menganalisis,
mensintesis dan kemampuan mengevaluasi. Dalam ranah ini terdapat 6 aspek atau
jenjang proses berfikir mulai jenjang terendah ke jenjang yang tinggi, yaitu; <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 38.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo10; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt; word-break: break-all;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Pengetahuan/hafalan/ingatan
(knowledge)</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Adalah kemampuan seseorang untuk
mengingat-ingat kembali (recall) atau mengenali kembali tentang nama, istilah,
ide, rumus-rumus, dan sebagainya, tanpa mengharapkan kemampuan untuk menggunakannya.
Pengetahuan atau ingatan adalah merupakan proses berfikir yang paling rendah.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 38.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo10; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Pemahaman
(comprehension)</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Adalah kemampuan seseorang untuk
mengerti atau memahami sesuatu setelah sesuatu itu diketahui dan diingat.
Dengan kata lain, memahami adalah mengetahui tentang sesuatu dan dapat
melihatnya dari berbagai segi. Seseorang peserta didik dikatakan memahami sesuatu
apabila ia dapat memberikan penjelasan atau memberi uraian yang lebih rinci
tentang hal itu dengan menggunakan kata-katanya sendiri. Pemahaman merupakan
jenjang kemampuan berfikir yang setingkat lebih tinggi dari ingatan atau
hafalan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 38.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo10; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt; word-break: break-all;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Penerapan (application)</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Adalah kesanggupan seseorang untuk
menerapkan atau menggunakan ide-ide umum, tata cara ataupun metode-metode,
prinsip-prinsip, rumus-rumus, teori-teori dan sebagainya, dalam situasi yang
baru dan kongkret. Penerapan ini adalah merupakan proses berfikir setingkat
lebih tinggi ketimbang pemahaman.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 38.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo10; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt; word-break: break-all;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">4)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Analisis (analysis)</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Adalah kemampuan seseorang untuk
merinci atau menguraikan suatu bahan atau keadaan menurut bagian-bagian yang
lebih kecil dan mampu memahami hubungan di antara bagian-bagian atau faktor-faktor
yang satu dengan faktor-faktor lainnya. Jenjang analisis adalah setingkat lebih
tinggi ketimbang jenjang aplikasi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 38.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo10; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt; word-break: break-all;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">5)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Sintesis
(</span></b><span class="hps"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">synthesis</span></b></span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Adalah kemampuan berfikir yang
merupakan kebalikan dari proses berfikir analisis. Sintesis merupakan suatu
proses yang memadukan bagian-bagian atau unsur-unsur secara logis, sehingga
menjelma menjadi suatu pola yang yang berstruktur atau berbentuk pola baru.
Jenjang sintesis kedudukannya setingkat lebih tinggi daripada jenjang analisis.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 38.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo10; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt; word-break: break-all;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">6)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Penilaian/penghargaan/evaluasi (evaluation)</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Adalah merupakan jenjang berpikir
paling tinggi dalam ranah kognitif dalam taksonomi Bloom. Penilian/evaluasi
disini merupakan kemampuan seseorang untuk membuat pertimbangan terhadap suatu
kondisi, nilai atau ide.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">b)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Aspek Non kognitif yang terdiri
dari:<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Aspek afektif <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> Ranah
afektif adalah ranah yang berkaitan dengan sikap dan nilai. Ranah afektif
mencakup watak perilaku seperti perasaan, minat, sikap, emosi, dan nilai.
Beberapa pakar mengatakan bahwa sikap seseorang dapat diramalkan perubahannya
bila seseorang telah memiliki kekuasaan kognitif tingkat tinggi. Ciri-ciri
hasil belajar afektif akan tampak pada peserta didik dalam berbagai tingkah
laku.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 58.5pt; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 40.5pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Ranah afektif menjadi lebih rinci
lagi ke dalam lima jenjang, yaitu: (1) receiving (2) responding (3) valuing (4)
organization(5) characterization by evalue or calue complex</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 76.5pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo11; tab-stops: 40.5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "sans-serif","serif"; font-size: 9.5pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: sans-serif; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: sans-serif;">a.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Receiving atau attending (menerima
atua memperhatikan), adalah kepekaan seseorang dalam menerima rangsangan
(stimulus) dari luar yang datang kepada dirinya dalam bentuk masalah, situasi,
gejala dan lain-lain.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 76.5pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo11; tab-stops: 40.5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "sans-serif","serif"; font-size: 9.5pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: sans-serif; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: sans-serif;">b.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Responding (menanggapi) mengandung
arti “adanya partisipasi aktif”. Jadi kemampuan menanggapi adalah kemampuan
yang dimiliki oleh seseorang untuk mengikut sertakan dirinya secara aktif dalam
fenomena tertentu dan membuat reaksi terhadapnya salah satu cara.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 76.5pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo11; tab-stops: 40.5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "sans-serif","serif"; font-size: 9.5pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: sans-serif; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: sans-serif;">c.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Valuing (menilai=menghargai).
Menilai atau menghargai artinya mem-berikan nilai atau memberikan penghargaan
terhadap suatu kegiatan atau obyek, sehingga apabila kegiatan itu tidak
dikerjakan, dirasakan akan membawa kerugian atau penyesalan. Valuing adalah
merupakan tingkat afektif yang lebih tinggi lagi daripada receiving dan
responding.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 76.5pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo11; tab-stops: 40.5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "sans-serif","serif"; font-size: 9.5pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: sans-serif; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: sans-serif;">d.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Organization (mengatur atau
mengorganisasikan), artinya memper-temukan perbedaan nilai sehingga terbentuk
nilai baru yang universal, yang membawa pada perbaikan umum. Mengatur atau
mengorganisasikan merupakan pengembangan dari nilai kedalam satu sistem
organisasi, termasuk didalamnya hubungan satu nilai dengan nilai lain.,
pemantapan dan perioritas nilai yang telah dimilikinya.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 76.5pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo11; tab-stops: 40.5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "sans-serif","serif"; font-size: 9.5pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: sans-serif; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: sans-serif;">e.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Characterization by evalue or calue
complex (karakterisasi dengan suatu nilai atau komplek nilai), yakni
keterpaduan semua sistem nilai yang telah dimiliki oleh seseorang, yang
mempengaruhi pola kepribadian dan tingkah lakunya. Disini proses internalisasi
nilai telah menempati tempat tertinggi dalam suatu hirarki nilai. Nilai itu
telah tertanam secara konsisten pada sistemnya dan telah mempengaruhi emosinya.
Ini adalah merupakan tingkat efektif tertinggi, karena sikap batin peserta
didik telah benar-benar bijaksana. Ia telah memiliki phyloshopphy of life yang
mapan. Jadi pada jenjang ini peserta didik telah memiliki sistem nilai yang
telah mengontrol tingkah lakunya untuk suatu waktu yang lama, sehingga membentu
karakteristik “pola hidup” tingkah lakunya menetap, konsisten dan dapat
diramalkan.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 76.5pt; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 40.5pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ada 5
karateristik afektif yang penting berdasarkan tujuannya; Sikap, Minat, Nilai,
Konsep diri, Moral.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ranah Psikomotor <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 58.5pt; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 40.5pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> Ranah
psikomotor merupakan ranah yang berkaitan dengan keterampilan (skill) tau
kemampuan bertindak setelah seseorang menerima pengalaman belajar tertentu.
Ranah psikomotor adalah ranah yang berhubungan dengan aktivitas fisik, misalnya
lari, melompat, melukis, menari, memukul, dan sebagainya. Hasil belajar ranah
psikomotor dikemukakan oleh Simpson (1956) yang menyatakan bahwa hasil belajar
psikomotor ini tampak dalam bentuk keterampilan (skill) dan kemampuan bertindak
individu. Hasil belajar psikomotor ini sebenarnya merupakan kelanjutan dari
hasil belajar kognitif (memahami sesuatu) dan hasil belajar afektif (yang baru
tampak dalam bentuk kecenderungan-kecenderungan berperilaku).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 58.5pt; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 40.5pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Aspek psikomotor terdiri dari: </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Meniru
(<i>perception</i>)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Menyusun
(<i>manipulating</i>)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Melakukan
dengan prosedur (<i>precision</i>)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">4.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Melakukan
dengan baik dan tepat (<i>articulation</i>)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 63.8pt; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo7; tab-stops: 42.55pt 2.0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -5.3pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">5.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Melakukan
tindakan secara alami (<i>naturalization</i>)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Aspek-aspek Penilaian<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 49.65pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1.0cm;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">A.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Penilaian
Aspek Kognitif<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Aspek
kognitif berhubungan dengan kemampuan berfikir termasuk di dalamnya kemampuan
memahami, menghapal, mengaplikasi, menganalisis, mensintesis dan kemampuan
mengevaluasi. Menurut Taksonomi bloom (sax 1980), kemampuan kognitif adalah
kemampuan berfikir secara hirarki yang terdiri dari pengetahuan, pemahaman,
aplikasi, analisis, sintesis, dan evaluasi. Tujuan aspek kognitif berorientasi
pada kemampuan berfikir yang mencakup kemampuan intelektual yang lebih
sederhana yaitu mengingat, sampai pada kemampuan memecahkan masalah yang
menuntut siswa untuk menghubungkan dan menggabungkan beberapa ide, gagasan,
metode atau prosedur yang dipelajari untuk memecahkan masalah, dengan demikian
aspek kognitif adalah sub taksonomi yang mengungkapkan tentang kegiatan mental
yang sering berawal dari tingkat pengetahuan sampai ke tingkat yang paling
tinggi yaitu evaluasi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Ada
6 tingkat berpikir dalam aspek kognitif, yang disebut dengan <i>Taxonomu Cognitive Bloom, </i>yaitu:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 63.8pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo6; tab-stops: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">a)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Pengetahuan
(<i>Knowledge</i>), yaitu kemampuan
mengingat berbagai informasi yang telah diterima sebelumnya, missal: fakta dan
rumus<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">b)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Pemahaman
(<i>Comprehension</i>), yaitu kemampuan
pemahaman dihubungkan dengan kemampuan untuk menjelaskan pengetahuan, informasi
yang telah diketahui dengan kata-kata sendiri. Pada tahap ini peserta didik
bisa menyebutkan kembali yang telah didengar dengan kata-kata sendiri.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 63.8pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo6; tab-stops: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">c)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Penerapan
(<i>Application</i>), yaitu kemampuan
menerapkan untuk menggunakan atau menerapkan informasi yang telah dipelajari ke
dalam situasi yang baru., serta memecahkan berbagai masalah yang timbul. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">d)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Analisis
(<i>Analysis</i>), yaitu kemampuan
menganalisis suatu informasi yang luas menjadi bagian-bagian kecil.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 63.8pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo6; tab-stops: 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">e)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Sintesis
(<i>Synthesis</i>), yaitu kemampuan
seseorang dalam mengaitkan dan menyatukan berbagai elemen dan unsure
pengetahuan yang ada sehingga terbentuk pola baru yang lebih menyeluruh. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">f)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Evaluasi
(<i>Evaluation</i>), yaitu tahap ini level
yang tertinggi yang mengharapkan peserta didik mampu membuat penilaian dan
keputusan tentang nilai suatu gagasan, metode, produk, atau benda menggunakan
kriteria tertentu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">B.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Penilaian
aspek Non kognitif</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Aspek
Afektif <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Aspek
afektif mencakup penilaian sikap, tingkah laku, minat, emosi dan motivasi,
kerjasama, koordinasi dari setiap peserta didik. Penilaian afektif ini
dilakukan dengan melalui pengamatan dan interaksi langsung secara terus
menerus.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ada 5 karateristik afektif yang penting
berdasarkan tujuannya;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">a)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Sikap
<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Sikap merupakan suatu kecendrungan untuk
bertindak secara suka atau tidak suka terhadap suatu objek. Sikap dapat
dibentuk melalui cara mengamati dan meniru sesuatu yang positif, kemudian melalui
penguatan serta menerima informasi verbal.<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Menurut fishbein dan ajzen (1975) sikap
adalah suatu predisposisi yang dipelajari untuk merespon secara positif atau
negative terhadap suatu objek, situasi, konsep atau orang.<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">b)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Minat<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Menurut Getzel (1996), minat adalah suatu disposisi
yang terorganisir melalui pengalaman yang mendorong seseorang untuk memperoleh
objek khusus, aktivitas, pemahaman, dan ketrampilan untuk tujuan perhatian atau
pencapaian. Sedangkan menurut kamus besar bahasa Indonesia (1990:583) minat
atau keinginan adalah kecendrungan hati yang tertinggi terhadap sesuatu.<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">c)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Konsep
diri<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Menurut Smith, konsep diri adalah
evaluasi yang dilakukan individu terhadap kemampuan dan kelemahan yang dimiliki,
konsep diri ini penting untuk menentukan jenjang karir peserta didik, yaitu
dengan mengetahui kekuatan an kelemahan diri sendiri, dapat dipilih alternative
karir yang tepat bagi peserta didik.<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">d)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Nilai
<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Nilai menurut Rokeach (1968) merupakan
suatu keyakinan tentang perbuatan, tindakan, atau prilaku yang dianggap baik
maupun yang buruk. Sedangkan menurut tyler ( 1973:7) yaitu nilai adalah suatu
objek, aktivitas atau ide yang dinyatakan oleh individu dalam mengarahkan
minat, sikap, dan kepuasan.<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">e)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Moral
<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Piaget dan Kohlberg banyak membahas
tentang perkembangan moral anak. Namun Kohlberg mengabaikan masalah hubungan
antara judgement moral dan tindakan, ia hanya mempelajari prinsip-prinsip moral
seseorang melalui penafsiran respon verbal terhadap dilemma hipotetikal atau
dugaan, bukan pada bagaimana sesungguhnya seseorang bertindak. Moral berkaitan
dengan perasaan salah atau benar terhadap kebahagiaan orang lain atau perasaan
terhadap tindakan yang dilakukan diri sendiri.<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ranah afektif tidak dapat diukur seperti
halnya ranah kognitif, karena dalam ranah afektif kemampuan yang diukur adalah:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">a.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Menerima
(<i>receiving</i>) termasuk kesadaran,
keinginan untuk menerima stimulus, respon, kontrol dan seleksi gejala atau
rangsangan dari luar.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">b.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Menanggapi
(<i>responding</i>), yaitu reaksi yang
diberikan, ketepatan reaksi, perasaan puas, dll.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">c.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Menilai
(<i>evaluating</i>), yaitu kesadaran
menerima norma, sistem nilai, dll.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Aspek
Psikomotor<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Ranah
psikomotor merupakan ranah berkaitan dengan ketrampilan atau kemampuan
bertindak setelah seseorang menerima pengalaman belajar tertentu. Ranah
psikomotor adalah ranah yang berhubungan dengan aktifitas fisik, Tidak semua
pelajaran dapat dinilai aspek psikomotor nya (disesuaikan dengan tuntutan
kompetensi dasar yang harus dicapai oleh peserta didik). Digunakan untuk
menilai pembelajaran yang banyak melakukan praktek.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Aspek psikomotor terdiri dari: <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">a.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Meniru
(<i>perception</i>)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">b.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Menyusun
(<i>manipulating</i>)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">c.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Melakukan
dengan prosedur (<i>precision</i>)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">d.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Melakukan
dengan baik dan tepat (<i>articulation</i>)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">e.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Melakukan
tindakan secara alami (<i>naturalization</i>)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17377134775596586890noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2555244029002922290.post-88230837771599430792013-01-02T03:01:00.001-08:002013-01-02T03:01:09.578-08:00Kedudukan asesmen dan KTSP<br />
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</div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Kedudukan
Asesmen pada KTSP<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Pendahuluan<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Kurikulum adalah
seperangkat rencana dan pengaturan mengenai tujuan, isi, dan bahan pelajaran
serta cara yang digunakan sebagai pedoman penyelenggaraan kegiatan pembelajaran
untuk mencapai tujuan pendidikan tertentu (BSNP, 2006). Dalam hal ini
menunjukan bahwa dunia pendidikan tidak akan pernah terlepas dari kurikulum
yang berlaku. Kurikulum di Indonesia telah sering kali berganti, namun untuk
dewasa ini kurikulum yang dipakai (diberlakukan) adalah Kurikulum Tingkat Satuan
Pendidikan (KTSP).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> KTSP adalah kurikulum oprasional yang disusun dan
dilaksanakan oleh masing-masing satuan pendidikan (Jumadi, <span style="color: red;">2008</span>), yang artinya kurikulum yang akan diberlakukan
di masing masing satuan pendidikan dirancang oleh satuan pendidikan itu
sendiri, namun rancangan kurikulum yang disusun harus berpedoman dengan Standar
Kompetensi Lulusan (SKL), Standar Isi (SI) serta panduan yang disusun dan
ditetapkan oleh Badan Standar Nasional Pendidikan (BSNP). Akan tetapi
pemerintah juga menyediakan model KTSP bagi satuan-satuan pendidikan yang masih
belum mampu mengembangkan kurikulum secara mandiri.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.05pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-indent: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> KTSP tediri dari struktur dan muatan kurikulum tingkat
satuan pendidikan, tujuan pendidikan tingkat satuan pendidikan, kalender
pendidikan dan silabus. Silabus sendiri adalah rencana pembelajaran pada suatu
dan/atau kelompok mata pelajaran/tema tertentu yang mencakup standar
kompetensi, kompetensi dasar, materi pokok pembelajaran, kegiatan pembelajaran,
indikator, penilaian, alokasi waktu, dan sumber/bahan/alat belajar (Jumadi, <span style="color: red;">2008</span>). Silabus merupakan penjabaran dari standar
kompetensi (SK) dan kompetensi dasar (KD) ke dalam materi pokok pembelajaran,
kegiatan pembelajaran, dan indikator pencapaian kompetensi untuk penilaian
(asesmen).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">SK
dan KD<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: 36.55pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Dalam
proses pembelajaran di kelas setiap pendidik (guru) diwajibkan mengawalinya
dengan merancang kegiatan pembelajaran, misalnya guru mengawali proses pembelajaran
dengan membuat Rancangan Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran (RPP) terkait dengan materi
yang akan diajarkan kepada peserta didik (siswa). Perencanaan pembelajaran itu
sendiri, terdiri dari banyak komponen/aspek penyusunnya, salah satunya SK
(Standar Kompetensi) yaitu tujuan pembelajaran secara umum. Dalam SK tercantum
tujuan pengajaran sebagai target yang diharapkan dari proses pembelajaran.
Dengan ini guru diminta mengeluarkan dan mengerahkan seluruh kreasi, inovasi,
informasi dan pengetahuan yang dimiliki untuk mampu mencapai target yang
diminta. Namun aspek lain yang tidak kalah penting adalah KD (Kompetensi Dasar)
yaitu penjabaran dari standar kompetensi<span style="color: red;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.05pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-indent: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Dalam hal ini SK dan KD menjadi penentu skala prioritas dari
langkah-langkah yang akan diambil dalam pembelajaran. Hal tersebut dilakukan
agar kegiatan-kegiatan yang tidak memiliki dampak sama sekali atau bakan
berpotensi untuk membingungkan siswa terhadap pembelajaran dapat diminimalisir,
sehingga implikasinya pengajar mampu mengalokasikan waktu pelaksanaan pembelajaran
dengan efektif dan efisien sesuai dengan
waktu yang sudah ditentukan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.05pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-indent: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.05pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Pengembangan
Indikator<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.05pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 35.95pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Evaluasi/penilaian
dimulai dengan menyusun perencanaan. Kegiatan perencanaan meliputi penentuan
tujuan dan pengembangan instrumen penilaian. Dalam rangka pengembangan
instrumen, pertama-tama peru ditentukan indikator pencapaian kompetensi.
Berdasar indikator tersebut kemudian dikembangkan instrument evaluasi serta
teknik penilaian. Standar Isi menurut Permendikans No. 22 Th 2006 telah memuat
perincian Standar Kompetensi menjadi Kompetensi Dasar (SK-KD). Sehubungan
dengan hal tersebut dalam rangka perencanaan evaluasi/penilaian guru tidak
perlu memerinci SK menjadi KD. Yang perlu dilakukan guru adalah menentukan
indikator pencapaian kompetensi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.05pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 35.95pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Indikator
merupakan ukuran, karakteristik, ciri-ciri, pembuatan atau proses yang
berkontribusi/menunjukkan ketercapaian suatu kompetensi dasar. Indikator
pencapaian kompetensi dirumuskan dengan menggunakan kata kerja operasional yang
dapat diukur, seperti: mengidentifikasi, menghitung, membedakan, menyimpulkan,
menceritakan kembali, mempraktikkan, mendemonstrasikan, dan mendeskripsikan.
Indikator pencapaian kompetensi dikembangkan oleh guru dengan memperhatikan
perkembangan dan kemampuan peserta didik. Setiap kompetensi dasar dapat
dikembangkan menjadi dua atau lebih indikator pencapaian kompetensi . Hal ini
sesuai dengan keluasan dan kedalaman kompetensi dasar yang terkait. Indikator
pencapaian kompetensi, yang menjadi bagian dari silabus, dijadikan acuan dalam<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.05pt; text-indent: 35.95pt;">
merancang penilaian. Indikator merupakan penanda
pencapaian kompetensi dasar yang ditandai oleh perubahan perilaku yang dapat
diukur yang mencakup sikap, pengetahuan dan keterampilan. Indikator
dikembangkan sesuai dengan karakteristik peserta didik, mata pelajaran, satuan
pendidikan, dan potensi daerah dan dirumuskan dalam kata. kerja operasional
yang terukur dan atau dapat diobservasi. Indikator digunakan sebagai dasar
untuk menyusun alat penilaian.</div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.05pt; text-indent: 35.95pt;">
Kata kerja operasional (KKO) indikator dimulai dari
tingkatan berpikir mudah ke sukar, sederhana ke kompleks, dekat ke jauh dan
dari konkret ke abstrak (bukan sebalikny) Kata kerja operasional pada
Kompetensi Dasar (KD) benar-benar terwakili dan teruji akurasinya pada
deskripsi yang ada di kata kerja operasional indicator Pencapaian kompetensi
digunakan sebagai dasar untuk menyusun alat penilaian. Setiap kompetensi dasar
dikembangkan menjadi beberapa indikator (lebih dari dua).</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.05pt; text-indent: 35.95pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Prinsip
pengembangan indikator adalah sesuai dengan kepentingan (<i>urgensi</i>),
kesinambungan (<i>kontinuitas</i>), kesesuaian (<i>relevansi</i>) dan
kontekstual. Keseluruhan indikator dalam satu kompetensi dasar merupakan
tanda-tanda, perilaku, dan lain-lain untuk pencapaian kompetensi yang merupakan
kemampuan bersikap, berpikir dan bertindak secara konsisten.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.05pt; text-indent: 35.95pt;">
Indikator penilaian merupakan pengembangan lebih
lanjut dari indikator (indikator pencapaian kompetensi). Indikator penilaian
perlu dirumuskan untuk dijadikan pedoman penilaian bagi guru, peserta didik
maupun evaluator di sekolah. Dengan demikian indikator penilaian bersifat
terbuka dan dapat diakses dengan mudah oleh warga sekolah. Setiap penilaian yang
dilakukan melalui tes dan non-tes harus sesuai dengan indikator penilaian.
Penilaian merupakan serangkaian kegiatan untuk memperoleh, menganalisis dan
menafsirkan data tentang proses dan hasil belajar perserta didik yang dilakukan
secara sistematis dan berkesinambungan, sehingga menjadi informasi yang
bermakna dalam pengambilan keputusan. Penilaian dilakukan dengan menggunakan
tes dan non tes dalam bentuk tertulis maupun lisan, pengamatan kinerja, sikap,
penilaian hasil karya berupa proyek atau produk, penggunaan portofolio dan
penilaian diri.</div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.05pt; text-indent: 35.95pt;">
Hal-hal perlu diperhatikan dalam hal menentukan
penilaian:</div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 8.2pt 36.05pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->a.<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]--> Untuk
mengukur pencapaian kompetensi peserta didik, yang dilakukan berdasarkan
indikator.</div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 8.2pt 36.05pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->b.<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Penilaian menggunakan acuan kriteria, yaitu
berdasarkan apa yang bisa dilakukan peserta didik setelah mengikuti proses
pembelajaran, dan bukan untuk menentukan posisi seseorang terhadap kelompoknya.</div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 8.2pt 36.05pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->c.<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Menggunakan sistem penilaian berkelanjutan dalam
arti semua indikator ditagih, kemudian hasilnya dianalisis untuk menentukan
kompetensi dasar yang telah dimiliki dan yang belum serta untuk mengetahui
kesulitan siswa.</div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 8.2pt 36.05pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->d.<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Hasil penilaian dianalisis untuk menentukan
tindak lanjut berupa perbaikan proses pembelajaran berikutnya, program remedi
bagi peserta didik yang pencapaian kompetensinya di bawah kriteria ketuntasan
dan program pengayaan bagi peserta didik yang telah memenuhi kriteria
ketuntasan.</div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 8.2pt 36.05pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->e.<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Sistem penilaian harus disesuaikan dengan
pengalaman belajar yang ditempuh dalam kegiatan pembelajaran. Misalnya jika
pembelajaran menggunakan pendekatan tugas observasi lapangan maka evaluasi
harus diberikan baik pada proses (keterampilan proses) misalnya teknik
wawancara maupun produk/hasil, melakukan observasi lapangan yang berupa
informasi yang dibutuhkan.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.05pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">4.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Kedudukan
Asesmen<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.05pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-indent: 35.95pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Asesmen dalam
pendidikan (pembelajaran) memiliki kedudukan yang sangat penting, hal ini
bertolak dari sebuah pendapat yang dikemukakan oleh Dodge dan Bickart yang menyatakan bahwa <i>“asesmen merupakan proses memperoleh
informasi tentang anak untuk<span style="color: #ff0066;"> </span>membuat
keputusan tentang pendidikannya”</i>. Dari pendapat tersebut dan berdasarkan
rencana dan tujuan pembelajaran yang telah ditetapkan, maka dilaksanakanlah
kegiatan pembelajaran.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.05pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-indent: 35.95pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Setelah pembelajaran
selesai bukan berarti tugas seorang pendidik berakhir, namun masih perlu dipikirkan
“apakah kegiatan pembelajaran sudah sesuai dengan tujuan?”, “apakah siswa telah
dapat menguasai materi yang disampaikan atau pelajari?”, “seberapa efektif dan
efisiennya proses pembelajaran yang sudah dilakukan?”. Pertanyaan-pertanyaan
seperti itu selalu muncul saat dan sesudah pembelajaran berlangsung, bukan
hanya dari pihak guru, tetapi juga dari pihak orang tua siswa ataupun warga
sekolah yang lain. Di lingkungan pendidikan yang lain pun terjadi hal yang sama.
Untuk menjawabnya, maka perlu dilakukan asesmen pembelajaran. Disini asesmen
pembelajaran merupakan alat untuk mengetahui tercapai atau tidaknya standar
kompetensi (SK) dan kompetensi dasar (KD). Asesmen pembelajaran merupakan
bagian integral dari keseluruhan proses pembelajaran, sehingga kegiatan asesmen
harus dilakukan pengajar sepanjang rentang waktu berlangsungnya proses
pembelajaran. Mengingat pentingnya kemampuan asesmen bagi pengajar, membuat
kemampuan ini menjadi salah satu indikator kualitas pengajar (guru) itu sendiri.
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.05pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-indent: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Asesmen juga dapat diartikan sebagai proses untuk
mendapatkan informasi dalam bentuk apapun yang dapat digunakan untuk dasar
pengambilan keputusan tentang siswa, baik yang menyangkut kurikulumnya, program
pembelajarannya, iklim sekolahnya, maupun kebijakan-kebijakan sekolah. Termasuk
pengelolaan pembelajaran di kelas, seperti tingkatan tugas untuk siswa harus
sesuai dengan kemampuan dan kebutuhannya masing-masing, bimbingan/penyuluhan,
dan sebagainya.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.05pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-indent: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Pada intinya asesmen memiliki kedudukan yang sangat
strategis dalam pengembangan pencapaian kompetensi berdasarkan SK, KD dan
Indikator.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.05pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-indent: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">5.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Materi
Esensi<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.05pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-indent: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Keberhasilan
pembelajaran tidak terlepas dari keberhasilan dari merancang materi
pembelajaran sebagai bagian yang tidak terpisahkan dari silabus. Materi
pembelajaran <i>(instructional materials) </i>adalah pengetahuan, keterampilan,
dan sikap yang harus dikuasai peserta didik dalam rangka memenuhi standar
kompetensi yang ditetapkan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.05pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-indent: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Jenis-jenis dari materi
pembelajaran antara lain:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 49.65pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level7 lfo4; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Fakta
(segala hal yang nyata dan teruji kebenarannya )<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 49.65pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level7 lfo4; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Konsep
(segala hal berupa pengertian baru sebagai hasil pemikiran serta terdiri dari
fakta-fakta)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 49.65pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level7 lfo4; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Prinsip
(hal-hal pokok yang menggambarkan implikasi sebab akibat)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 49.65pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level7 lfo4; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">4.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Prosedur
(langkah-langkah sistematis dalam mengerjakan suatu aktivitas dari suatu sistem)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 49.65pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level7 lfo4; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">5.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Sikap
atau Nilai (aspek sikap dari hasil belajar)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 31.65pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-indent: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Mengingat perkembangan
era yang selalu menuntut perkembangan di semua bidang termasuk bidang
pendidikan, maka materi pembelajaran perlu terus dikembangkan dan diperbaharui
agar tidak ada materi yang kadaluarsa. Berikurt adalh prinsip-prinsip dari
pengembangan materi:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 49.65pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo8; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Relevansi(kesesuaian).
Materi pembelajaran harus sesuai dengan pencapaian SK dan KD<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 49.65pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo8; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Konsistensi
(keajegan). Materi pembelajaran harus sejalan dengan KD<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 49.65pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo8; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Adequacy(kecukupan).
Materi pembelajaran harus memadai dalam membantu siswa mencapai tujuan dari SK
dan KD.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 31.65pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-indent: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Dalam pengembangan
materi ada hal-hal yang perlu di perhatikan yakni:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 49.65pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level4 lfo3; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Potensi
siswa<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 49.65pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level4 lfo3; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Relevansi
dengan karakteristik lingkungan/daerah<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 49.65pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level4 lfo3; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Tingkat
perkembangan fisik dan mental siswa<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 49.65pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level4 lfo3; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">4.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Kebermanfaatan
bagi siswa<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 49.65pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level4 lfo3; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">5.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Struktur
keilmuan<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 49.65pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level4 lfo3; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">6.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Aktualitas,
kedalaman, dan keluasan materi<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 49.65pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level4 lfo3; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">7.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Relevansi
dengan kebutuhan siswa dan tuntutan lingkungan<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 49.65pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level4 lfo3; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">8.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Alokasi
waktu<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 49.65pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-indent: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.05pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">6.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Menyusun
Bahan Ajar<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Dalam
proses pembelajaran ketersediaan bahan ajar sangat penting, karena tanpa bahan ajar
proses pembelajaran akan terganggu, bahkan tak bisa berjalan. Adapun bagian-bagian
dari bahan ajar antara lain:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 2.0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level7 lfo3; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Lingkungan
(tempat) alam sekitar<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 2.0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-indent: 15.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">semua tempat dimana
seseorang dapat melakukan proses belajar, dari tidak tahu menjadi tahu yang
dilanjutkan dengan adanya perubahan tingkah laku sebagai tanda pendewasaan
diri. Contoh dari tempat sebagai bahan ajar adalah sekolah, pantai, hutan,
museum, dan sebagainya.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 2.0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level7 lfo3; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Benda<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 2.0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-indent: 15.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Semua benda yang dapat
membantu proses pembelajaran bagi peserta didik. Misalnya dalam pembelajaran
menghitung volume benda dengan bentuk tak beraturan memakai bantuan beberapa
benda (gelas ukur, air, dan batu).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 2.0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level7 lfo3; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Orang<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 2.0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-indent: 15.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Siapa saja yang
memiliki pengetahuan atau keahlian tertentu dimana peserta dapat belajar
sesuatu. Misalnya guru, pengrajin, seniman, polisi, dokter dan sebagainya.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 2.0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level7 lfo3; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">4.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Bacaan<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 2.0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-indent: 15.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Segala sesuatu yang
bisa dibaca serta mendukung pembelajaran bagi peserta didik. Misalnya, buku
teks, kamus, Koran, bacaan-bacaan di internet dan yang lainya.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 2.0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level7 lfo3; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">5.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Visual,
Audio, dan Audio-Visual<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 2.0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-indent: 15.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Segala sesuatu yang
bisa dilihat dan/atau didengar untuk mempermudah dalam melakukan pembelajaran.
Seperti gambar, rekaman suara, video pembelajaran dan sebagainya.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 2.0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level7 lfo3; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">6.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Peristiwa<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 2.0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-indent: 15.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Peristiwa-peristiwa
atau fakta-fakta yang sedang terjadi. Contohnya kupu-kupu yang sedang keluar dari
kepompongnya, ikan yang sedang bertelur dan sebagainya<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 20.7pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 20.7pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 20.7pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Dari
komponen-komponennya dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa bahan ajar adalah segala
sesuatu yang dapat membatu proses pembelajaran sebagai sumber belajar. Komponen-komponen
bahan ajar bisa dipakai satu, lebih dari satu atau sekaligus dalam proses
pembelajaran, tergantung keperluan dari materi yang diajarkan dan kemampuan
pendidik dalam mengorganisir bahan-bahan ajar yang ada. Bahan ajar berfungsi
sebagai: <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.45pt; margin-left: 2.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l5 level7 lfo5; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->1.<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span><!--[endif]-->Pedoman
bagi Guru yang akan mengarahkan semua aktivitasnya dalam proses pembelajaran,
sekaligus merupakan substansi kompetensi yang seharusnya diajarkan kepada
siswa. </div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.45pt; margin-left: 2.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l5 level7 lfo5; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->2.<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span><!--[endif]-->Pedoman
bagi Siswa yang akan mengarahkan semua aktivitasnya dalam proses pembelajaran,
sekaligus merupakan substansi kompetensi yang seharusnya
dipelajari/dikuasainya. </div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 2.0cm; mso-list: l5 level7 lfo5; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->3.<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Alat evaluasi pencapaian/penguasaan hasil
pembelajaran.</div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 38.7pt;">
Adapun prinsip
pengembangan bahan ajar antara lain:</div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo9; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->1.<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Mulai dari yang mudah untuk memahami yang
sullit, dari yang kongkret untuk memahami yang abstrak. Misalnya siswa diajak
berkomunikasi tentang toilet yang ada di sekolah (kongkret) baru mereka diajak
berkomunikasi dan memahami toilet yang sepatutnya, baik dari segi kebersihan,
ketersediaan air, atau benda apa saja yang ada di toilet(abstrak)</div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo9; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->2.<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Pengulangan untuk memperkuat pemahaman.</div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo9; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->3.<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Umpan balik positif (reinforcement) untuk
memberikan rasa percaya diri kepada siswa untuk melakukan pembelajaran.</div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo9; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->4.<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Motivasi belajar yang tinggi salah satu faktor
penentu keberhasilan.</div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo9; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->5.<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Mencapai tujuan dengan bertahap</div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo9; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->6.<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Mengetahui hasil yang telah dicapai agar guru
bisa memberikan dorongan yang tidak berlebihan dan tidak kekurangan. Seperti
seorang pemandu jalan, guru dersama siswa menuju tempat tujuan, namun guru
memberikan informasi kepada siswa apa saja yang sudah dilewati siswa dan apa
lagi yang harus di lewati agar bisa sampai tujuan. Misal guru akan mengajarkan
perkalian, dan untuk bisa perkalian siswa harus bisa penjumlahan terlebih
dahulu. Ketika siswa sudah bisa penjumlahan guru memberikan dorongan yang
pantas agar siswa bersemangat untuk menguasai perkalian sebagai lanjutan dari
penjumlahan.</div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 38.7pt;">
Dalam penyusunan
bahan ajar ada hal-hal yang perlu diperhatikan, seperti:</div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 60.6pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo10; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->1.<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Susunan tampilan yang menyangkut: Urutan yang
mudah, judul yang singkat, terdapat daftar isi, struktur kognitifnya jelas,
rangkuman, dan tugas pembaca. </div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 60.6pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo10; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->2.<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Bahasa yang mudah dimengerti dan dipahami</div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 60.6pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo10; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->3.<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Menguji pemahaman</div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 60.6pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo10; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->4.<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Stimulan. Artinya susunan bahan ajar mampu
menarik perhatian pembaca untuk berfikir.</div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 60.6pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo10; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->5.<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Kemudahan dibaca. Misalnya tulisan tidak terlalu
kecil.</div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 60.6pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo10; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->6.<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Materi instruksional, yang menyangkut pemilihan
teks, bahan kajian dan lembar kerja.</div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 38.7pt;">
Setelah memahami
prinsip-prinsip dan hal-hal lain yang perlu diperhatikan seperti diatas, baru
kemudian kita menyusun bahan ajar. Bahan ajar ada yang cetak dan non cetak.
Bahan ajar cetak dapat berupa:</div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 2.0cm; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->1.<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->hand out</div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 2.0cm;">
Handout harus
memuat paling tidak: (1) Menuntun pembicara secara teratur dan jelas, (2)
Berpusat pada pengetahuan hasil dan pernyataan padat, dan (3) Grafik dan tabel
yang sulit digambar oleh pendengar dapat dengan mudah didapat. Langkah-langkah
menyusun Handout adalah: </div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 74.7pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->-<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Menganalisis kurikulum (terutama SK dan KD)</div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 74.7pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->-<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Menentukan judul handout (sesuai KD dan Materi
Pokok yang hendak dicapai)</div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 74.7pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->-<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Mengumpulkan referensi sebagai bahan pennulisan
(upayakan referensi terkini, relevan dan sahih)</div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 74.7pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->-<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Menulis handout</div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 74.7pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->-<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Mengevaluasi hasil tulisan</div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 74.7pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->-<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Memperbaiki bila ditemukan kesalahan bila ada</div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 2.0cm; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->2.<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Buku</div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 2.0cm;">
buku dimulai dari latar belakang penulisan,
definisi/ pengertian dari judul yang dikemukakan, penjelasan ruang lingkup
pembahasan dalam buku, hukum atau aturan-aturan yang dibahas, contoh-contoh
yang diperlukan, hasil penelitian, data dan interpretasinya, berbagai argumen
yang sesuai untuk disajikan. Langkah-langkah yang dapat dilakukan oleh guru
dalam menulis buku adalah sebagai berikut:</div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 74.7pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->-<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Menganalisis kurikulum</div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 74.7pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->-<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Menentukan Judul</div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 74.7pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->-<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Merancang outline buku, agar isi dari buku
lengkap dan mencakup aspek yang diperlukan untuk mencapai kompetensi</div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 74.7pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->-<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Mengumpulkan referensi</div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 74.7pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->-<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Menulis buku</div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 74.7pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->-<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Mengevaluasi hasil tulisan</div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 74.7pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->-<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Memperbaiki isi buku bila perlu</div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 2.0cm; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->3.<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Modul</div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 2.0cm;">
seperangkat bahan
ajar yang disajikan secara sistematis sehingga penggunanya dapat belajar dengan
atau tanpa seorang fasilitator/guru. Dalam menulis bahan ajar khususnya modul
terdapat beberapa tahapan yang harus dilalui, yaitu:</div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 74.7pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->-<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Menganalisis kurikulum</div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 74.7pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->-<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Menentukan Judul</div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 74.7pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->-<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Pemberian kode modul. Untuk mempermudah
mengelola modul.</div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 74.7pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->-<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Menulis Modul (Judul, Petunjuk Belajar,
kompetensi yang ingin dicapai, informasi pendukung, latihan-latihan, petunjuk
kerja, dan evaluasi)</div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 74.7pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->-<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Mengevaluasi hasil tulisan</div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 74.7pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->-<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Memperbaiki isi buku bila perlu</div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 2.0cm; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->4.<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Lembar Kerja Siswa (LKS)</div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 2.0cm;">
Lembar kegiatan
siswa akan memuat paling tidak; judul, KD yang akan dicapai, waktu
penyelesaian, peralatan/bahan yang diperlukan untuk menyelesaikan tugas,
informasi singkat, langkah kerja, tugas yang harus dilakukan, dan laporan yang
harus dikerjakan. Adapun langkah-langkah yang perlu diambul dalam menyusun LKS
adalah:</div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 74.7pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->-<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Menganalisis kurikulum</div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 74.7pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->-<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Menyusun peta kebutuhan LKS. Hal ini untuk
mengtahui jumlah LKS yang harus ditulis dan sekuensinya.</div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 74.7pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->-<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Menentukan judul</div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 74.7pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->-<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Penulisan LKS (diawali dengan perumusan KD,
Menentuka alat penilaian, Penyusunan Materi dan Struktur LKS). Bentuk umum dari
LKS adalah Judul dilanjutkan dengan Petunjuk belajar, Kompetnsi yang akan
dicapai, Informasi pendukung, tugas dan latihan dan Penilaian.</div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 74.7pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->-<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Mengevaluasi hasil tulisan</div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 74.7pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->-<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Memperbaiki isi buku bila perlu</div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 2.0cm; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->5.<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Brosur</div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 2.0cm;">
Brosur adalah bahan
informasi tertulis mengenai suatu masalah. Dalam brosur paling tidak memuat:</div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 74.7pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->-<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Judul</div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 74.7pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->-<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->KD/materi pokok yang akan dicapai</div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 74.7pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->-<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Informasi pendukung</div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 74.7pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->-<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Tugas-tugas.
Tugas dapat diberikan secara individu atau kelompok dan ditulis dalam
kertas lain. </div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 74.7pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->-<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Penilaian</div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 2.0cm; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->6.<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Leaflet</div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 2.0cm;">
leaflet secara umum
sama dengan membuat brosur, bedanya hanya dalam penampilan fisiknya saja.
Leaflet biasanya ditampilkan dalam bentuk dua kolom kemudian dilipat</div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 2.0cm; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->7.<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Wallchart</div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 2.0cm;">
bagan siklus/proses
atau grafik yang bermakna menunjukkan posisi tertentu. Dalam wallchart minimal
mencantumkan:</div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 74.7pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->-<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Judul</div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 74.7pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->-<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Petunjuk penggunaan wallchart</div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 74.7pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->-<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Informasi pendukung</div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 74.7pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->-<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Tugas (ditulis di kertas yang berbeda)</div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 74.7pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->-<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Penilaian terhadap tugas yang diberikan</div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 2.0cm; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->8.<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Foto/Gambar</div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 2.0cm;">
Jika dirancang
dengan baik Foto/gambar mampu menyampaikan makna lebih baik dari pada tulisan.
Berikut adalah langkah-langakah yang harus ditempuh untuk mempersiapkan bahan
ajar berupa Foto atau gambar:</div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 74.7pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->-<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Menganalisis kurikulum</div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 74.7pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->-<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Menentukan Judu (bila bahan ajar adalah foto,
judul bisa ditulis dibaliknya)</div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 74.7pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->-<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Membuat desain tentang foto/gambar dengan
membuat story board.</div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 74.7pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->-<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Memberikan informasi pendukung</div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 74.7pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->-<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Mengambil gambar</div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 74.7pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->-<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Mengedit terhadap foto maupun gambar</div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 74.7pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->-<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Mengevaluasi program secara keseluruhan.</div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 74.7pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->-<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Memberikan tugas (bisa ditulis di kertas yang
lain)</div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 74.7pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->-<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Melakuakn Penilaian</div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 2.0cm; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->9.<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Model/Maket</div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 2.0cm;">
Model/Maket adalah
penduplikasian terhadap benda aslinya secara 3 dimensi sehungga dapat dipegang,
misalnya model katak dari sterofom dan sebagainya.</div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 2.0cm;">
Berikut adalah hal
yang perlu dilakukan:</div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 74.7pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->-<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Menganalisis kurikulum</div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 74.7pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->-<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Menentukan judul sesuai KD</div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 74.7pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->-<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Merancang mode yang akan dibuat</div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 74.7pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->-<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Mencari informasi-informasi pendukung</div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 74.7pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->-<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Pembuatan model</div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 74.7pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->-<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Pemberian tugas (bisa diberikan diakhir
penjelasan dengan bahan ajar model)</div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 74.7pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->-<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Penilaian</div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; text-indent: 20.7pt;">
Setelah
selesai menentukan dan membuat bahan ajar perlu dilakukan evaluasi dan revisi
terhadap bahan ajar tersebut, baik oleh diri sendiri maupun orang lain.
Beberapa hal yang perlu di evaluasi antara lain adalah kelayakan isi,
kebahasaan, penyajian dan kegrafikan.</div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 35.45pt;">
<b><i>1. Komponen
kelayakan isi </i></b>mencakup, antara lain: </div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 49.65pt;">
a. Kesesuaian
dengan Standar Kompetensi, Kompetensi Dasar </div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.25pt; margin-left: 49.65pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;">
b. Kesesuaian dengan perkembangan anak </div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.25pt; margin-left: 49.65pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;">
c. Kesesuaian dengan kebutuhan bahan ajar
</div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.25pt; margin-left: 49.65pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;">
d. Kebenaran substansi materi
pembelajaran </div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.25pt; margin-left: 49.65pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;">
e. Manfaat untuk penambahan wawasan </div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 49.65pt;">
f. Kesesuaian
dengan nilai moral, dan nilai-nilai sosial </div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 35.45pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 35.45pt;">
<b><i>2. Komponen
Kebahasaan </i></b>antara lain mencakup: </div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.2pt; margin-left: 49.65pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;">
a. Keterbacaan </div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.2pt; margin-left: 49.65pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;">
b. Kejelasan informasi </div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.2pt; margin-left: 49.65pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;">
c. Kesesuaian dengan kaidah Bahasa
Indonesia yang baik dan benar </div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 49.65pt;">
d. Pemanfaatan
bahasa secara efektif dan efisien (jelas dan singkat) </div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 35.45pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 35.45pt;">
<b><i>3. Komponen
Penyajian </i></b>antara lain mencakup: </div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.2pt; margin-left: 49.65pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;">
a. Kejelasan tujuan (indikator) yang
ingin dicapai </div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.2pt; margin-left: 49.65pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;">
b. Urutan sajian </div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.2pt; margin-left: 49.65pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;">
c. Pemberian motivasi, daya tarik </div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.2pt; margin-left: 49.65pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;">
d. Interaksi (pemberian stimulus dan
respond) </div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 49.65pt;">
e. Kelengkapan
informasi </div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 35.45pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 35.45pt;">
<b><i>4. Komponen
Kegrafikan </i></b>antara lain mencakup: </div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.2pt; margin-left: 49.65pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;">
a. Penggunaan font; jenis dan ukuran </div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.2pt; margin-left: 49.65pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;">
b. Lay out atau tata letak </div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.2pt; margin-left: 49.65pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;">
c. Ilustrasi, gambar, foto </div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 49.65pt;">
d. Desain
tampilan </div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 49.65pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 49.65pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 49.65pt;">
</div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 14.2pt; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Konsep
Dasar Evaluasi<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">A.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Pengertian
Evaluasi<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Istilah evaluasi
berasal dari Bahasa Inggris yaitu “Evaluation”. Menurut Wand dan Brown,
evaluasi adalah suatu tindakan atau suatu proses untuk menentukan nilai dari
sesuatu. Sesuai dengan pendapat tersebut, maka evaluasi hasil belajar dapat
diartikan sebagai suatu tindakan atau suatu proses untuk menentukan nilai keberhasilan
belajar seseorang setelah ia mengalami proses belajar selama satu periode
tertentu. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 1cm; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">B.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Macam-macam
Evaluasi<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Evaluasi Internal<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Sanders
& Sullins (2006: 9) mengemukakan bahwa suatu evaluasi internal yang
diadakan secara internal oleh staf yang bekerja pada program tersebut, biasanya
berkembang secara alami.Tujuannya adalah untuk mengumpulkan <i>feedback </i>pada
aspek program yang tinjauan dan kemungkinan revisi sedang berlangsung.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 42.55pt; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Evaluasi Eksternal<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Evaluasi
eksternal, diselenggarakan oleh staf yang di luar pelaksana program (Sanders
& Sullins, 2006: 9).Evaluasi biasanya dimotivasi oleh pertanyaan-pertanyaan
dari luar dan memerlukan respon yang akurat terhadap pertanyaan yang diajukan
pihak luar.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 1cm; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">C.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Tujuan
Evaluasi<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Untuk memberikan umpan balik (feed back) guna
memperbaiki proses belajar mengajar<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Untuk mengetahui hasil kemampuan belajar
siswa<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Untuk menempatkan siswa dalam situasi belajar
mengajar yang sesuai dan tepat<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">4.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Untuk menemukan kesulitan belajar siswa dan
faktor penyebabnya (diagnostik)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 1cm; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">D.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Prinsip
Evaluasi<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Adapun
prinsip-prinsip evaluasi untuk mendapatkan informasi yang akurat, yaitu:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Dirancang secara jelas abilitas yang harus
dinilai, materi penilaian, alat penilaian, interpretasi hasil penilaian dengan
menggunakan patokan kurikulum/silabus. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 42.55pt; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Penilaian hasil belajar menjadi bagian
integral dalam proses belajar mengajar.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 42.55pt; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Agar hasil penilaian bersifat obyektif,
gunakan berbagai alat penilaian dan sifatnya komprehensif.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 42.55pt; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">4.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Hasilnya hendaknya diikuti tindak lanjut. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 1cm; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">E.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Fungsi
Evaluasi<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Sebagai alat seleksi<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Sebagai alat pengukur keberhasilan<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Sebagai alat penempatan<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">4.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Sebagai alat diagnostik <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 14.2pt; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Penilaian
<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">A.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Pengertian Penilaian<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 54pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Penilaian adalah penerapan berbagai cara dan penggunaan
beragam alat penilaian untuk memperoleh informasi tentang sejauh mana hasil
belajar peserta didik atau ketercapaian kompetensi (rangkaian kemampuan)
peserta didik. Penilaian menjawab pertanyaan tentang sebaik apa hasil atau
prestasi belajar seseorang. Hasil penilaian dapat berupa kualitatif (pernyataan
naratif dalam kata-kata) dan kuantitatif (berupa angka).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 54pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">B.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Tujuan Penilaian<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1. Sebagai grading, penilaian ditujukan untuk
membedakan atau menentukan kedudukan hasil kerja peserta didik dibandingakn dengan peserta didik yang lainnya.
Fungsi penilaian untuk grading cendrung membandingkan siswa dengan siswa lain.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">2. Sebagai alat seleksi, penilaian ditujukan
untuk memisahkan antara peserta didik yang masuk dalam kategori tertentu dan
yang tidak. Dalam hal ini fungsi penilaian untuk menentukan sesorang dapat
masuk atau tidak di sekolah tertentu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">3. Untuk menggambarkan sejauh mana seorang
peserta didik telah menguasai kompetensi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">4. Sebagai bimbingan, penilaian bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi
hasil belajar peserta didik dalam rangka membantu peserta didik memahami
dirinya, membuat keputusan tentang langkah berikutnya, baik untuk pemilihan
program, pengembangan kepribadian maupun untuk penjurusan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">5. Sebagai alat diagnosis, penilaian bertujuan
menunjukkan kesulitan belajar yang dialami peserta didik dan kemungkunan
prestasi yang bisa dikembangkan. Hal ini dapat membantu guru dalam menentukan
apakah seorang peserta didik perlu remidi atau pengayaan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">6. Sebagai alat prediksi, penilaian bertujuan
untuk mendapatkan informasi yang dapat memprediksi bagaimana kinerja peserta
didik pada jenjang pendidikan berikutnya atau dalam pekerjaan yang sesuai.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Jadi tujuan penilaian
adalah memberikan masukan informasi secara komprehensif tentang hasil belajar
peseta didik, baik dilihat ketika pembelajaran berlangsung maupun dilihat dari
hasil akhir, dengan menggunakan berbagai cara penilaian yang sesuai dengan
kompetensi yang diharapkan dapat dicapai peserta didik.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: 36pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">C.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Prinsip Penilaian<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Valid
atau sahih<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 54pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Penilaian hasil belajar oleh pendidik
harus mengukur pencapaian kompetensi yang ditetapkan dalam standar isi (standar
kompetensi dan kompetensi dasar) dan standar kompetensi kelulusan. Penilaian
valid berarti menilai apa yang seharusnya dinilai dengan menggunakan alat yang
sesuai untuk mengukur kompetensi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">2. Objektif<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 54pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Penialian hasil belajar peserta didik
hendaknya tidak dipengaruhi oleh subyektifitas penilai, perbedaan latar
belakang agama, sosial-ekonomi, budaya, bahasa, gender, dan hubungan emosional.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">3. Transparan atau terbuka<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 54pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Penilaian hasil belajar oleh pendidik
bersifat terbuka artinya prosedur penilaian, kriteria penilaian dan dasar
pengambilan keputusan terhadap hasil belajar peserta didik dapat diketahui oleh
semua pihak yang berkepentingan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">4. Adil<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 54pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Penilaian hasil belajar tidak
menguntungkan atau merugikan peserta didik karena berkebutuhan khusus serta
perbedaan latar belakang agama, suku, budaya, adat istiadat, status sosial
ekonomi, dan gender.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">5. Terpadu<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 54pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Penilaian hasil belajar oleh pendidik merupakan
salah satu komponen yang tidak dapat dipisahkan dari kegiatan pembelajaran.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">6. Menyeluruh dan Berkesinambungan<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 54pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Penialaian hasil belajar oleh pendidik
mencakup semua aspek kompetensi dengan menggunakan berbagai teknik penilaian
yang sesuai untuk memantau perkembangan kemampuan peserta didik.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">7. Bermakna<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 54pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Penilaian hasil belajar oleh pendidik
hendaknya mudah dipahami,mempunyai arti, bermanfaat, dan dapat ditindaklanjuti
oleh semua pihak, terutama guru, peserta didik, orang tua serta masyarakat.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 54pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">8. Sistematis<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 54pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Penialian hasil belajar oleh pendidik
dilakukan secara berencana dan bertahap dengan mengikuti langkah-langkah baku.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">9. Akuntabel<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 54pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Penilaian hasil belajar oleh pendidik
dapat dipertanggungjawabkan, baik dari segi teknik, prosedur, maupun hasilnya.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">10. Beracuan Kriteria<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Penilaian
hasil belajar oleh pendidik dapat didasarkan pada ukuran pencapaian kompetensi
yang ditetapkan<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">D.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Manfaat Penilaian<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Bahan pertimbangan dalam menentukan kenaikan
kelas.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Umpan
balik dalam perbaikan proses belajar mengajar.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Meningkatkan
motivasi belajar siswa.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">4.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Evaluasi
diri terhadadap kinerja siswa.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 14.2pt; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Pengukuran<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 32.2pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">A.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Pengertian
Pengukuran<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 42.55pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Pengukuran pada dasarnya merupakan
kegiatan penentuan angka dari suatu objek yang diukur. Pengukuran ini merupakan
kegiatan membandingkan sesuatu sengan sesuatu yang lain. Misalnya, mengukur
jarak kota A dengan kota B, maka sesungguhnya yang sedang dilakukan adalah
mengkuantifikasi keadaan seseorang atau tempat ke dalam angka. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan
pengukuran itu bersifat kuantitatif.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 42.55pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin-left: 32.2pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">B.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Tujuan
Pengukuran<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Mengdiagnosis
kelemahan atau kekurangan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Mengelompokkan
peserta didik sesuai dengan kemampuannya.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Mengarahkan
peserta didik sesuai dengan program.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">4.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Memprediksi
tingkat kemampuan peserta didik.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">5.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Menetukan
prestasi peserta didik.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">6.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Mengetahui
kemajuan peserta didik.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">7.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Memotivasi
peserta didik.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">8.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Menentukan
kelas.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">9.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Mengevaluasi
efektifitas pengajaran.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">10.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Mengevaluasi
kurikulum.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 54pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 32.2pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">C.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Manfaat
Pengukuran<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Pengukuran
dalam bidang pendidikan memberikan
manfaat dalam memberikan informasi untuk kepentingan pengambilan keputusan,
mutu kepitusan yang diambil sangat dipengaruhi oleh mutu informasi yang di
berikan oleh prosedur pengukuran.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Pengukuran
juga bermanfaat dalam memberikan informasi untuk pengambilan keputusan yang
bersifat teoritis.Hasil yang diharapkan berupa pemahaman terhadap suatu
masalah, sehingga memungkinkan timbulnya analisa.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent: 18pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent: 18pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent: 18pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent: 18pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">D.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Fungsi Pengukuran<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Fungsi
pengukuran di kategorikan ke dalam tiga fungsi yang saling berinteraksi, yaitu
fungsi instruksional, fungsi administratif, dan fungsi bimbingan (Stanley, 1972
dikutip dari Findley,1963)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Fungsi
Instruksiona<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 72pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">a.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Proses
konstruksi suatu tes merangsang para guru untuk memperjelas dan merumuskan
kembali tujuan-tujuan pembelajaran yang bermakna.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 72pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">b.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Suatu
tes akan memberikan umpan balik.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 72pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">c.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Tes-tes
yang dikonstruksi secara cermat dapat mendorong motivasi belajar siswa.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 72pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">d.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ulangan
adalah alat yang bermakna dalam rangka penguasaan atau pemantapan belajar.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Fungsi
Administratif<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 72pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">a.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Tes
memberikan suatu mekanisme untuk mengontrol kualitas suatu sekolah atau sistem
sekolah.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 72pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">b.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Tes
berguna untuk mengevaluasi program dan melakukan penelitian.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 72pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">c.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Tes
memungkinkan pengambilan keputusan yang lebih baik mengenai klasifikasi dan
penempatan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 72pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">d.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Tes
dapat menambah keputusan seleksi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 72pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">e.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Tes
berguna sebagai alat untuk melakukan akreditasi dan sertifikasi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Fungsi
Bimbingan<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin-left: 54pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Tes sangat penting untuk mendiagnosa bakat-bakat
khusus dan abilitas seseorang.Bakat skolastik, prestasi, minat, kepribadian
merupakan aspek-aspek yang penting dalam penyuluhan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 49.65pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 14.2pt; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">4.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Tes
Dan Non Tes<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 32.2pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">A.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Pengertian
Tes<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 42.55pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Tes
adalah suatu cara untuk mengadakan penilaian yang berbentuk suatu tugas atau
serangkaian tugas yang harus dikerjakan oleh anak atau sekelompok anak sehingga
menghasilkan suatu nilai tentang tingkah laku atau prestasi anak tersebut, yang
dapat dibandingkan dengan nilai yang dicapai oleh anak-anak lain atau dengan
nilai standar yang ditetapkan. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 42.55pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 32.2pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">B.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Fungsi
tes<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 42.55pt; text-indent: -10.9pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Sebagai
alat pengukur terhadap peserta didik.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 42.55pt; text-indent: -10.9pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Sebagai
alat pengukur keberhasilan program pengajaran. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 42.55pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 32.2pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">C.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Macam-macam
tes:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 42.55pt; text-indent: -7.1pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Tes
tulis (written test), yaitu tes yang mengajukan butir-butir pertanyaan dengan mengharapkan jawaban tertulis.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 42.55pt; text-indent: -7.1pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Tes
lisan (oral test), yaitu tes yang mengajukan pertanyaan-pertanyaan dengan
menghendaki jawaban secara lisan. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 42.55pt; text-indent: -7.1pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Tes
perbuatan (performance test), yaitu tes yang mengajukan pertanyaan-pertanyaan
dengan menghendaki jawaban dalam bentuk perbuatan. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 32.2pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">A.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Pengertian
Non Tes<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 42.55pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Teknik
non tes adalah teknik yang menggunakan alat atau instrumen non tes dalam
mengumpulkan data, seperti observasi, wawancara, angket, dan analisis data, dan
sebagainya.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 32.2pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">B.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Macam-macam
teknik non tes<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 49.65pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Observasi,
yaitu salah satu teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam evaluasi
pembelajaran untuk mendapatkan informasi dengan cara mengamati perilaku siswa
dalam situasi tertentu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 49.65pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Wawancara,
yaitu salah satu teknik pengumpulan data yang bisa digunakan untuk mendapatkan
informasi tentang peserta didik dengan cara mengajukan pertanyaan secara lisan.
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 49.65pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Kuesioner,
yaitu salah satu teknik pengumpulan data yang bisa digunakan dalam evaluasi
untuk memperoleh informasi tentang mahasiswa dengan cara mengajukan pertanyaan
yang tertulis. Jadi kuesioner merupakan suatu daftar pertanyaan yang harus
diisi peserta didik yang akan diukur untuk mendapatkan informasi tentang
keadaan atau diri, pengalaman, pengetahuan, sikap peserta didik.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 49.65pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 49.65pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 14.2pt; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">5.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Penilaian
Acuan Norma Dan Acuan P<a href="" name="_GoBack"></a>atokan <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 32.2pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Penilaian
Acuan Norma<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">A.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Pengertian<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Acuan
norma merupakan elemen pilihan yang memberikan daftar dokumen norma yang diacu
dalam standar sehingga acuan tersebut tidak dipisahkan dalam penerapan standar<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Pengelolaan dan pengubahan skor mentah menjadi
nilai dilakukan dengan mengacu pada norma kelompok. Cara ini di kenal sebagai
penilaian acuan norma.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Penilaian
acuan norma adalah nilai sekelompok peserta didik (siswa) dalam suatu proses
pembelajaran didasarkan pada tingkat penguasaan di kelompok itu. Artinya
pemberian nilai mengacu pada perolehan nilai di kelompok itu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">4.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Penilaian
acuan norma yaitu dengan cara membandingkan nilai seorang siswa dengan nilai
kelompoknya. Jadi dalam hal ini prestasi seluruh siswa dalam kelas/kelompok
dipakai sebagai dasar penilaian.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 54pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Jadi
penialaian acuan norma adalah penilaian yang dilakuakan dengan mengacu pada
norma kelompok, nilai-nilai yang diperoleh siswa di perbandingakan dengan nilai-nilai
siswa yang lain yang termasuk di dalam kelompok itu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 18pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">B.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ciri-Ciri Penilaian Acuan Norma<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Penilaian
Acuan Norma digunakan untuk menentukan status setiap peserta didik terhadap
kemampuan peserta didik lainnya. Artinya, penilaian acuan norma digunakan apabila
kita ingin mengetahui kemampuan peserta didik di dalam kamunitasnya seperti di
kelas, sekolah, dan lain sebagainya.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Penialian
acuan norma menggunakan kriteria yang bersifat “relative”. Artinya selalu
berubah-ubah disesuaikan dengan kondisi dan atau kebutuhan pada waktu tersebut.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Nilai
dan hasil dari penilaian acuan norma tidak mencerminkan tingkat kemampuan dan
penguasaan siswa tentang materi pengajaran yang diteskan, tetapi hanya menunjuk
kedudukan peserta didik (peringkatnya) dalam komunitasnya (kelompoknya)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">4.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Penilaian
acuan normatif memiliki kecendrungan untuk menggunakan rentangan tingkat
penguasaan seseorang terhadap kelompoknya, mulai dari yang sangat istimewa
sampai dengan yang mengalami kesulitan yang serius.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">5.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Penilaian
acuan norma memberikan skor yang menggambarkan penguasaan kelompok<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 54pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 32.2pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Penilaian Acuan Patokan<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">A.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Pengertian Penilaian Acuan Patokan<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Penilaian
acuan patokan biasanya disebut juga criterion evaluation merupakan pengukuran
yang menggunakan acuan yang berbeda. Dalam pengukuran ini siswa dikompresikan
dengan kriteria yang telah ditentukan terlebih dahulu dalam tujuan
instruksional, bukan dengan penampilan siswa yang lain.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">B.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Persamaan Penilaian Acuan Norma dan
Penilaian Acuan Patokan<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Penilaian
acuan norma dan acuan patokan memerlukan adanya tujuan evaluasi spesifik
sebagai penentuan fokus item yang diperlukan. Tujuan tersebut termasuk tujuan
instruksional umum dan tujuan instruksional khusus.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Kedua
pengukuran memerlukan sample yang relevan, digunakan sebagai subjek yang hendak
dijadikan sasaran evaluasi. Sample yang diukur mempresentasikan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Untuk
mendapatkan informasi yang diinginkan tentang siswa, kedua pengukuran sama-sama memerlukan item-item yang disusun
dalam satu tes dengan menggunakan aturan dasar penulisan instrumen.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">4.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Keduanya
mempersyaratkan perumusan secara spesifik perilaku yang akan di ukur.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">5.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Keduanya
menggunakan macam tes yang sama seperti tes subjektif, tes karangan, tes
penampilan atau keterampilan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">6.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Keduanya
dinilai kualitasnya dari segi validitas dan reabilitasnya.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">7.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Keduanya
digunakan ke dalam pendidikan walaupun untuk maksud yang berbeda.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">C.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Penbedaan Penialian Acuan Norma Dan
Penilaian Acuan Patokan<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Penialian
acuan norma biasanya mengukur sejumlah besar perilaku khusus dengan sedikit
butir tes untuk setiap perilaku. Penilaian acuan patokan biasanya mengukur
peilaku khusus dalam jumlah yang terbatas dengan banyak butir tes untuk setiap
perilaku.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Penilaian
acuan norma menekankan perbedaan di antara peserta tes dari segi tingkat
pencapaian belajar secara relatif. Penilaian acuan patokan menekankan
penjelasan tentang apa perilaku yang dapat dan yang tidak dapat dilakukan oleh
setiap peserta tes.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Penialian
acuan norma lebih mementingkan butir-butir tes yang mempunyai tingkat kesulitan
sedang dan biasanya membuang tes yang terlalu mudah dan terlalu sulit.
Penilaian acuan patokan mementingkan butir-butir tes yang relevan dengan
perilaku yang akan diukur tanpa perduli dengan tingkat kesulitannya.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">4.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Penialian
acuan norma digunakan terutama untuk survey. Penilaian acuan patokan digunakan
terutama untuk penguasaan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> </span><b style="line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">DAFTAR PUSTAKA</span></b></div>
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<span class="CharAttribute2"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Batang;">Arikanto , Suharsimi. </span></span><span class="CharAttribute3"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Batang;">Dasar-dasar evaluasi</span></span><span class="CharAttribute2"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Batang;">. Bumi
Aksara: Jakarta, 2010.</span></span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span class="CharAttribute2"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Batang;">Depdiknas. </span></span><span class="CharAttribute3"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Batang;">Evaluasi pendidikan</span></span><span class="CharAttribute2"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Batang;">.
Depdiknas: Bandung, 2002. </span></span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span class="CharAttribute2"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Batang;"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="ParaAttribute2" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span class="CharAttribute2"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Batang;">Purwanto. </span></span><span class="CharAttribute3"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Batang;">Evaluasi Hasil belajar</span></span><span class="CharAttribute2"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Batang;">.
Pustaka Belajar: Yogyakarta, 2011.</span></span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="ParaAttribute2" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span class="CharAttribute4"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Batang;">Masidjo,
Ign. (1995).</span></span><span class="CharAttribute5"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Batang;"> </span></span><span class="CharAttribute6"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Batang;">Penilaian Hasil Belajar Siswa Di Sekolah</span></span><span class="CharAttribute4"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Batang;">. Yogjakarta: Kanisius.</span></span><span style="color: #333333; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="ParaAttribute2" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span class="CharAttribute4"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Batang;">Purwanti,
Endang. (2008).</span></span><span class="CharAttribute5"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Batang;"> </span></span><span class="CharAttribute6"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Batang;">Asesmen Pembelajaran SD</span></span><span class="CharAttribute4"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Batang;">.
Direktoral Jendral Pendidikan Tinggi Departemen Pendidikan Nasional.</span></span><span style="color: #333333; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="ParaAttribute2" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span class="CharAttribute4"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Batang;">Sudijono,
Anas. (2001).</span></span><span class="CharAttribute5"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Batang;"> </span></span><span class="CharAttribute6"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Batang;">Pengantar Evaluasi pendidikan</span></span><span class="CharAttribute4"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Batang;">.
Jakarta: Raja Grafindo Persada.</span></span><span style="color: #333333; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span class="CharAttribute4"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Batang;">Sanjaya,
Wina. 2008. Kurikulum dan Pembelajaran. Bandung: Kencana Prenada Media Group.
Sudrajat, Akhmad. (2008).</span></span><span class="CharAttribute5"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Batang;"> </span></span><span class="CharAttribute6"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Batang;">Penilaian Hasil Belajar Siswa</span></span><span class="CharAttribute4"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Batang;">.</span></span><span style="color: #333333; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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